ABSTRAK
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui perubahan karakteristik beberapa sifat kimia tanah yang ditanami kelapa sawit pada beberapa generasi tanam. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada bulan Juli 2016 sampai Januari 2017, menggunakan metode survey dengan analisis deskriptif yaitu melakukan survei dan pengambilan sample tanah berdasarkan generasi tanam dengan 3 ulangan yang diuji dengan uji t. Analisis sampel tanah dilakukan di Laboratorium Riset dan Teknologi Fakultas Pertanian USU, parameter yang diamati meliputi pH
tanah, C-Organik Tanah, N-Total Tanah, P-Total Tanah, K-Total Tanah dan KTK ( Kapasitas Tukar Kation),
Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa karakterisik sifat kimia tanah di Kebun Adolina Kabupaten Serdang Bedagai menurut generasi tanamnya yaitu pada pH tanah sangat masam sampai agak masam, C – Organik sangat rendah sampai rendah, N-total tanah sangat rendah sampai sedang, P-total tanah sangat tinggi, K-total tanah sangat rendah dan KTK tanah sangat rendah sampai rendah. Perubahan karakteristik sifat kima tanah yang sangat nyata terlihat pada nilai pH tanah yang semakin menurun (semakin masam), begitu pula dengan nilai C-Organik, nilai N-Total tanah, nilai P-Total tanah, nilai K-Total tanah, dan nilai KTK tanah cenderung menurun dengan semakin lamanya generasi tanam.
Kata Kunci : Sifat Kimia Tanah, Generasi Tanam, Tanaman Kelapa Sawit (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.)
ABSTRACT
This study aimed to determine changes in the characteristics of some of the chemical properties of soil planted with palm oil on several generations of planting. The research was conducted in July 2016 to January 2017, using a survey method with descriptive analysis is to do survey and soil sampling based generation plant with 3 replications were tasted by t-test. Analysis of soil sample carried out in the Laboratory of Research and Thecnology Faculty of Agriculture University of North Sumatera. The observed parameters include pH, Organic Carbon,Total of N, Total of P, Total of K, and CEC (Cation Exchange Capacity).
The results showed that the characteristic of the chemical properties of soil in Adolina Plantation Serdang Bedagai by generation of cropping that the
soil pH is very acidic to less acidic, C - Organic is very low to low, Total of N soil
is very low to moderate Total of P soil is very high , Total of K soil is very low
and the CEC is very low to low. Changes in the characteristic properties of clams
soil is very evident in the value of soil pH decreased (more acidic), as well as the
value of C-Organic, the value Total of N soil, the value Total of P soil, the value
total of K soil, and the value of CEC soil tends to decrease with the length of the
growing generation.
Key Words : Soil Chemical Properties, Plant Generation, Palm Oil (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.)
