Small Group Discussion in Teaching Speaking at Eleventh Grade of Senior
High School 3 Malang
THESIS
By:
SUMANTIAH
201110100100311215
ENGLISH LANGUAGE EDUCATION DEPARTMENT
FACULTY OF TEACHER TRAINING AND EDUCATION
UNIVERSITY OF MUHAMMADIYAH MALANG
Small Group Discussion in Teaching Speaking at Eleventh Grade of Senior
High School 3 Malang
THESIS
This thesis is submitted to meet one of requirements to achieve Sarjana Degree in English Language Education
By:
SUMANTIAH
201110100100311215
ENGLISH LANGUAGE EDUCATION DEPARTMENT
FACULTY OF TEACHER TRAINING AND EDUCATION
UNIVERSITY OF MUHAMMADIYAH MALANG
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MOTTO
Whoever goes down a path searching for knowledge, Allah will make it easy for
him the path to Jannah
.
(Al- Bukhari)
Knowledge will not be acquired except we make time for it.
(Imam Al-Baihaqi)
Be like the rice plant. The more it grows, the more it bends. Keep being the
modest one despite having much knowledge.
(My Beloved Baba)
DEDICATION This thesis is dedicated to:
My parents, sisters, and brothers (Ma, Baba, Ka Susi, Umratun, Rui, Rama & Dek Aisyah) who never stop giving themselves in countless ways. You are the reason
of what I become today.
My dearest and everlasting best friends (Ukhty Sila & Shinta Kabeta). I am really grateful to you for teaching me the meaningful life.
My favorite former teacher (Pak Usman) and my cousin (Arief El-Bimae). Huge thanks for inspiring me to be brave enough to go out of my hometown.
My family in Malang (Kak Yani and Istihara) who stand by me when things look bleak. Many thanks for the great support and continuous care.
My truly best friends ever (Kembang Kertas: Linda_Lindul, Teteh_Nenieh, Elin-_Kembang Kertas, Queen_Perina, Mamy_Zeny) who never fail to uplift my spirit
and make me believe in myself. The craziest memories with you are the unforgettable things.
My sisters in Malang (Ka Atun, Mbak Umi, Ka Fau, Ka Eli, Ka Kiki,Ka Mira,
Intan & Ulin. Thanks for the help and support.
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v
ABSTRACT
SMALL GROUP DISCUSSION IN TEACHING SPEAKING AT
ELEVENTH GRADE OF SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL 3 MALANG
Learning English is a need for people since it plays an essential role in various aspects of life such as technology, science, politic, education, entertainment, and tourism. Moreover, speaking skill of English is more emphasized to be developed since it can be an ultimate weapon to compete and survive on globalization and ASEAN Free Trade Area (AFTA). However, teaching speaking skill is more difficult since it is a foreign language (in Indonesia) where students do not get an exposure from their environment. Reviewing to the phenomenon, teachers should emphasize learning more on the interaction between students in teaching speaking. One of ways to make students active in speaking class is to let them discuss in a small group discussion.
This research employed descriptive qualitative research in which one of English teachers of Senior High School 3 Malang was chosen as the research subject. Since the aim of the research was to investigate the problems and solutions of small group discussion in teaching speaking, the data collection was conducted through observation (non-participation observation) and interview (semi-structured interview).
The result of the study showed that there were seven problems of small group discussion in teaching speaking at eleventh grade; namely forming group based on chance technique, row seating, mother tongue using, uneven participating, noisy classroom, boring presentation, and finishing the discussion in early time. Moreover, mother tongue using and row seating were considered as the main problems. From the main problems, the teacher gave the best effort to minimize the use of mother tongue by visiting each group to model and motivate the students to speak English. However, the teacher could not give an effort related to the row seating problem since the room of class MIPA-XI 2 was too small for small group discussion.
Hence, the small group discussion was still applicable in teaching speaking especially at eleventh grade of Senior High School 3 Malang. Even there were some problems in the implementation of small group discussion, the teacher had several ways to cope with the problems, so this technique ran well based on the lesson plan.
Keywords:Small Group Discussion, Teaching Speaking, Eleventh Grade
The First Advisor, The Writer,
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ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
Alhamdulillahirobbil’alamiin, the writer would like to express her sincere thanks to Allah SWT who has given health, blessing, inspiration, and guidance in accomplishing this thesis entitled: “Small Group Discussion in Teaching Speaking at Eleventh Grade of Senior High School 3 Malang”.
