MICROBIOLOGY PPT LECTURE NOTES | Karya Tulis Ilmiah

(1)

(2)

Retrovirus

R o u s s a r c o m a v ir u s

M u r in e s a r c o m a v ir u s

M o u s e m a m m a r y t u m o r v ir u s R N A t u m o r v ir u s g r o u p

O n v ir in a e

H I V I , H I V I I

S h e e p v is n a v ir u s

E q u in e in f e c t io u s a n e m ia v ir u s M a e d i/ V is n a g r o u p

L e n t iv ir in a e

H u m a n f o a m y v ir u s F o a m y v ir u s g r o u p

S p u m a v ir in a e

R e t r o v i r i d a e

含含含含含含

RNA

含

RNA

RNA 含含含含含含含含含含含含

(3)

含含含含含含含含

 含含含含含含 100-140100-140nmnm 含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含  含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含 ++ssRNAssRNA 含含含含 5‘5‘ 含含含含含含含含

含含含含含含含含

含含含含含含含含 9-10 9-10 KBKB 含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含

含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含 CC 含含含含 DD 含含含含含含含

含含含

 含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含 gag

gag 含含 polpol 含含 envenv 含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含

含

 含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含 RNARNA 含含 HH

 含含含含含含含含 : : 含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含 cDNAcDNA 含含含含含含

含含含含含含含含含含

含含含含含含含含含含 ProvirusProvirus 含含

 含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含

含

(4)

含含含含含含含

Human Immunodeficiency

Virus, HIV

(5)

(6)

含含含含

 19811981 年年 66 年年年年年年CDCCDC 年年年年年年年年年年 55年年年年Los AngelesLos Angeles 年年年年年年年年年年年年年年年年年年年年年年年年

年年年年年年年年年年年年年年年年年年年年年年年年年年年年年年年年年年年年年年年年年年年年年年年年年 年年年年年年年年年年年年年年年年年年年年年年年年年年年年年年年年年年年年年年年年年年年年年年年年年 年年年年年年年年年年年年年年年年年年年年年年年年年年年年年年年年年年年年年年年年年年年年年年年年 年年年年年年年年年年年年年年年年年年年年年年年年年年年年年年年年年年年年年年年年年年年年年年年年 CNS

CNS 年年年年年年年年年年年年年年年年年年年年年年年年年年年年年年年年年年年年年年年年年年年年年年年年年年年年年年年年年年年年年年年年年年年年年年年年年年年年年年年

年 Aquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome, AIDSAquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome, AIDS 年年

 19831983 年年年年 19841984 年年年年 AIDSAIDS 年年年年年年年年年年年年年年年年年年年年年年年年年年年年年年年年年年年年

年

年 Lymphadenopathy-associated virusLymphadenopathy-associated virus 年年 LAVLAV 年年年年年年年年年年TT 年年年年 年年年年

年年年年 IIIIII 年年年年 Human T-lymphotrophic virus type Human T-lymphotrophic virus type III

III 年年 HTLV-IIIHTLV-III 年年年年 AIDSAIDS 年年年年年年年年年年 AIDS-related AIDS-related retrovirus

retrovirus 年年 ARVARV年年年年年年年年年年年年年年年年年年年年年年年年年年年年19861986年年年年年年年年年年年年年年年年年年年年年年年年年年 年

(7)

含含含

type

含

 含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含 AIDSAIDS 含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含 70%70%

含含含含含含含含 HIVHIV 含含含含含含 HIV-1

HIV-1 含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含 HIV-2

HIV-2 含含含含含含含含含含含含含含

(8)

Viral genome



9.2kb +ssRNA with three

structual genes and six

regulatory genes.

(9)

(10)

 含含含含含含含含含含 9.29.2KBKB

含含含含含含含含含含含

含含含含含含含含含含含 LTRLTR 含含 3

3 含含含含含含含含含含含含 envenv 含含 polpol 含含 gaggag 含含 6

(11)

含含含含含

Strucutre Genes

含

Gene

Gene Encoded Encoded Protein

Protein Function of ProteinFunction of Protein

gag

gag P24, p7P24, p7 NucleocapsidNucleocapsid p17

p17 MatrixMatrix

pol

pol Reverse Reverse

transcriptase

Transcribes RNA genome Transcribes RNA genome

into DNA into DNA Protease

Protease Cleaves precusor Cleaves precusor polypeptides

polypeptides Integrase

Integrase Integrates viral DNA into Integrates viral DNA into host cell DNA

host cell DNA

env

env gp120gp120 Attachment to CD40 proteinAttachment to CD40 protein gp41

(12)

