T C A R T S B A . A T A K A S U L A T Y L L I
B Lieutenan tTonder’ sCharacterisitc sunder the s ’ k c e b n i e t S n h o J n i n e e S s a s g n it t e S f o e c n e u lf n
I The Moon i s
. n w o
D Yogyakatra :Depa trmen to fEngilsh Letters ,Facutly o fLetters ,Sanata . 3 1 0 2 , y ti s r e v i n U a m r a h D , d e lt it n e s l e v o n s ’ k c e b n i e t S n h o J f o e n o s e z y l a n a s i s e h t s i h
T The Moon i s
n w o
D .The wrtie rdiscusse sthe in lfuence o fsetitng stoward Lieutenan tTonder s i o h w l e v o n s i h t n i s r e t c a r a h c r o j a m f o e n o s i r e d n o T t n a n e t u e i L . s c it s ir e t c a r a h c . r e d n o T t n a n e t u e i L o t t c e f f e t a e r g e v i g s g n it t e s e h T . n w o t a r e u q n o c o t d e n g i s s a t n a n e t u e i L d r a w o t s g n it t e s f o e c n e u lf n i e h t t u o g n i d n if n o s e s u c o f r e ti r w e h T r a h c s ’ r e d n o
T acteirsitc .s
n o it a z ir e t c a r a h c e h t t u o b a s i m e l b o r p t s ri f e h T . s m e l b o r p e e r h t s a h s i s e h t s i h T l e v o N e h t f o s g n it t e s e h t w o h s i m e l b o r p d n o c e s e h T . r e d n o T t n a n e t u e i L f o e h t e c n e u lf n i l e v o n e h t f o s g n it t e s e h t w o h t u o b a s i m e l b o r p t s a l e h T . d e b ir c s e d h c r o j a
m aracte rLieutenan tTonde.r
e r a e r e h T . h c a o r p p a m s i c it ir C w e N s e s u r e ti r w e h t , y d u t s s i h t p o l e v e d o T . s i s e h t s i h t n i d e il p p a g n it t e s d n a n o it a z ir e t c a r a h c , r e t c a r a h c n o s e ir o e h t e m o s h t f o d e t a l u m r o f s m e l b o r p e e r h t e h t r e w s n a o t e li h w h tr o w e r a s e ir o e h t e s o h
T i s
.s i s e h t t s ri f e h T . y d u t s s i h t f o t l u s e r e h t s a s n o i s u l c n o c t n a tr o p m i e e r h t e r a e r e h T , c it n a m o r s a h r e d n o T t n a n e t u e i L t a h t s e d u l c n o c r e ti r w e h t s i n o i s u l c n o c .s c it s ir e t c a r a h c l u f r a e f d n a k a e w , l a t n e m it n e s d n a e m it f o g n it t e s e h t s i n o i s u l c n o c d n o c e s e h
T thesetitng so fsocia loft hi s e h T . s c it s ir e t c a r a h c s ’ r e d n o T t n a n e t u e i L g n i c n e u lf n i n o it u b ir t n o c g i b a s a h l e v o n n w o t e h t g n ir e v o c l l a f w o n s y v a e h e r a e r e h T . r e t n i w e h t d n u o r a s i e m it f o g n it t e s l e v o n s i h t f o s g n it t e s l a i c o s e h T . r e t a e h w d l o c s e t a e r c h c i h
w revealt hatt hepeople
d e c n i v n o c y e h T . r e d a v n i e h t t s n i a g a t n e m n r e v o g r i e h t o t l a y o l e r a n w o t e h t n i . y t e i c o s s u o r e g n a d d n a d il o s e r a y e h t t a h t m e h t t c e f f e n i a tr e c a e v a h l e v o n e h t n i s g n it t e s e h t t a h t s w o h s n o i s u l c n o c d ri h t e h T e t u e i L f o e p a h s e h t d r a w o
t nan tTonder’ scharacteirsitcs .The setitng of t he itme y t e i c o s s u o il l e b e r d n u o r a s i h c i h w y t e i c o s f o g n it t e s e h t d n a r e t n i w e h t n i s i h c i h w e r a h c i h w m i h l a e r s i h s l a e v e r t I . s c it s ir e t c a r a h c s ’ r e d n o T t n a n e t u e i L e c n e u lf n i a e f d n a k a e w , l a t n e m it n e s , c it n a m o
r rfu.l
T C A R T S B A . A T A K A S U L A T Y L L I
B Lieutenan tTonder’ sCharacterisitc sUnder the s ’ k c e b n i e t S n h o J n i n e e S s a s g n it t e S f o e c n e u lf n
I The Moon i s
. n w o
D Yogyakatra :Jurusan Sasrta Ingg irs ,Fakutla sSasrta ,Universtia sSanata . 3 1 0 2 , a m r a h D l a n a g n e m n i i s p ir k
S isa salah satu nove lJohn Steinbeck syang bejrudu lThe . n w o D s i n o o
M Penuil smembahas t entang bagaimana seitng-seitng yang t ejrad i r e t k a r a k u t a s h a l a s h a l a d a r e d n o T n a n t e L . r e d n o T n a n t e L r e t k a r a k i h u r a g n e p m e m k u t n u n a k s a g u t i d g n a y , i n i l e v o n m a l a d i d a m a t
u menaklukkan sebuah kota .
