THE CORRELATION BETWEEN SECOND LANGUAGE PROFICIENCY
AND
SELF-EFFICACY IN THIRD LANGUAGE LEARNING VIA SECOND LANGUAGE
UNDERGRADUATE THESIS
FERDINAND RASALI 10.40.0025
FACULTY OF PSYCHOLOGY
SOEGIJAPRANATA CATHOLIC UNIVERSITY SEMARANG
THE CORRELATION BETWEEN SECOND LANGUAGE PROFICIENCY
AND
SELF-EFFICACY IN THIRD LANGUAGE LEARNING VIA SECOND LANGUAGE
UNDERGRADUATE THESIS
Submitted to Faculty of Psychology Soegijapranata Catholic University as One of Requirements to Achieve Bachelor Degree in Psychology
FERDINAND RASALI 10.40.0025
FACULTY OF PSYCHOLOGY
SOEGIJAPRANATA CATHOLIC UNIVERSITY SEMARANG
ii
PAGE OF APPROVAL
Defended in the presence of Soegijapranata Catholic University Faculty of Psychology Board of Examiners and Accepted as One of
Requirements to Achieve Bachelor Degree in Psychology
October 23rd 2014
Approved by Faculty of Psychology Soegijapranata Catholic University
Dean,
(Dr. M. Sih Setija Utami, M.Kes)
Board of examiners
1. Dr. M. Sih Setija Utami, M.Kes _____________________
2. Augustina Sulastri, S.Psi., Psi _____________________
iii
MOTTO
“
春去春回來
,
花謝花會再開
”
“
花心
”
- 周華健
“Spring went, spring will come again.
Flower withers, flower will blossom again.”
“Hua Xin” –
Zhou Hua Jian
iv
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
Writer would like to deliver acknowledgements to God so this thesis could be completed. Also for everyone who helped in this research:
1. Dr. M. Sih Setija Utami, M.Kes as the Dean of Faculty of Psychology Soegijapranata Catholic University and as thesis examiner.
5. All the lecturers of Faculty of Psychology Soegijapranata Catholic University.
6. All the administration staff of Faculty of Psychology Soegijapranata Catholic University (Mas Pri, Mas Sabar, Mb Deo, Mb Dewi, Mas Gandi, Pak Gik).
7. Tan Agung Haryono, S.S (Dunia Bahasa) and team who helped constructing English Proficiency Test.
8. Providence University, Center of Chinese Language as the institute who gave research permission in Taiwan.
9. My family at home; Dad, Mam, Cicik, Koko, Mb Tun, Pak Sobri, Philip, and Geby.
v
11.Mbak Yuli, Indah, Vyra, Reyner, Gaby, There, Teteph, Koh Rafa, Pak Andre, and all of everyone who I met at International Office. 12.Hypnomorphosis club Family. Koh Danny, Mb Wuri, Dimas,
Ahun, Koh Rangga, and everyone.
13.Lusi, Vio, Osa, Albert, Alvin, Gege, Herman, Sylver, and all students of Psychology.
14. My Senate family. Kries, Oky, Soca, Kiki, Maria, Egi, Daniel, Angga, Gorbi, Gary, Judith, Caca, Roby.
15. Everyone who I could not mention here. Thank you all.
16.And last but not least, myself. For always being there and once again going out of the comfort zone.
This thesis is far from perfect, but writer would always learn and hope that any information in this thesis would be useful for readers.
Semarang, October 2014
vi
THE CORRELATION BETWEEN SECOND LANGUAGE PROFICIENCY
AND
SELF-EFFICACY IN THIRD LANGUAGE LEARNING VIA SECOND LANGUAGE
Ferdinand Rasali The Faculty of Psychology Soegijapranata Catholic University from 17 countries, where English language as L2 and Chinese language as L3. The first method used in this study was quantitative using self-efficacy scale and L2 proficiency test to find correlation between them using product moment technique. The second method was qualitative using interview to find the relation between self-efficacy in L3 learning via L2 context and L2 proficiency. The research resulted in the positive correlation between L2 proficiency and self-efficacy in L3 via L2 (rxy = 0.416, p < 0.05), also that cultural background showed to contribute in the forming of self-efficacy. The conclusion can also be drawn that L2 proficiency as previous performance accomplishments was very impactful for predicting self-efficacy. By improving L2 proficiency, the self-efficacy for L3 learning via L2 would also be improved.