First and foremost, the writer would like to express her gratitude to her thesis supervisors, Rahmawati Khadijah Maro, S.Pd., M.PEd. and Riski Lestiono, S.Pd., M.A. for being outstanding and excellent supervisors. Their constant encouragement, support, and invaluable suggestions gave her motivation to accomplish this thesis.
The writer owes a deep sense of gratitude to her research subject, the English teacher of Senior High School 3 Malang, Mukhammad Aniq Mubarok, S.Pd. S.S. for his cooperation, support, and encouragement. He offered his precious time to help in gathering the research data.
Additionally, the writer is extremely thankful to: 1) The Dean of the Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, Dr. Poncojari Wahyono, M.Kes, 2) The head of English Department, Drs. Sudiran, M.Hum, 3) All the lecturers of English
Department, 4) Her beloved best friends “Hotahee’s Gang” especially Yulinda
Besty Sari who gave full effort to help her in doing the interview and observation. Finally, the writer is deeply and forever indebted to her parents, sisters, and brother for their love, support and encouragement throughout her thesis writing.
December 22, 2015 The writer,
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TABLE OF CONTENT
COVER
APPROVAL ... i
MOTTO AND DEDICATION ... iii
STATEMENT OF WORK’S ORIGINALITY ... iv
ABSTRACT ... v
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT ... vi
TABLE OF CONTENT ... vii
CHAPTER I: INTRODUCTION 1.1 Background of the Study ... 1
1.2 Statement of the Problems ... 5
1.3 Purposes of the Study ... 5
1.4 Significance of the Study ... 5
1.5 Scope and Limitation ... 6
1.6 Definition of Key Term ... 6
CHAPTER II: REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE 2.1 The Nature of Speaking ... 8
2.2 Functions of Speaking ... 9
2.3 Teaching Speaking ... 11
2.4 Teaching Speaking in Senior High School ... 14
2.5 Small Group Discussion ... 15
2.5.1 The Definition of Small Group Discussion ... 15
2.5.2 Characteristics of Effective and Good Small Group Discussion .. 16
2.5.3 The Advantages of Small Group Discussion ... 19
2.5.4 The Disadvantages of Small Group Discussion ... 20
2.5.5 Problems and Solutions of Small Group Discussion ... 22
CHAPTER III: RESEARCH METHODOLOGY 3.1 Research Design ... 24
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3.3 Research Instrument ... 27
3.3.1 Observation Field note ... 28
3.3.2 Interview Guideline ... 30
3.4 Data Collection ... 31
3.4 Data Analysis ... 32
CHAPTER IV: RESEARCH FINDINGS AND DISCUSSION 4.1 Research findings ... 35
4.1.1 The Problems of Small Group Discussion in Teaching Speaking 36 4.1.2 The Solutions of Small Group Discussion in Teaching Speaking .40 4.2 Discussion ... 44
CHAPTER V: CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTIONS 5.1 Conclusion ... 49
5.2 Suggestions ... 51
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CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION
This chapter presents the background of study, the statements of problem,
the purposes of study, the significances of study, the scope and limitation, and the definition of key terms.
1.1 Background of the Study
In the 2006 Decree no. 22 of National Education System, English is the first
foreign language that takes part in Indonesia’s curriculum. English is taught from
junior high school to senior high school as an effort of the betterment in education
field. It is in line with 1945 Constitutions of The Republic of Indonesia Article 28 c that everyone entitles to get an education and the benefit of the knowledge,
technology, culture and art in order to make better value of their life and prosperity of humanity. Moreover, Soekarwo, a governor of East Java said that English skill can be an ultimate weapon to compete and survive on globalization
and ASEAN Free Trade Area (AFTA) that is declared at the end of 2015, in which all of ASEAN society are allowed to look for a job in ASEAN countries without
facing a very complicated procedure. It means that Indonesian will have more competitors (They are not only Indonesian, but also citizens of other countries which are affiliated in ASEAN) to look for a job outside of their homeland. There
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he argues that one of endeavors to prepare the globalization and AFTA is that developing English proficiency especially speaking skill.
However, teaching speaking skill is more difficult since it is a foreign language where students do not get an exposure from their environment. They are
not accustomed to using the language in daily life. Thonbury (2005:28) states that many students have lack of genuine speaking opportunities; meanwhile speaking English should be practiced every time and everywhere to meet the goal of
language proficiency. In this case, the teacher can utilize classroom as English environment where there is an interaction between teacher and students or
students and other students in teaching speaking.