n a k t a s u m e m s il u n e P . r e d n o T n a n t e L p a d a h r e t r a s e b h u r a g n e p r e b m e m g n it e S g n it e s h u r a g n e p n a k i a r u g n e m k u t n u n a it a h r e
p -seitng terhadap karakte rLetnan .r e d n o T a n a m i a g a b g n a t n e t h a l a d a a m a tr e p g n a Y . n a u j u t a g it i k il i m e m i n i i s p ir k S a
k rakteirsas iLetnan Tonder .Yang kedua adalah bagaimana seitng-seitng nove l g n it e s a n a m i a g a b g n a t n e t h a l a d a a g it e k g n a Y . n a k r a b m a g i d i n
i -seitngd inoveli n i
.r e d n o T n a n t e L a m a t u r e t k a r a k i h u r a g n e p m e m a k e d n e p n a k a n u g g n e m s il u n e p , i n i i s p ir k s t a u k r e p m e m k u t n
U tan New
n a d i s a s ir e t k a r a k , r e t k a r a k i r o e t i tr e p e s a y n n i a l i r o e t a p a r e b e b a d A . m s i c it ir C ir o e T . i n i i s p ir k s m a l a d n a k p a r e t i d g n a y g n it e
s -teor itersebu tsanga tberguna .i n i i s p ir k s m a l a d i d n a k s u m u r i d h a l e t g n a y n a u j u t a g it b a w a j n e m k u t n u e k k o k o p a g it a d
A simpulan penitng dar ihasi lskirpsi i ni .Kesimpulan yang i k il i m e m r e d n o T t n a n e t u e i L a w h a b n a k l u p m i y n e m s il u n e p h a l a d a a m a tr e p . t u k a n e p n a d h a m e l ,l a t n e m it n e s ,s it n a m o r g n a y k it s ir e t a r a k g n it e s n a d u t k a w g n it e s h a l a d a a u d e k g n a y n a l u p m i s e
K -seitngsosia ldidalam
n a n t e L r e t k a r a k i h u r a g n e p m e m m a l a d r a s e b g n a y i s u b ir t n o k i a y n u p m e m i n i l e v o n u jl a s k u r u b t a g n a s g n a y n i g n i d m i s u m i s i d n o k m a l a d i d a jr e t u t k a w g n it e S . r e d n o T g n it e S . n i g n i d t a g n a s i s i d n o k t a u b m e m n a d k a y n a b t a g n a s n a g n e d n u r u
t -seitng
m a l a d i d l a i c o
s nove ldigambarkan bahwapenduduk kota t ersebu tseita t erhadap g n it e s i r a D . k a t n o r e b m e m g n a y t a k a r a y s a m n a d a y n h a t n ir e m e
p -seitng in ipara
n a k n i k a y e m a k e r e m , u b r e y n e p a r a p n a w a l e m k a t n o r e b m e m a t o k a t o k k u d u d n e p h o k o k t a g n a s k u d u d n e p a r a p a w h a b u b r e y n e p a r a
p dan masyaraka t yang
. a y a h a b r e b g n it e s h a l a d a a g it e k g n a y n a l u p m i s e
K -seitngyangt erdapa td inove lmemiilk i a d a r e b g n a y u t k a w g n it t e S . r e d n o T n a n t e L k it s ir e t k a r a k p a d a h r e t s u s u h k h u r a g n e p a k i h u r a g n e p m e m n a g n u k g n il l a i c o s g n it e s n a d n i g n i d m i s u m h a g n e t i
d rakteirsitk
k it s ir e t k a r a k a k u b m e m i n i l a h a g g n i h e S . r e d n o T n a n t e
L -nya yang romanitc ,
E
H
T
R
E
D
N
U
S
C
I
T
S
I
R
E
T
C
A
R
A
H
C
S
’
R
E
D
N
O
T
T
N
A
N
E
T
U
E
I
L
N
I
N
E
E
S
S
A
S
G
N
I
T
T
E
S
F
O
E
C
N
E
U
L
F
N
I
S
’
K
C
E
B
N
I
E
T
S
N
H
O
J
T
H
E
M
O
O
N
I
S
D
O
W
N
S I S E H T E T A U D A R G R E D N U N A
s t n e m e ri u q e R e h t f o t n e m ll if l u F l a it r a P s a d e t n e s e r P
f o e e r g e D e h t r o
f SarjanaSastra
s r e tt e L h s il g n E n i
y B
L I
B LYTALUSAKATA
4 1 2 4 7 0 : r e b m u N t n e d u t
S 0 78
E M M A R G O R P Y D U T S S R E T T E L H S I L G N E
S R E T T E L H S I L G N E F O T N E M T R A P E D
S R E T T E L F O Y T L U C A F
Y T I S R E V I N U A M R A H D A T A N A S
A T R A K A Y G O Y
3 1 0 2
i
E
H
T
R
E
D
N
U
S
C
I
T
S
I
R
E
T
C
A
R
A
H