含含含含含

Regulatory Genes

含

vif

viral infectivity factor

tat

transactivating protein

vpu

viral protein U

rev

regulator of virion protein

expression

nef

(13)

Regulatory Genes Found in HIV

That Are Required for Replication

Gene

Gene ProteinProtein Protein Function Protein Function

tat

tat TatTat Activation of transcription Activation of transcription of viral genes

of viral genes

rev

rev RevRev Transport of late mRNA Transport of late mRNA from nucleus to

from nucleus to

cytoplasm

(14)

Regulatory Genes Found in HIV That

Are Not Required for Replication

Gene

s

s ProteiProteinn Function of ProteinFunction of Protein

nef

nef NefNef Decreases CD4 proteins and class I Decreases CD4 proteins and class I MHC proteins on surface of infected

MHC proteins on surface of infected

cells

Important for pathogenesis by SIV

vif

vif VifVif Stabilizes newly synthesized viral Stabilizes newly synthesized viral DNA and transports core through

DNA and transports core through

cytoplasm

vpr

vpr VprVpr Transports viral core from cytoplasm Transports viral core from cytoplasm into nucleus in nondividing cells

into nucleus in nondividing cells

vpu

(15)

(16)

(17)

(18)

(19)

(20)

(21)

(22)

(23)

Replication

(24)

(25)

Viral dynamics in a

typical HIV+ person[1]

•Error frequency in RT: 3 x 10-5 _{per base per}

replication cycle

•HI V-1 genome is composed of 104 _{= 10,000}

nucleotides

•up to 10 billion viruses are produced daily

•100 million new cell infections/day

(26)

HIV

HIV envenv genetic subtypes (1998) genetic subtypes (1998)

Adapted from J. Mullins

(27)

年年年年

 HIVHIV 含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含 CD4CD4 含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含

PHA

PHA 含含含含 33 含含含含含含含含含含含含 TT 含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含

含含含 CPECPE 含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含

(28)

含含含含含含

 含含含含含含含含含含

• 含含含含含含_{含含含含含含} 77 含含

• 含含含_含含含 5656C30minC30min 含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含 0.5%0.5% 含含含含含含含含含含 10%10%

含含含含

含含含含 50%50% 含含含含含含 35%35% 含含含含含含含含 0.3%0.3%HH22OO22含含 5%5% 含含含含含含

10

10minmin 含含含含含含含含含含含含

• 含含含含含含_{含含含含含含} 68 68 C72hC72h 含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含

 WHOWHO 含含含含含含

100100C 20minC 20min

(29)

年年年年年年年年

 含含含含含含

HIV

HIV 含含含含含含含含AIDSAIDS含含含含

含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含  含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含

含含含 HIVHIV含含含含含含含含22%22%含含含含含含含含含含

含含 72.4%72.4%含含AIDSAIDS含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含HIVHIV 含含含

含含含

含含含含

(30)

 含含含含含含含含

44 含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含

含含含含 1010 含含含含

含含

含含含含

含含含含含

含含

(31)

 年年年年年年年年

• HIV_HIV 含含含含含含含含含含含含含含 8-128-12 含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含 3-63-6 含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含 55 0-70%

0-70% 含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含

含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含

 年年年年年年年年

含含含含 66 含含 -10-10 含含含含含含含含含含含含含含

 AIDSAIDS 含含含含含含含含含含含含含含 AIDS-related complex, AIDS-related complex,

ARC

ARC 含含

含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含

(32)

 含含含含 AIDSAIDS 含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含

含

含 KaposiKaposi 含含含含含含含含含

含含含 ProtozoalProtozoal 含含

 含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含 pneumocystis cariniipneumocystis carinii 含含 now now

thought to be a fungi

thought to be a fungi 含含含含 toxoplasmosis, toxoplasmosis, crytosporidosis

crytosporidosis

含含含

含含含 FungalFungal 含含

 含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含candidiasiscandidiasis 含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含crytococcosiscrytococcosis 含含, ,

histoplasmosis, coccidiodomycosis histoplasmosis, coccidiodomycosis 含含含

含含含 BacterialBacterial 含含

 含含含含含含Mycobacterium avium complexMycobacterium avium complex 含含 , , 含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含

