NATIONAL ENERGY SITUATION AND
STUDY OF BIOMASS POTENTIAL FOR
SUSTAINABLE
ELECTRIC POWER GENERATION
INDONESIAN CASE
Energy Conversion Research Group
Institute Technology of Bandung
Makuhari, Oct 13, 2006
Aryadi Suwono
OUTLINE
• INDONNESIAN ENERGY SITUATION AND POLICY
• STUDY ON BIOMASS ENERGY POTENSIAL FOR
INDONNESIAN
ENERGY DATA UPDATE
TYPE ENERGY SOURCE THEORETICAL RESOURCE PROVEN RESERVE PRODUCTION RES/PROD RATIO Oil 86.9 billion barrels 5.8 billion barrels 0.5 billion barrels/year 11 Years Natural Gas 384.7 TSCF 90 TSCF 2.9 TSCF/year 30 Years Coal 50 billion tones 5 billion tones 0.1 billion tones/year 50 YearsTYPE OF ENERGY SOURCE
THEORETICAL RESOURCE
EQUIVALENT UTILIZATION INSTALLED CAPACITY Hydro 75,670 MW 845 Millions BOE 6,851 GWh 4,200 MW Geothermal 27,000 MW 219 Million BOE 2,593.5 GWh 800 MW
Mini/Micro hydro 712 MW 206 MW
Biomass 49,810 MW 302 MW
Solar 4.8 kWh/m2/day 5 MW
BALANSE OF FOSSIL ENERGY
PRODUKSI
1125
EKSPOR
514
PASOKAN
DALAM NEGERI
611
IMPOR
487
PETROLEUM 2004 (MBOEPD)
PRODUKSI
8.35
EKSPOR
4.88
DOMESTIK
3.47
NATURAL GAS 2004 (BSCFPD)
PRODUKSI
131,72
EKSPOR
92,50
DOMESTIK
32,91
Grissik Palembang Semarang Pacific AUSTRALIA Indian Ocean Bangkok Phnom Penh Ban Mabtapud Ho Chi Minh City CAMBODIA VIETNAM THAILAND LAOS Khanon Songkhla Erawan Bangkot Lawit Jerneh WEST MALAYSIA Penang Kerteh Kuala Lumpur Manila Philipines South China Sea NatunaAlpha Kota Kinibalu BRUNEI Bandara Seri Begawan Bintul u EAST MALAYSIA Kuching Banda Aceh Lhokseumawe Medan Duri S U M A T R A Jambi Bintan SINGAPORE Samarinda Balikpapan Bontang Attaka Tunu Bekapai KALIMANTAN Banjarmasin Manado SULAWESI BURU SERAM Ternate Sorong IRIA Jakarta J A V A Surabaya Bangkalan BALI SUMBAWA LOMBOK FLORES SUMBA TIMOR Duyong West Natuna Mogpu Dumai Batam Guntong MADURA
OIL REFINERY AND TRANSPORTATION
Bandung Yogyakarta
Transit Terminal
Pipeline Distributi
Tanker
Oil Refinery
P. Brandan: 5 MBOPD Balongan : 125 MBOPD Kasim : 10 MBOPD Musi 135.20 MBOPD Balikpapan : 260 MBOPD Ujung Pandang Pagerungan HALMAHERATOTAL REFINERY CAPACIT
1,057,000 BOPD
Cepu : 3.80 MBOPD S.Pakning : 50 MBOPD Cilacap: 348 MBOPD Dumai : 120 MBOPD Padang Port Klang Port DicksonI N D O N E S I A
Grissik Palembang
Semarang
NATURAL GAS RESERVE AND PIPING
TRAN
Pacific AUSTRALIA Indian Ocean Bangkok Phnom Penh Ban Mabtapud Ho Chi Minh City CAMBODIA VIETNAM THAILAND LAOS Khanon Songkhla Erawan Bangkot Lawit Jerneh WEST MALAYSIA Penang Kerteh Kuala Lumpur Manila Philipines South China Sea Sin g ap o re G as Tru n klin e NatunaAlpha Kota Kinibalu BRUNEI Bandara Seri Begawan Bintul u EAST MALAYSIA Kuching Banda Aceh Lhokseumawe Medan Duri Padang S U M A T R A Jambi Bintan SINGAPORE Samarinda Balikpapan Bontang LNG Plant& Export Terminal Attaka Tunu Bekapai KALIMANTAN Banjarmasin Manado SULAWESI Ujung Pandang BURU SERAM Ternate HALMAHERA Sorong IRIA Jakarta J A V A SurabayaBangkalan BALI SUMBAWA Pagerungan LOMBOK Cirebon FLORES SUMBA TIMOR
I N D O N E S I A
Duyong West Natuna Port Dickson Port Klang Mogpu Dumai Batam Guntong 52,081 3,896 728 3,220 14,260 5,190 31,814 3,654 14,782GAS RESERVE 2P (BSCF)
TOTAL RESERVES
2P : 134,015.5 BSCF
0,11 3,00Resources Ardjuna Fields MADURA 4,289 Existing Pipelin Planned PipeliTRANS ASEAN GAS PIPELINE (TAGP)
INDONESIA MALAYSIA PHILIPPINES VIETNAM THAILAND LAOS MYANMAR CAMBODIASouth China Sea