C
S
’
R
E
D
N
O
T
T
N
A
N
E
T
U
E
I
L
N
I
N
E
E
S
S
A
S
G
N
I
T
T
E
S
F
O
E
C
N
E
U
L
F
N
I
E
B
N
I
E
T
S
N
H
O
J
C
K
’
S
T
H
E
M
O
O
N
I
S
D
O
W
N
S I S E H T E T A U D A R G R E D N U N A
s t n e m e ri u q e R e h t f o t n e m ll if l u F l a it r a P s a d e t n e s e r P
f o e e r g e D e h t r o
f SarjanaSastra
s r e tt e L h s il g n E n i
y B
A T A K A S U L A T Y L L I B
4 1 2 4 7 0 : r e b m u N t n e d u t
S 0 78
E M M A R G O R P Y D U T S S R E T T E L H S I L G N E
L G N E F O T N E M T R A P E
D ISHLETTERS
S R E T T E L F O Y T L U C A F
Y T I S R E V I N U A M R A H D A T A N A S
A T R A K A Y G O Y
ii
v i
:
o
t
d
e
t
a
c
i
d
e
d
s
i
s
i
s
e
h
t
s
i
h
T
F
,
s
r
e
t
s
i
S
,
s
t
n
e
r
a
P
d
e
v
o
l
e
b
y
M
a
m
li
y
&
T
a
t
k
i
d
e
n
e
B
e
v
o
l
s
s
e
l
d
n
e
y
M
h
i
a
a
n
d
h
e
r
f
a
m
li
y
v
N A U J U T E S R E P N A A T A Y N R E P R A B M E L
N U H A I M L I A Y R A K I S A K I L B U
P TUKKEPENTINGANAKADEMIS
: a m r a h D a t a n a S s a ti s r e v i n U a w s i s a h a m a y a s ,i n i h a w a b i d n a g n a t a d n a tr e b g n a Y
a m a
N :BillyTalusakata
a w s i s a h a M r o m o
N :074214078
n a a k a t s u p r e p a d a p e k n a k ir e b m e m a y a s , n a u h a t e g n e p u m li n a g n a b m e g n e p i m e D
m r a h D a t a n a S s a ti s r e v i n
U akarya limiahs ayayangbe jrudu:l
E F N E U L F N I E H T R E D N U S C I T S I R E T C A R A H C S ’ R E D N O T T N A N E T U E I L
S ’ K C E B N I E T S N H O J N I N E E S S A S G N I T T E S F
O THEMOONI SDOWN
n a k ir e b m e m a y a s n a i k i m e d n a g n e D . ) a d a a li b ( n a k u lr e p i d g n a y t a k g n a r e p a tr e s e B
i s r e v i n U n a a k a t s u p r e p a d a p e
k ta sSanataDharmahakuntukmenyimpan ,mengailhkan
n a k i s u b ir t s i d n e m , a t a d n a l a k g n a p k u t n e b m a l a d a y n a l o l e g n e m , n i a l k u t n e b m a l a d
k u t n u n i a l a i d e m u a t a t e n r e t n I i d a y n n a k i s a k il b u p m e m n a d , s a t a b r e t a r a c e s
u a m a y a s a d a p e k n ij i u lr e p a p n a t s i m e d a k a n a g n it n e p e
k pun membe irkan loyatl i
.s il u n e p i a g a b e s a y a s a m a n n a k m u t n a c n e m p a t e t a m a l e s a y a s a d a p e k
. a y n r a n e b e s n a g n e d t a u b a y a s i n i n a a t a y n r e p n a i k i m e D
a tr a k a y g o Y i d t a u b i D
r e b o t c o 8 : l a g g n a t a d a
P 2013
n a k a t a y n e m g n a Y
) a t a k a s u l a T y ll i B
i v
I G I R O F O T N E M E T A T
S NALITY
s i s e h t s i h t t a h t d e r a l c e d y lt s e n o h
I enitlted Lieutenan tTonder’ sCharacteris itc s
s ’ k c e b n i e t S n h o J n i n e e s s a s g n it t e S f o e c n e u lf n I e h t r e d n
U The Moon i sDown
r e h t o k r o w f o s tr a p r o s e c n e t n e s ,s e s a r h p , s a e d i n i a t n o c t o n s e o d , n e tt ir w e v a h I h c i h w
people excep tthose ctied in the quotaiton sand references ,a sa scienit ifc pape r
. d l u o h s
r e b o t c o 8 , a tr a k a y g o
Y ,2013
BillyTalusakata
ii v
E G D E L W O N K C
A MENTS
s u s e J o t e d u ti t a r g t s e t a e r g s i h e t a c i d e d o t e k il d l u o w s ’ r e ti r w e h t , ll a f o t s ri F
s t n e r a p s i h o t s e o g e d u ti t a r g t s e p e e d s ’ r e ti r w e h T . g n i h t y r e v e r o f t s ir h
C Veronika
a n a il u
Y and Yuilu sLipkian fo rthei rendles slove ,paitence ,praye rand suppo tr .
y e h
T havebeent hebes tparentsf o rhim .
o t e d u ti t a r g e r e c n i s s i h s e s s e r p x e s ’ r e ti r w e h
T Drs .Hirmawan Wjianarka ,
, . m u H .