含

含 atypical mycobacterial diseaseatypical mycobacterial disease 含含, , 含含含含含含含含含含含含含

含 salmonella septicaemiasalmonella septicaemia含含, , 含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含multiple multiple or recurrent pyogenic bacterial infection

or recurrent pyogenic bacterial infection 含含含含含

含含含 ViralViral 含含

 CMV, HSV, VZV, JCVCMV, HSV, VZV, JCV

(33)

Kaposi’s

Sarcoma

(34)

 With With dissemination to dissemination to extrapulmonary extrapulmonary sites, sites, Pneumocystis Pneumocystis carinii tends to carinii tends to produce foci with produce foci with prominent

prominent

calcification, as calcification, as seen in the kidney seen in the kidney here grossly

here grossly

 With giemsa stain With giemsa stain

at high at high

magnification, the magnification, the faint bluish faint bluish dot-like intracystic like intracystic bodies of

bodies of

Pneumocystis Pneumocystis carinii in lung are carinii in lung are seen in this

seen in this cytologic cytologic

(35)

Candida Albicans

Candida infections are common with AIDS, but most often

appear as oral thrush, which is a nuisance but not

life-threatening. Disseminated

infections are uncommon, but here is a rare Candida

(36)

(37)

(38)

(39)

(40)

(41)

(42)



Cell tropism:

CD4+ T cells,

Macrophages



含

CD4+

含含含含含



含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含



(43)

HIV

含

CD4+

含含含含含

 含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含

 含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含 cDNAcDNA 含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含

 含含含含 TT 含含含含含含含含含含 HIV gp120HIV gp120 含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含 CD4CD4 含含含含含含含含

含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含

(44)

含含含含

 含含含含含含含含含含含含 HIVHIV 含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含 CTLCTL 含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含

 含含含含含含含含含含含含 HIVHIV 含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含 ADCCADCC 含含含含

含含

 HIVHIV 含含 gp120gp120 含含 TT 含含含含含含含含含含 MHC IIMHC II 含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含

含含含

含含含 gp120gp120 含含含含含含含含含含含含 TT 含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含

(45)

年年年年年年年年年

 HIVHIV 含含含含含含 BB 含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含

含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含

 含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含 CD4CD4 含含含含含含 HIVHIV 含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含

含含含

含含含 HIVHIV 含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含 CPECPE 含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含 HIV

HIV 含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含

(46)

含含含含含含含

 含含含含 40%-90%40%-90% 含含 AIDSAIDS 含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含 HIVHIV 含含含含

含含含含含含含含含含含含含含

 含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含 CNSCNS 含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含

含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含

(47)

含含含含含含含含含

 CD4+ TCD4+ T 含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含

 含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含

“含含含”含含

(48)

含含含含含含

 含含含含含含含含

• 含含_含含

ELISA RIA

IFA Western blot

 含含含含 RNARNA

PCRPCR

 含含含含含含含含含含

HIVHIV 含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含 HTLVHTLV含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含

含含

(49)

(50)

ELISA for HIV antibody

Screening tests should be as sensitive as possible

(51)

Western blot for HIV antibody

Confirmatory tests should be as specific as possible

 There are different criteria There are different criteria

for the interpretation of HIV

Western blot results e.g.

CDC, WHO, American Red

Cross.

 The most important The most important

antibodies are those against

the envelope glycoproteins

gp120, gp160, and gp41

 p24 antibody is usually p24 antibody is usually

present but may be absent

in the later stages of HIV

infection

(52)

(53)

(54)

含含含含

:

ORA HIV

 含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含 HIVHIV 含含含含含含含含含含 2020 含含含含含含含含含含

含含含含含

 _{含含含含含含含}_{含含含含含含含} _HIV_HIV _{含含含含含含}_{含含含含含含} ₁₁ _含_含 ₂₂ _{含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含}_{含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含}

 _含含含含_含含含含 ₁₀₁₀ _含_含 ₁₅₁₅ _含含_含含

 含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含 FDAFDA 含含含含含含含含 20022002 含含 1111 含含含含含含含含含含含含

含含含含

(55)

含含

 含含含含 HIVHIV 含含含含含含 AIDSAIDS 含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含  含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含

 含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含

含含含含含含

 含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含 VIIIVIII 含含含含含含  含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含

(56)