Banda Sea Celebes Sea Andaman Sea Gulf of Thailand Straits of Malacca INDIAN OCEAN Java Sea CHINA 3 1 2 5 4 Philippine Sea PACIFIC OCEAN LEGENDS Existing Pipeline Future Pipline Possible Interrconnections Trans-ASEAN Interconnections 1. Dumai to Malacca 2. West Natuna to Duyong
3. East Natuna to Bangkok via Duyong and Bongkot
4. East Natuna to Luzon via Brunei 5. Block B to Bangkok via Bongkot 6. Pauh to Arun
6
COAL RESERVE AND TERMINAL
KALIMANTAN SULAWESI IRIAN JS
U
M
A
T
R
A
JAVA Tarahan 40.000 Pulau Baai 35.000 Kertapati 10.000 Teluk Bayur 35.000 Tanjung Redep* 5.000 Tanjung Bara 200.000 B l o r o* 8.000 Loa Tebu* 8.000 Balikpapan 60.000 Tanah Merah 20.000North Pulau Laut 150.000 IBT – 70.000
Sembilang* 7.500 Air Tawar* 7.500 Banjarmasin* 10.000
South Pulau Laut 200.000 S a t u i* 5.000 Kelanis* 10.000
Catatan :
* River Terminal
55.1
5.09.3
10.6
12.2
COAL RESERVE (%)
THERETICAL = 58 BILLION TON PROVEN = 6.9 billion ton MEASURED = 12.4 billion ton TOTAL = 19.3 billion ton R/P = 147 years
Grissik Palembang Semarang Pacific AUSTRALIA Indian Ocean Bangkok Phnom Penh Ban Mabtapud Ho Chi Minh City CAMBODIA VIETNAM THAILAND LAOS Khanon Songkhla Erawan Bangkot Lawit Jerneh WEST MALAYSIA Penang Kerteh Kuala Lumpur Manila Philipines South China Sea NatunaAlpha Kota Kinibalu BRUNEI Bandara Seri Begawan Bintul u EAST MALAYSIA Kuching Banda Aceh Lhokseumawe Medan Duri Padang S U M A T R A Jambi Bintan SINGAPORE Samarinda Balikpapan Bontang Attaka Tunu Bekapai KALIMANTAN Banjarmasin Manado SULAWESI Ujung Pandang BURU SERAM Ternate HALMAHERA Sorong IRIA Jakarta J A V A Surabaya Bangkalan BALI SUMBAWA Pagerungan LOMBOK FLORES SUMBA TIMOR
I N D O N E S I A
Duyong West Natuna Port Dickson Port Klang Mogpu Dumai Batam Guntong MADURAELECTRIC POWER GENERATION AND TRANSMISION GRID
TOTALCAPACITY
24,000 MW
Total Jawa Bali : 18,500 MW Total Sumatera : 3,200 MW Total Kalimantan : 800 MW Total Sulawesi : 650 MW Existing Transm Planned Transm Power Plant
ROADMAP OF NUCLEAR ENERGY DEVELOPEMENT 2000-2025
2000
2020
Erection
NPP-1
Energy
Planning with
Inclusion of
Nuclear
Energy
Decission
Go for NPP
Tender
NPP 1&2
Operate
NPP-1
2005
2010
2015
Sosializatio of NPP2025
Konstruksi
PLTN-2
Establishment
“Owner”
Operate
NPP-2
Operate
NPP-4
Operate
NPP-3
Erection
NPP-3
Konstruksi
PLTN-4
Tender
NPP 3&4
TARGET OF NATIONAL ENERGY MIX IN 2025
ENERGI MIX NASIONAL TAHUN 2025 (SKENARIO BaU) Minyak bumi 41.7% Gas bumi 20.6% Batubara 34.6% PLTA 1.9% Panas bumi 1.1% PLTMH 0.1%
ENERGI MIX NASIONAL TAHUN 2025 (SKENARIO OPTIMALISASI) PLTMH 0.216% Biofuel 1.335% Tenaga surya 0.020% Tenaga angin 0.028% Fuel cell 0.000% Biomassa 0.766% Nuklir 1.993% Gas bumi 30.6% Minyak bumi 26.2% Other 4.4% Panas bumi 3.8% PLTA 2.4% Batubara 32.7% OPTIMALISASI PENGELOLAAN ENERGI
ENERGI (PRIMER) MIX NASIONAL TAHUN 2003
Minyak bumi 54.4% Gas bumi 26.5% Batubara 14.1% PLTA 3.4% Panas bumi 1.4% EBT Lainnya 0.2%
STUDY ON BIOMASS ENERGY
POTENSIAL FOR ELECTRICAL POWER
GENERATION
BACKGROUND
• Increasing demand of electricity, presently electrification ratio
0.53
• Need for decreasing the consumption of fossil fuel
• High potentially available renewable energy sources:
• Approx. 160.000 MW (excluding solar energy)
• Only 5200 MW has been utilized
• Approx. 45.000 MW biomass energy potential
• Willingness of Indonesian Government and PLN to utilize the
renewable energy sources