M a shi sadvisor ,whoha sgivenhi sitme ,guidanceands uppor tdu irngw iritng
o t o g s k n a h t t x e n s ’ r e ti r w e h T . s i s e h t e t a u d a r g r e d n u s i h
t MariaAnanta Tr iS. ,S.S. ,
, d E .
M m oyc -advisor ,whoha sgivenhe ritme ,suggesiton sandconvincedhimonhi s
. s i s e h t e t a u d a r g r e d n u
, s r e t s i s s i h o t n e v i g e r a s k n a h t l a i c e p
S Beatrice Mayana ,Marry Chris itne ,
e m i r a b t a P a r a D e n n
A .Hi sendles slove Benedikta Thia and Thia’ sfamliy .The
d n a d e g a r u o c n e , s e h s i w t s e b n e v i g e v a h o h w y li m a f g i b s i H o t s k n a h t o s l a s ’ r e ti r w
. g n it ir w s i s e h t s i h t f o s s e c o r p e h t li t n u y d u t s s i h f o g n i n n i g e b e h t m o r f m i h d e tr o p p u s
,s d n e ir f t s e b s i h o t s k n a h t o s l a r e ti r w e h
T Nurvtia Wjiayan it, Hafsyah ,Josephine
i m a t U i w e
D ,Tyas ,Edwin Sugara and al l07 f irend swho alway sgive suppor tfo r
. m i h
h c i h w s i s e h t s i h t n i d e t s il t o n e r a s e m a n e s o h w l l a o t s e o g e d u ti t a r g t s a l e h T
e c n i s m e h t s t e g r o f e h t a h t n a e m t o n s e o d s i h T . e n o y b e n o n o it n e m t o n n a
c theyhave
. e fi l s i h f o t r a p n e e b
ii i v
S T N E T N O C F O E L B A T
E G A P E L T I
T .......................................................................................................... i E
G A P L A V O R P P
A ................................................................................................ ii E
G A P E C N A T P E C C
A .......................................................................................... iii E
G A P N O I T A C I D E
D ............................................................................................. vi S
T N E M G D E L W O N K C
A ...................................................................................... iiv S
T N E T N O C F O E L B A
T ........................................................................................ iiv i T
C A R T S B
A ............................................................................................................. x K
A R T S B
A .............................................................................................................. ix
N O I T C U D O R T N I : I R E T P A H
C .......................................................................... 1 a
B .
A ckgroundoft heStudy ... 1 n
o it a l u m r o F m e l b o r P .
B ... 3 y
d u t S e h t f o s e v it c e j b O .
C ... 3 s
m r e T f o n o it i n if e D .
D ... 3
W E I V E R L A C I T E R O E H T : I I R E T P A H
C ......................................................... 4 .
A Reviewo fRelatedStudies ... 4 .
B Reviewo fRelatedTheo ires ... 6 .... .
1 Theoryo fCharacter ... 6 .
2 Theoryo fCharacte irzaiton ... 7 .
3 hT eoryo fSetitng... 01 .
C Theoreitca lFramework ... 11
Y G O L O D O H T E M : I I I R E T P A H
C .................................................................. 2....1 .
A Objec toft heStudy... 21 .
B Approachoft heStudy ... 31 .
C Methodoft heStudy... 41
S I S Y L A N A : V I R E T P A H
C ................................................................................... 51 .
A TheCharacte irsitc so fLieutenan tTonder ... 51 .
1 Romanitc ... 51 .
2 Senitmental... 71 .
3 Weak ... 9..1 .
4 Fearful ... 12 .
B TheSetitngo fTheMooni sDown ... 22 .
1 Theo fPlace... 32 .
2 Theo fWinter ... 52 .
3 Thes ocials etitngo fTheMooni sDown... 82 .
4 Rebelilou sSocietyagains tHuman irght ... 82
.