年年年年年年年年年

HAART

年

 含含含含含含含含含含含含 22 含含 HIVHIV 含含含含含含含含含含含含

含

含 SaquinavirSaquinavir 含含 RitonaviRitonavi r

r 含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含 HIVHIV 含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含

 含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含  含含含含含含含含含含含含

 含含含含含含含含含含含含含含 88 含含 RMBRMB

H

Highlyighly

A

Activective

A

Anti-nti-RRetroviral etroviral TTherapyherapy

 HAART: Two HAART: Two

nucleoside analog RT

inhibitors and 1

protease inhibitor

protease inhibitor

 Now also: Two Now also: Two

nucleoside analog RT

inhibitors and 1 non

nucleoside

(57)

HAART

含含含含含

2000

含

1.

HIV1 Viral load > 10-

HIV1 Viral load >

10-30000/ml

30000/ml

2. CD4 value < 250 cells/ml.

(58)

A ID S m ortality and

protease inhibitor (PI) use

0 10 20 30 40

(59)

(60)

含含含含

(61)

2003

 含含含含 20022002 含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含 4056040560 含含含含含含 2020

01

01 含含含含含含含含含含含含 32.0%32.0% 含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含 20012001 含含含含含含 2000

2000 含含含含含含含含 36.5%36.5% 含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含 2 6392 639 含含 , , 含含 2020 01

01 含含含含含含含含 65.6%65.6% 含含含含含含 1 0471 047 含含

 含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含 63.7%63.7% 含含 2582825828 含含含含

含含含含含含

含含含含含含 8.1 %8.1 % 含含 3292 3292 含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含 9.3 %9.3 % 含

含 37763776 含含含含

 含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含 20022002 含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含 100100 含含含含

(62)

2002

含含含含含含含含



2002

含含含含含含含含含含含含含含



9824

含

• 含含 20012001 含含含含含含含含 19.5 %19.5 % 含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含 200200

1

1 含含含含 20002000 含含含含含含含含 58%58% 含含

• 含含_含含 10451045 含含含含含含 20012001 含含含含含含 46.4%46.4%

(63)

HIV

含含含含含含含含

 含含含含含含含含 20—3920—39 含含含含含含

 含含含含含含含含含含含含含含

 含含含含含含含含含含 5.2 : 15.2 : 1

 含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含 63.7%63.7% 含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含 8.1%8.1% 含含

含含含

含含含 9.3%9.3% 含含

含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含

含含含含 70%70% 含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含

(64)

含含含含含含含含含含含含含

含含含含含含含含含含含含1818含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含1919 98

98含含22含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含

含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含 13501350CCCC含含含含含含含含含含含含含含 304

304 含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含

含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含

含含含含含含含含含含含含含“含含含含含含含”含含含含含含含含含含“含含含含

含”含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含

含”含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含 1515含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含

(65)

年年



《

含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含

1998-2010

含含

》



《

含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含

2001-2005

含含

》



含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含

《

》《

》

(66)

年年

 含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含  含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含  含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含  含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含

• 含含含含_含含含含 2222 含含含含含含含含含含 1111 含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含 60006000 含含含含含含含含

 含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含  含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含

(67)

含含含含含含含含含含含



含含含含

(68)

 含含含含含含含含含含含含含含 19981998 含含 1212 含含 11 含含  2004:“2004:“ 含含含含含含含含含”含含含含含含含含含含”含

 20032003 含“含“ Live and let live”“Live and let live”“ 含含含含含含含含 ,, 含含含含”含含含含含”含  20022002 含含

• Live, Let Live_{Live, Let Live}

• 含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含_{含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含}

 20012001 含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含  20020000 含含

• 含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含_{含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含}

 1999 Listen ,Learn, Live! 1999 Listen ,Learn, Live!

含含含含含含含含含含含 ---- 含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含

 1998 Force for Change:World AIDS Campaign 1998 Force for Change:World AIDS Campaign

with Young People

含含含

含含含 ---- 含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含

 1997 Children Living in a World with AIDS 1997 Children Living in a World with AIDS

含含含含含含含含含含含含含

(69)

