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Eri Subekti, 2016

TEACHER ORAL CORRECTIVE FEEDBACK IN A NON-FORMAL ADULT EFL CONVERSATION CLASS

Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia | repository.upi.edu | perpustakaan.upi.edu

ABSTRACT

This study investigates the teacher oral corrective feedback in a non-formal conversation class of EFL adult learner context in Indonesia. The study aims at finding out the types of oral corrective feedback that employed by the teacher and how the teacher implement the oral corrective feedback to adult students. The study was conducted in a private conversation class of an English course in Bandung. The course provides private conversation classes mostly for adult learners with private teaching method. The participants were one non-native English teacher and three adult private students. This study mainly employs a qualitative research design, embracing the characteristics of a case study. The data were collected through observation and stimulated recall interview. The

observation was done twelve times for each student to capture the types of teacher’s

corrective feedback and the uptake that might come up following different types of oral corrective feedback. The data consists of thirty six hours of interaction between the English teacher and the students. The interactions were recorded and transcribed, and then coded according to the categorization of oral corrective feedback models by Lyster and Ranta (1997) and Ellis (2009). The data were also obtained from stimulated recall

interview to confirm the data findings gained from observation and reveal the teacher’s

comments on employing different types of corrective feedback. The result shows that teacher used all types of corrective feedback with recast as the most frequent type of oral corrective feedback that was used by the teacher in teaching the adult students. In implementing the oral corrective feedback to adult students, the teacher mainly paid attention on three types of error (grammatical, lexical, and phonological) with the most frequent attention on grammatical error and the most tolerant one on phonological error. Regarding the uptake, it was found that each corrective feedback had different effect on

the students’ uptake. The effect can be seen in the number of repairs as the sign that the

students successfully responded to the teacher’s oral corrective feedback. It was also found

that the teacher tends to be instinctively in giving corrective feedback as spontaneous correction.

(2)

Eri Subekti, 2016

TEACHER ORAL CORRECTIVE FEEDBACK IN A NON-FORMAL ADULT EFL CONVERSATION CLASS

Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia | repository.upi.edu | perpustakaan.upi.edu

ABSTRAK

Penelitian ini membahas tentang teacher oral corrective feedback pada kelas EFL

conversation siswa dewasa di Indonesia. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui

tipe-tipe oral corrective feedback yang digunakan oleh guru dan bagaimana guru tersebut

menngimplementasikan oral corrective feedback pada siswa dewasa. Penelitian ini

dilakukan di sebuah kelas conversation pada sebuah kursus privat Bahasa Inggris di

Bandung. Kursus tersebut menyediakan kelas conversation terutama untuk siswa dewasa

dengan metode privat. Partisipan pada penelitian ini terdiri dari seorang guru dan tiga siswa dewasa. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan karakteristik studi

kasus. Teknik pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui observasi dan stimulated recall

interview. Observasi dilakukan sebanyak dua belas kali pada setiap siswa untuk

mengetahui tipe corrective feedback yang digunakan oleh guru dan uptake yang muncul

setelahnya. Data terdiri dari tiga puluh enam jam interaksi antara guru dan siswa. Interaksi tersebut direkam dan ditranskrip, kemudian dikelompokkan berdasarkan model kategori

oral corrective feedback oleh Lyster dan Ranta (1997) dan Ellis (2009). Data juga diambil

melalui stimulated recall interview untuk mengkonfirmasi data hasil observasi serta

komentar guru tentang penggunaan tipe oral corrective feedback yang berbeda. Hasil

penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa guru menggunakan semua tipe oral corrective feedback

dengan recast sebagai tipe yang paling sering digunakan oleh guru ketika mengajar siswa

dewasa. Dalam mengimplementasikan oral corrective feedback pada siswa dewasa, guru

menitikberatkan pada tiga jenis error (grammatical, lexical, phonological) dengan

perhatian terbesar pada grammatical error dan terkecil pada phonological error.

Kaitannya dengan uptake, ditemukan bahwa setiap corrective feedback memiliki efek yang

berbeda pada uptake siswa. Efeknya dapat dilihat pada jumlah repair yang merupakan

tanda bahwa siswa telah berhasil merespon oral corrective feedback yang diberikan oleh

guru. Ditemukan pula bahwa guru cenderung memberikan oral corrective feedback

berdasarkan insting sebagai koreksi yang spontan.

Referensi

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