5 LoyatlySocietyt ot heGovernment ... 43 .
C TheI n lfuenceoft heSetitngTowardLieutenan tTonder... 73
N O I S U L C N O C : V R E T P A H
C .............................................................................. 74
Y H P A R G O I L B I
B ................................................................................................. 0..5
: X I D N E P P
x T C A R T S B A . A T A K A S U L A T Y L L I
B Lieutenan t Tonder’ s Characteris itc s under the
s ’ k c e b n i e t S n h o J n i n e e S s a s g n it t e S f o e c n e u lf n
I TheMooni sDown.Yogyaka tra :
. 3 1 0 2 , y ti s r e v i n U a m r a h D a t a n a S , s r e tt e L f o y tl u c a F , s r e tt e L h s il g n E f o t n e m tr a p e D , d e lt it n e s l e v o n s ’ k c e b n i e t S n h o J f o e n o s e z y l a n a s i s e h t s i h
T TheMooni sDown .
r e d n o T t n a n e t u e i L d r a w o t s g n it t e s f o e c n e u lf n i e h t s e s s u c s i d r e ti r w e h T s i o h w l e v o n s i h t n i s r e t c a r a h c r o j a m f o e n o s i r e d n o T t n a n e t u e i L . s c it s ir e t c a r a h c e h T . r e d n o T t n a n e t u e i L o t t c e f f e t a e r g e v i g s g n it t e s e h T . n w o t a r e u q n o c o t d e n g i s s a s ’ r e d n o T t n a n e t u e i L d r a w o t s g n it t e s f o e c n e u lf n i e h t t u o g n i d n if n o s e s u c o f r e ti r w r a h
c acte irsitc .s
f o n o it a z ir e t c a r a h c e h t t u o b a s i m e l b o r p t s ri f e h T . s m e l b o r p e e r h t s a h s i s e h t s i h T . d e b ir c s e d l e v o N e h t f o s g n it t e s e h t w o h s i m e l b o r p d n o c e s e h T . r e d n o T t n a n e t u e i L h c r o j a m e h t e c n e u lf n i l e v o n e h t f o s g n it t e s e h t w o h t u o b a s i m e l b o r p t s a l e h
T aracte r
.r e d n o T t n a n e t u e i L e m o s e r a e r e h T . h c a o r p p a m s i c it ir C w e N s e s u r e ti r w e h t , y d u t s s i h t p o l e v e d o T e s o h T . s i s e h t s i h t n i d e il p p a g n it t e s d n a n o it a z ir e t c a r a h c , r e t c a r a h c n o s e ir o e h t h t f o d e t a l u m r o f s m e l b o r p e e r h t e h t r e w s n a o t e li h w h tr o w e r a s e ir o e h
t ist hesi .s
t s ri f e h T . y d u t s s i h t f o t l u s e r e h t s a s n o i s u l c n o c t n a tr o p m i e e r h t e r a e r e h T , l a t n e m it n e s , c it n a m o r s a h r e d n o T t n a n e t u e i L t a h t s e d u l c n o c r e ti r w e h t s i n o i s u l c n o c .s c it s ir e t c a r a h c l u f r a e f d n a k a e w d n a e m it f o g n it t e s e h t s i n o i s u l c n o c d n o c e s e h
T the setitng so fsocia lo fthi s
e h T . s c it s ir e t c a r a h c s ’ r e d n o T t n a n e t u e i L g n i c n e u lf n i n o it u b ir t n o c g i b a s a h l e v o n n w o t e h t g n ir e v o c l l a f w o n s y v a e h e r a e r e h T . r e t n i w e h t d n u o r a s i e m it f o g n it t e s l e v o n s i h t f o s g n it t e s l a i c o s e h T . r e t a e h w d l o c s e t a e r c h c i h
w revealt hatt he peoplei n
t a h t m e h t d e c n i v n o c y e h T . r e d a v n i e h t t s n i a g a t n e m n r e v o g r i e h t o t l a y o l e r a n w o t e h t . y t e i c o s s u o r e g n a d d n a d il o s e r a y e h t t c e f f e n i a tr e c a e v a h l e v o n e h t n i s g n it t e s e h t t a h t s w o h s n o i s u l c n o c d ri h t e h T e t u e i L f o e p a h s e h t d r a w o
t nan tTonder’ scharacte irsitcs .Thes etitngoft he itmewhich
e c n e u lf n i y t e i c o s s u o il l e b e r d n u o r a s i h c i h w y t e i c o s f o g n it t e s e h t d n a r e t n i w e h t n i s i , c it n a m o r e r a h c i h w m i h l a e r s i h s l a e v e r t I . s c it s ir e t c a r a h c s ’ r e d n o T t n a n e t u e i L a e f d n a k a e w , l a t n e m it n e
s rfu.l
i x T C A R T S B A . A T A K A S U L A T Y L L I
B Lieutenan t Tonder’ sCharacteris itc s Under the
s ’ k c e b n i e t S n h o J n i n e e S s a s g n it t e S f o e c n e u lf n
I TheMooni sDown.Yogyaka tra :
. 3 1 0 2 , a m r a h D a t a n a S s a ti s r e v i n U , a rt s a S s a tl u k a F , s ir g g n I a rt s a S n a s u r u J l a n a g n e m n i i s p ir k
S isas alahs atunovelJ ohnSteinbeck syangbejrudu lTheMoon
. n w o D s
i Penu il s membaha s tentang bagaimana seitng-seitng yang te jrad i r e t k a r a k u t a s h a l a s h a l a d a r e d n o T n a n t e L . r e d n o T n a n t e L r e t k a r a k i h u r a g n e p m e m k u t n u n a k s a g u t i d g n a y , i n i l e v o n m a l a d i d a m a t
u menaklukkan sebuah kota .Seitng
n a it a h r e p n a k t a s u m e m s il u n e P . r e d n o T n a n t e L p a d a h r e t r a s e b h u r a g n e p r e b m e m g n it e s h u r a g n e p n a k i a r u g n e m k u t n
u -seitngt erhadapkarakte rLetnanTonde .r
a n a m i a g a b g n a t n e t h a l a d a a m a tr e p g n a Y . n a u j u t a g it i k il i m e m i n i i s p ir k S a
k rakte irsas iLetnan Tonder .Yang kedua adalah bagaimana seitng-seitng nove lin i g n it e s a n a m i a g a b g n a t n e t h a l a d a a g it e k g n a Y . n a k r a b m a g i
d -seitng d i nove l in i
.r e d n o T n a n t e L a m a t u r e t k a r a k i h u r a g n e p m e m a k e d n e p n a k a n u g g n e m s il u n e p , i n i i s p ir k s t a u k r e p m e m k u t n
U tanNewC iritcism .