 1988 Join the Worldwide Effort 1988 Join the Worldwide Effort

含含含含

含含含含 ,, 含含含含含含含含

 1989 Our Lives ,Our World --Let‘s Take Care of 1989 Our Lives ,Our World --Let‘s Take Care of

Each Other

含含含含含

含含含含含 ,, 含含含含含含含含含含 ---- 含含含含含含含含含含含含含含

 1990 Women and AIDS 1990 Women and AIDS

含含含含含含

 1991 Sharing the Challenge1991 Sharing the Challenge

 1992 A Community Commitment 1992 A Community Commitment

含含含含含

含含含含含 ,, 含含含含含含含含含含含含

 1993 Time to Act 1993 Time to Act

含含含含

 1994 AIDS and the Family1994 AIDS and the Family

含含含含含含

 1995 Shared Rights,Shared Responsibilities1995 Shared Rights,Shared Responsibilities

含含含含

 1996 One World,One Hope 1996 One World,One Hope

含含含含

(70)

含含含

T

含含含含含

HTLV

含

Human

T-Cell Lymphotropic Virus

(71)

年年



1978

含含

T

含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含

含含含含含含含含含含含含

C

含含含含含含含含含含含含

T

含含

含含含

Human T-cell lymphotropic

virus, HTLV

含

含含含

T

Human

T-cell leukemia virus, HTLV

含



含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含

T

含含含含

含含含含含

HTLV II

HTLV I

含含含含

含含含含含

(72)

含含含含含



含含含

100

nm

含

含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含

gp120

p24

含

p18

含含含含含含

LRT

(73)

含含含



含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含

含含含含含



I

含含

II

含含含含含含

T

含含含含含含含含含

40

含含含

含含含含

T

含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含

含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含

(74)

含含含含



RNA

含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含

IL-2

(75)

含含含含含



• 含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含 PHAPHA 含含含含含含含含含含 IL-2IL-2 含含含含 3—63—6 含含含含含含含含

含含含含含含含含 CC 含含含含含含含含含含



含含含含

(

HTLV 1 specific antibody)

MICROBIOLOGY PPT LECTURE NOTES | Karya Tulis Ilmiah

Retrovirus

RNA 含含含含含含含含含含含含

含含含含含含含含

含含含含含含含含

含含含含含含含

年 Aquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome, AIDSAquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome, AIDS 年年

 含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含 AIDSAIDS 含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含 70%70%

Viral genome

 含含含含含含含含含含 9.29.2KBKB

含含含含含

Gene Encoded Encoded Protein

host cell DNA

含含含含含

regulator of virion protein

Gene ProteinProtein Protein Function Protein Function

Regulatory Genes Found in HIV That

Replication

Viral dynamics in a

 HIVHIV 含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含 CD4CD4 含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含

含含含含含含

 含含含含含含含含含含

年年年年年年年年

 含含含含含含

ARC 含含

 CMV, HSV, VZV, JCVCMV, HSV, VZV, JCV

Kaposi’s

Candida Albicans

CD4+ T cells,

 含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含

年年年年年年年年年

 HIVHIV 含含含含含含 BB 含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含

含含含含含含含

 含含含含 40%-90%40%-90% 含含 AIDSAIDS 含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含 HIVHIV 含含含含

含含含含含含含含含

 CD4+ TCD4+ T 含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含

含含含含含含

 含含含含含含含含

ELISA for HIV antibody

ORA HIV

 含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含 HIVHIV 含含含含含含含含含含 2020 含含含含含含含含含含

年年年年年年年年年

 含含含含含含含含含含含含 22 含含 HIVHIV 含含含含含含含含含含含含

protease inhibitor

HAART

 含含含含 20022002 含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含 4056040560 含含含含含含 2020

含含含含含含含含

• 含含 20012001 含含含含含含含含 19.5 %19.5 % 含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含 200200

含含含含含含含含

 含含含含含含含含 20—3920—39 含含含含含含

含含含含含含含含含含含含含

含含含含含含含含含含含含1818含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含1919 98

含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含

 含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含  含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含  含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含  含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含

含含含含含含含含含含含

 含含含含含含含含含含含含含含 19981998 含含 1212 含含 11 含含  2004:“2004:“ 含含含含含含含含含”含 含含含含含含含含含”含

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virus, HTLV

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• 含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含含 PHAPHA 含含含含含含含含含含 IL-2IL-2 含含含含 3—63—6 含含含含含含含含

HTLV 1 specific antibody)

 含含含含含含含含含含含含含含 19981998 含含 1212 含含 11 含含  2004:“2004:“ 含含含含含含含含含”含含含含含含含含含含”含

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