VII.ORGANIZING INTERNATIONAL OPERATION
Tujuan Bahasan
1. Membahas tipe-tipe struktur organisasi yang digunakan dalam operasi internasional.
2. Menganalisis kelemahan dan kelebihan setiap tipe
Struktur organisasi
3. Menggambarkan penyusunan organisasi nontradisional yang meliputi merger, joint venture dan keiretsu.
Strukture Organisasi dasar
Keberhasilan perusahaan internasional dapat
dipengaruhi struktur secara keseluruhan dan
desain operasi.Memilih struktur organisasi yang tepat tergantung beberapa faktor :
1. Keinginan home office mengendalikan operasi luar negerinya.
2. Permintaan di luar negeri. 3. Orang yang bekerja disana.
Organizational Consequences of Internationalization
Low High
Pressure for Local Responsivenes
Initial Division Structure
Chief Executive Officer
Production Marketing Finance Personnel
V.P International Operation
Egypt Australia Argentina France J a p a n
Home office Department
An International Division Structure
Chief Executive Officer
Production Marketing Finance Personel
Domestic Division: Paint
Domestic Division: Tools
Domestic Division:
Office
Operation Marketing
Government Relation
Home Office Depart.
Global Structural Arrangement
GLOBAL PRODUCT DIVISION
GLOBAL AREA DIVISION
GLOBAL FUNCTIONAL DIVISION
A Global Product Division Structure
Chief Executive Officer
Production Marketing Finance Personn
el
Product Division A
Product Division B
Product Division C
Product Division D
Product Division E
South America
Africa Europe australia Far East
Production Marketing Finance Personnel Great Britain France
German Italy
Netherlands
Home Office Department
A Global Area Division Structure
Chief Executive Officer
Production Marketing Finance Personnel
North America
South America
Europe Asia Africa
Great Britain
France
Germany
Italy
Netherlands
Home Office Department
Global Functional Division
Chief Executive
Officer
Production Marketing Finance
Domestic Production
Product A Product B Product C Product D
Foreign Production
Product A Product B Product C Product D
Domestic Production
Product A Product B Product C Product D
Foreign Production
Recent, Nontraditional
Orgnaizational
Arrangement
A Multinational Matrix Structure
A multinational matrix structure
CEO
Production Marketing Finance Personel
Industrial Goods Europe North Americca
Manager, Industrial Goods
North America
Manager, Industrial Goods
Europe (partial organization part)
Home office department
ORGANIZATIONAL CHARACTERISTICS
OF MNCs
Formalization
Specialization
-1.Horizontal Specialization -2.Vertical Specialization
Formalization
Is the use of define structure and systems
in
Decision making, communicating and
controlling
Specialization
Is the assining of individuals to specific,
Well-defined tasks.
a. Horizontal Specialization
assign job so that individuals are given a particular function
to perform, and people tend to stay within the confines of
this area.
b. Vertical Specialization
assign work to group or department where individual are collectively responsible for performance. It is also
characterized distinct differences between levels in
Centralization
Is a management syastem under which important are Made at the top.
Decentralization