i d g n a y g n it e s n a d i s a s ir e t k a r a k , r e t k a r a k i r o e t i tr e p e s a y n n i a l i r o e t a p a r e b e b a d A ir o e T . i n i i s p ir k s m a l a d n a k p a r e
t -teo ir t ersebu tsanga tberguna untuk menjawab itga
.i n i i s p ir k s m a l a d i d n a k s u m u r i d h a l e t g n a y n a u j u t e k k o k o p a g it a d
A simpulan penitng dar ihasi lsk irps iini .Kesimpulan yang
i k il i m e m r e d n o T t n a n e t u e i L a w h a b n a k l u p m i y n e m s il u n e p h a l a d a a m a tr e p . t u k a n e p n a d h a m e l ,l a t n e m it n e s ,s it n a m o r g n a y k it s ir e t a r a k g n it e s n a d u t k a w g n it e s h a l a d a a u d e k g n a y n a l u p m i s e
K -seitng sosia ldidalam
n a n t e L r e t k a r a k i h u r a g n e p m e m m a l a d r a s e b g n a y i s u b ir t n o k i a y n u p m e m i n i l e v o n u jl a s k u r u b t a g n a s g n a y n i g n i d m i s u m i s i d n o k m a l a d i d a jr e t u t k a w g n it e S . r e d n o T g n it e S . n i g n i d t a g n a s i s i d n o k t a u b m e m n a d k a y n a b t a g n a s n a g n e d n u r u
t -seitngsocia l
m a l a d i
d nove l digambarkan bahwa penduduk kota tersebu t seita terhadap
g n it e s i r a D . k a t n o r e b m e m g n a y t a k a r a y s a m n a d a y n h a t n ir e m e
p -seitng in i para
a r a p n a k n i k a y e m a k e r e m , u b r e y n e p a r a p n a w a l e m k a t n o r e b m e m a t o k a t o k k u d u d n e p h o k o k t a g n a s k u d u d n e p a r a p a w h a b u b r e y n e
p danmasyaraka tyangberbahaya.
g n it e s h a l a d a a g it e k g n a y n a l u p m i s e
K -seitng yang terdapa td inove lmemiilk i
i d a d a r e b g n a y u t k a w g n it t e S . r e d n o T n a n t e L k it s ir e t k a r a k p a d a h r e t s u s u h k h u r a g n e p a k i h u r a g n e p m e m n a g n u k g n il l a i c o s g n it e s n a d n i g n i d m i s u m h a g n e
t rakte irsitk
k it s ir e t k a r a k a k u b m e m i n i l a h a g g n i h e S . r e d n o T n a n t e
L -nya yang romanitc ,
1
I
R
E
T
P
A
H
C
N
O
I
T
C
U
D
O
R
T
N
I
.
A Backgroundoft heStudy
t n a w s g n i e b n a m u h l l
A l to ive i n peace. Howeve,r t hey en ve rknow wha twli l
n i n e p p a
h theril fie,t heriwo lrd ,andwha twli lhappenwtiht hericounrty .Desrtuciton
o e c a e p e h t n
i fhumans l fiemigh thappen.I tcouldbecreatedbyt hemseflbecauseo f
D . e ri s e d r i e h
t esrtucitonandwa raret wot hingst ha tcanno tbes eparated .