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
TITLE ……… i
PAGE OF APPROVAL ……… ii
MOTTO ……… iii
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT ……… iv
ABSTRACT ……… vi
CHAPTER 2 LITERATURE REVIEW A. Self-efficacy in L3 Learning via L2 1. Self-efficacy ……… 6
a. Definitions of Self-efficacy ……… 6
viii
c. Aspects/Dimensions of Self-efficacy ……… 10
d. Predisposing Factors of Self-efficacy ……… 12
2. L3 Learning via L2 a. Definitions of L3 Learning via L2 ………… 17
b. Aspects/Dimensions of L3 Learning via L2 …… 19
B. L2 Proficiency 1. Definitions of L2 Proficiency ……… 23
2. Aspects/Dimensions of L2 Proficiency ………… 25
a. Vocabulary ……… 25
b. Grammar ……… 26
c. Reading Comprehension ……… 27
C. Second Language Proficiency and Self-efficacy in Third Language Learning via Second Language ……… 28
D. Hypothesis ……… 31
CHAPTER 3 METHODS A. Research Method ……… 32
B. Research Variables Identification ……… 32
C. Research Operational Definition ……… 32
1. Self-efficacy in L3 Learning via L2 ……… 32
2. L2 Proficiency ……… 33
D. Research Subject ……… 33
Population and Sampling ……… 33
ix
1. Quantitative Method ……… 34
a. Self-efficacy in L3 learning via L2 Scale ……… 34
b. English Language Competency Test……… 36
2. Qualitative Method ……… 36
a. Interview ……… 36
b. Observation ……… 37
F. Validity and reliability ……… 37
G. Data Analysis Method ……… 37
CHAPTER 4 RESEARCH PREPARATION AND EXECUTION A. Research Setting ……… 38
1. Survey ……… 38
2. Research Permission ……… 39
3. Data Gathering Method ……… 39
B. Measuring Instrument Analysis ……… 40
C. Research Execution ……… 41
CHAPTER 5 RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS A. Quantitative Research Results ……… 45
1. Assumption Test and Significance Rate ………… 45
a. Normality Test ……… 45
b. Linearity Test ……… 46
2. Hypothesis Testing ……… 46
B. Qualitative Research Results ……… 47
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a. Subject Identity ……… 47
b. Observation Result Summary ……… 47
c. Interview Result Summary ……… 48
d. Subject 1 Case Analysis ……… 51
2. Subject 2 ……… 56
a. Subject Identity ……… 56
b. Observation Result Summary ……… 56
c. Interview Result Summary ……… 57
d. Subject 2 Case Analysis ……… 60
3. Subject 3 ……… 66
a. Subject Identity ……… 66
b. Observation Result Summary ……… 66
c. Interview Result Summary ……… 67
d. Subject 3 Case Analysis ……… 69
4. Subject 4 ……… 76
a. Subject Identity ……… 76
b. Observation Result Summary ……… 76
c. Interview Result Summary ……… 77
d. Subject 4 Case Analysis ……… 79
5. Subject 5 ……… 85
a. Subject Identity ……… 85
b. Observation Result Summary ……… 85
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d. Subject 5 Case Analysis ……… 89
C. Discussions ……… 95
CHAPTER 6 CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS A. Conclusions ……… 99
B. Recommendations ……… 99
1. For Research Subjects ……… 99
2. For Future Research ……… 100
xii
LIST OF TABLES
1. Table 2 ……… 17
2. Table 3.1 ……… 35
3. Table 3.2 ……… 35
4. Table 4.1 ……… 41
5. Table 4.2 ……… 44
6. Table 5.2.1 ……… 54
7. Table 5.2.2 ……… 64
8. Table 5.2.3 ……… 74
9. Table 5.2.4 ……… 83
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LIST OF FIGURES
1. Figure 2.1 ……… 6
2. Figure 2.2 ……… 9
3. Figure 2.3 ……… 27
4. Figure 2.4 ……… 30
5. Figure 5.2.1 ……… 55
6. Figure 5.2.2 ……… 65
7. Figure 5.2.3 ……… 75
8. Figure 5.2.4 ……… 84
xiv
LIST OF APPENDIX
APPENDIX A
A.1 English Proficiency Test ……… 106
A.2 Intro & Self-efficacy Scale ……… 112 APPENDIX B
B.1 English Proficiency TestData ……… 118
B.2 Self-efficacy Scale Data ……… 121
APPENDIX C
Self-efficacy Validity and Reliability Testing ……… 124
APPENDIX D
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H.4 Subject 4 Interview Result ……… 161 H.5 Subject 5 Interview Result ……… 166 APPENDIX I
I.1 Research Permit ……… 174