In Curriculum 2013, students are the center of learning process. Students should be active in the learning process. One of ways to make students active in
speaking class is that pointing students to have small group discussion. Arends (2007: 430-431) notes that small group discussion is a situation in which students
can express their ideas and opinions within a group in solving problems. It means that when students work in a team, they will learn more to speak and share ideas,
listen to others’ opinion, discuss to solve a certain problem, and have
responsibility to finish their work together.
One of schools that implement small group discussion is Senior High School
3 Malang because Senior High School 3 Malang has a mission to actualize English and Bahasa Indonesia in the learning activity to develop students’ skill in communication for academic and non-academic purpose. The responsibility of the
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social skill. Knowledge and social skill that are developed when students are in school can be a power to compete real work world after they graduate later.
In the pra-observation and interview with one of the English teachers of eleventh grade of Senior High School 3 Malang, it has been known that the
teacher frequently uses small group discussion in teaching speaking. There are many reasons in implementing small group discussion. For example, it can lead students to be active in speaking while they are having discussion within group.
By discussing, students will have an opportunity for helping each other to accomplish a task. Students also can learn social skills, which are needed for
teamwork and task work such as leadership, decision-making, trust-building, communication, and conflict management. Therefore, the researcher conducts a research entitled “Small Group Discussion in Teaching Speaking at Eleventh
Grade of Senior High School 3 Malang”.
In order to assemble the supporting research findings and the theory of this
study, the researcher found two theses that concerned about the implementation of group discussion. Wahyurianto (2009) and Dewi (2011) conducted the studies. Wahyurianto used Classroom Action Research (CAR) where he was interested in
investigating the effectiveness of group discussion in Bahasa Indonesia Department of University of Muhammadiyah Malang. Based on his study,
Wahyurianto figured out that group discussion was effective to be implemented
because it can improve students’ skill in speaking. The average score raised from
6.19 to 6.71. Whereas, Dewi was interested in descriptive qualitative research
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English Department University of muhammadiyah Malang. She concluded that students are more active through the implementation of group discussion.
Students have a braveness to speak in front of their friends and it develops their teamwork.
However, the present study is different from previous studies in a way that the researcher focuses on what problems are encountered during small group discussion, and what the solutions are prepared to solve those problems. There is
no intention to prove whether this technique is effective to improve students’ skill
or not.
1.2 Statement of the Problems
1.2.1 What are the problems encountered by the teacher during small group discussion in teaching speaking at the Eleventh grade of
Senior High School 3 Malang?
1.2.2 What are the solutions to the problems of small group discussion in teaching speaking at the Eleventh grade of Senior High School 3
Malang?
1.3 Purposes of the Study
1.3.1 To identify the problems encountered by the teacher during small
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1.3.2 To elaborate the solutions prepared by the teacher to solve the problems of small group discussion in teaching speaking at the
Eleventh grade of Senior High School 3 Malang?
1.4 Significances of the Study
The findings of this study are hoped to be an advantageous reference for
education practitioner especially teacher, students, and the future researchers. First, as the role model in the classroom, teacher has a responsibility to create an enjoyable atmosphere during the learning process by using the appropriate
technique. Therefore, the study is aimed to know some informations of the problems that may be encountered and the solutions during small group
discussion, so teachers who want to apply small group discussion in his or her teaching will have some references about the hamper things. The teachers are also
hoped to be able to anticipate with the several solutions given. Second, being involved in the small group discussion, students are helped to realize the difficulties that they may find in teamwork and try to fix those difficulties. In
addition, students are helped to develop their skill social skill through discussion. Last, this study may inspire the future researchers to conduct studies on similar
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1.5 Scope and Limitation
The study focuses on small group discussion in teaching speaking. It is
limited to investigate small group discussion in teaching speaking that is used by the teacher at Eleventh Grade of Senior High School 3 Malang.
1.6 Definition of Key Terms
1.6.1 Teaching Speaking : Showing or helping someone to learn how to speak or communicate orally, giving instruction, guiding on how to
speak using verbal language. (Kimble & Garmezy in Pratiwi 2014:6)
1.6.2 Small Group Discussion : A community of learners cooperate each other in pursuit of common goals (Brown,
2000:178).
1.6.3 Senior High School 3 Malang: A senior high school which actualizes English and Bahasa Indonesia
in the learning activity to develop
students’ skill in communication for