t a t s j i v e l a
K e stha twa ri sa decision made by eltie sand views i ta sa duel ,an
a f o n o it u c e x e e h t , e s n e f e d f l e s f o t c a n a , r o n o h d n a , y r o l g , e m a g r o f e u n e v a
9 : 1 9 9 1 ( e d i c i u s l a u t u m f o t c a n a s a r o , n o i s a u s r e p f o e u q i n h c e t a , e m ir c a , t n e m g d u
j
-.) 0
1 Thiss tatemen tclea lrystatest ha twa rhappen sand tii screateda sani nterestf o ra
.s y a w e m o s g n i s u y b t if e n e b s u o i c e r p n i a g o t ,s e s u a c l a r e v e s y b d e s u a c , y rt n u o c
d n a f e ir g , n i a p s g n ir b t i e s u a c e b r e t s a s i d d n a y ti m a l a c y l n o s i r a w a e r o m r e h tr u F
r o w e h t n i e n o y r e v e r o f w o r r o
s ld ,especially fo rthose who get i nvolved in ti .Wa r
e k a t o s l
a sanything away no tonly weatlh and happines sbu talso human lfie .Wa r
.s m it c i v f o s t o l s e k a t ti d n a n a m u h r o f s e g a t n a v d a s i d s g n ir b
d e v l o v n i e r a o h w e l p o e p s m e l b o r p e s o h t n i n e e s s
A in i twli lexpe irence many
r o s i h o t d e t a l e r t a h t s m e l b o r
p he rlfie ,especially a sa soldie rin a wa rcondiiton .
e h
T se problem soccurint hehumanpersona lwhicha saconquero randt hosewhoare
. d e r e u q n o c g n i e b
s
A in the Grea tWar ,Wo lrd Wa rII i sone of the most i mpo tran tevents i n 20th
s e v l o v n i r a w s i h T . y r u t n e
c almos t al l count ire s in the wo lrd . Thi s even t i s
. a i d e m d e t n ir p r o l a u s i v y n a y b d e t a r o m e m m o
c eT th heme o fwa rha sin lfuenced
m e h t f o e n o , ti n o d e s a b k r o w y r a r e ti l e k a m o t l e v o n f o s r o h t u a e m o
s i sJohn
t c e f f e e h t d e s o p x e t a h t I I r a W d lr o W d e t c i p e d h c i h w l e v o n a e d a m o h w k c e b n i e t S
d e lt it n e r a w f o e d i s r e h t o d n
a TheMooni sDown .
n w o D s i n o o M e h
T i sas implebu tmeaningfuls toryt hatt ell saboutt heothers ide
e s m e l b o r p n a m u h t u o b a s i tI . r a w f
o specially a soldie rlfie ,which i srepresented i n
a m e h t f o e n
o incharacte rLieutenan tTonder .Hei si nadutya sasoldiert oconque ra
n a c e h t a h t s k n i h t o s l a e H . y ll u f s s e c c u s y t u d s i h l li fl u f n a c e h t a h t s k n i h t e h d n a n w o t
d e r e u q n o c e h t h ti w e v i v r u
s - wto n environment .He i sa good example of a characte r
s i o h
w representi ngahumanbeing who ha stwodfiferen tsidesi nhisl fie .Fristi sthe
il l a
c ngo fhi sdutyands econdi sthecalilngo fhi shumantiy .Fort hef ris titmehes ee s
t a h
t the town i sa good place t o ilve .Al lof t he people i n t he t own being conquered
. m i h o t e c i n y r e v k o o l
w o
H eve ,rt he f act i sdfiferen tthe conquered peoplebegint or evotl .Theywan ta
a s a t n e m e v o m s i h t s l e e f r e d n o T n e h t d n a , ti n o t h g ir e h t e v a h y e h t e s u a c e b m o d e e r f
o f t a e r h
t rhis l fie. The condi iton of t he t own i sgetitng wors tbecause i thappens i n
. n o s a e s w o n
s In one hand ,he begins l osing hi sconrto la sa soldie rwho forget shi s
a e h d n a , y t u
d lso become swor ired and nervous .The characterisitcs o fLieutenan t
r e d n o
3
.
B ProblemFormula iton
u o r g k c a b e h t n o d e s a
B ndoft hes tudy,t herearethreeproblemf ormulaitonst obe
. d e z y l a n a
.
1 Howi sLieutenan tTonde rcharacte irzed?
.
2 Howaret hes etitng sdesc irbed?
.
3 Howdot hes etitng sin lfuencet hecharacte irsitco fLieutenan tTonder?
.
C Objec itve soft heStudy
f o t s i s n o c s n o it a l u m r o f m e l b o r p e h
T thethreequesitons;t hereforet heobjecitve s
d e d i v i d e r a y d u t s f
o intot hreepa trs .Fris,tt hewrtiert irest o ifndLieutenan tTonder’ s
t c a r a h
c e irzaiton .Second,t hewrtie r if s nd thes etitngt hati sdesc irbedi nt hestory .The
e v it c e j b o t s a
l i sto ifnd ou tthe setitngs in lfuencing the characte irsitc o fLieutenan t
.r a w e h t g n ir u d r e d n o
T
.
D De ifni itono fTerms
m r e t e n o s i e r e h
T tha tneeds t o be explained t o avoid misunderstanding that i s
. ” r e i d l o S
“ Soldier i sa membe ro fan army ,especially one o fwho i sno tan of ifcer .
(OxfordAdvancedLearner’s2005:1456 .)