POTENTIAL OF NEW & RENEWABLE ENERGY
SOURCES IN INDONESIA
NO
ENERGY SOURCES
POTENTIAL
INSTALLED
CAPACITY
%
1
Hydro (Incl. small
scale)
75.450 MW
4.264 MW
±
5,6 %
2
Geothermal
20.000 MW
802 MW
±
4,1 %
3
Alternative Energy
Biomass
Equivalent
50.000 MW
302 MW
Solar
4,8 kWh/m2/day
Equivalent
± 5 MW
Wind
Equivalent
450 MW
Equivalent
± 0,5 MW
Sea wave
10 – 35 MW per
PLN FUTURE PLAN
Tonny Agus, Deputy Director for Primary Energy, Workshop on Biomass
for Sustainable Electric Power Generation, March 1, 2005
1. To empower current PLN renewable energy generator
2. To build renewable energy power plant based on current
studis
3. To construct commercially potential renewable energy
map
4. To study the renewable energy feasibility, technically and
economically, to replace fossil fuel energy
RENEWABLE ENERGY DEVELOPMENT POLICY
Tonny Agus, Deputy Director for Primary Energy, Workshop on Biomass for
Sustainable Electric Power Generation, March 1, 2005
Ministry of Energy and Mineral Resources Regulation No.1122
K/30/MEM/2002 about Small Scale Power Plant (up to 1000
kW) has already been published --Æ
updated to 15 MW
Developer has to fulfill technical and operational requirement
of local PLN
If future development location has already been studied by
PLN, further discussion with fair partnership spirit has to be
held
PLN is supporting the developer which will develop the small
scale power plant potential as long as fulfilling the technical
and operational requirement of PLN
It is preferable for PLN that the capacity can be flexibly
increased, for example from 1000 kW to 10.000 kW
The consequence is that the Ministry Regulation may be
revised.
Ministry of Energy and Mineral Resources
Regulation No. 1122.K/30/MEM/2002
About Small Scale Power Plant (scattered PSK)
Operator
: Small scale business (as shown in UU No.9, 1995 )
Energy Sources : Renewable Energy (wind, sun, mini/micro hydro, waste,
geothermal, etc.)
Capacity
: max. 1 MW/power plant ---Æ
currently is updated to 15 MW
Location
: reachable by PLN network on medium/low voltage (on-grid)
Electric power selling price as shown in paragraph 13 Ministry of Energy and
Mineral Resources Decree No. 1122.K/30/MEM/2002, are :
a. 0.8 times HPP medium voltage if interconnected to Medium Voltage Network
b. 0.6 times HPP low voltage if interconnected to Low Voltage Network
STUDY ON BIOMASS AS ALTERNATIVE ENERGY
FOR ELECTRIC POWER PLANT
Data and
information
Collection
Survey on Biomass
Energy Potential
Evaluation on
Biomass Utilization
Technology
Evaluation on
financial assistant
scheme
Workshop: Inputs
from related
institutions
Analysis
Output:
Biomass Energy map
Design requirement
of Biomass Power
Generation plant
(PLTBM)
Business Plan of
PLTBM
Policy and
Regulation Required
Data base for FS
Comparison of Exisiting Electric Power Generation and Biomass Electric Energy Potential 0 10000 20000 30000 40000 50000 60000 70000
Maluku Papua Bali NTB NTT Sulaw esi Kalimantan Sumatera Jaw a
GW
h
Comparison of Existing Install Capacity and Biomass Electric Energy Potential 0 1000 2000 3000 4000 5000 6000
Maluku Papua Bali NTB NTT Sulaw esi Kalimantan Sumatera Jaw a
MW
Potensi Kapasitas Listrik Biomassa Kapasitas Terpasang PLTD 2002 Kapasitas Terpasang PLTU 2002
Kapasitas Terpasang PLTA 2002 Kapasitas Terpasang PLTG 2002 Kapasitas Terpasang PLTP 2002