4
I
I
R
E
T
P
A
H
C
W
E
I
V
E
R
L
A
C
I
T
E
R
O
E
H
T
. s tr a p e e r h t o t n i d e d i v i d s i r e t p a h c s i h
T The fri st p ta tr i s he review o frelated
t I . s e i d u t
s presents comment stoward John Steinbeck’ sand hi swork The Moon i s
n w o
D .The second par ti sthe review o frelated theo ire stha tcontain theory o f
s i d ri h t e h t d n A . g n it t e s f o y r o e h t d n a n o it a z ir e t c a r a h c f o y r o e h t ,r e t c a r a h
c theoreitca l
f o n o it a c il p p a d n a y d u t s e h t f o k r o w e m a r f e h t t u o b a s n i a l p x e t r a p s i h T . k r o w e m a r f
. n o it a l u m r o f m e l b o r p e z y l a n a o t s e ir o e h t e h t
.
A Reviewo fRelatedStudies
n w o D s i n o o M e h
T tells abou tNaz iinvasion in unnamed town in a par to f
o T . e p o r u
E ge tbette runderstandingont heworkof l tierature ,somec iritc shavebeen
n o s t n e m m o c y n a m e r a e r e h T . s k r o w s ’ k c e b n i e t S r o f e d a
m TheMooni sDown .David
t a h t s e t a t
s The Mooni sDown isi nteresitng novel .Thi snovel porrtayed t he stiuaiton
w t r a W d lr o W f
o o .I tdoe sno tcontain stereotype and i tshows human emoiton and
l i v e t o n s a s i z a N s e b ir c s e d k c e b n i e t S t a h t t u o s t n i o p o s l a e H . s s e n k a e w n a m u h
. c it s il a e r e r o m l e v o n s i h t s e k a m d n a h g u o n
e
s ’ k c e b n i e t S , s y a s s i s e h t s i h n i a s c i s n a r
F The Moon i sDown i sa nove labou t
e h t , s r e d a v n i s ti d n a n w o t l l a m s a n e e w t e b s p i h s n o it a l e r e h t , s p i h s n o it a l e r n a m u h
5
t a h
t c an be seen from both sides .The main characters i nclude both t he t ownspeople
. ) 1 : 7 0 0 2 ( e c r o f g n i y p u c c o e h t f o s r e c if f o e h t d n a
t a h t s y a s s i s e h t r e h t o n
A The Moon i sDown a parton o fltierature and history ,
e h t y l n o t o n o t c it e h t a p m y s y r e v s i ti , s k r o w y r a r e ti l t a e r g f o e n o s a l e v o n s i h t d r a g e r
l p o e p d e r e u q n o
c e bu talso t he conquerors . tI rtuly shows t he wayo fwar t ha tful lo f
t I . ti h ti w y a w a n w o l b y l p m i s s a w I . n o i s s e r p e d r e ll i k d n a g n i g n o l , e t a h , ri a p s e d
e c n a l a b n i s e it r a p g n it c il f n o c e h t n o w e i v f o t n i o p s i h e b ir c s e d r o h t u a e h t t a h t s n a e m
o ir t a S i h d u B
( , 2007:22 .)
i o p o e m a
C nt soutt ha tTheMoon i sDowni ssimplestorybu tmeaningful ,sot he
e H . s n a e m k c e b n i e t S t a h w d n a t s r e d n u o t t i d a e r o t e m it g n o l d e e n t o n o d s r e d a e r
e z i s a h p m
e s the psychologica laspec ttha toccu rin every character sin The Moon is
n w o
D .Steinbeckr epresentst hesrtongspritif romeachcharacte ,rf romt heconquered
r i e h t m o r f e v i v r u s o t w o h d n a m e l b o r p r i e h t h ti w t h g if y e h t w o h , r o r e u q n o c e h t d n a
n o it i d n o
c (www.goodread .scom ,Octobe r112012 .)
t ,t a h t s e t a t s e ir a M e n n A , r e v o e r o
M hi samazingnoveli sno tawell-knownnove l
e b o t y h tr o w s i k o o b s i h t f o e m e h t e h t , r e v e w o H . s l e v o n r e h t o s ’ k c e b n i e t S g n o m a
” .s e d i s t n e r e f fi d o w t s a h t a h t n a m u h f o e u l a v e h t s l a e v e r t i e s u a c e b d e s s u c s i
d Tha t I
k a m o t g n i y rt s a w k c e b n i e t S t n i o p e h t s a w k n i h
t e, t here are always t wo sides t o t he
n i o
c ”(www.goodread .scom ,Octobe r162012 .)
, s u n a J o t g n i d r o c c
A The Moon i sDown i seasy t o read because ti i svery wel l
s u s w o h s k c e b n i e t S l e v o n s i h t n I . n e tt ir
w amazingunderstandingo fhumantiyand ti s
n o s r e p e u q i n u s a d e l a e v e r e r a s r e t c a r a h c e h T . s r e t c a r a h c e h t h g u o r h t s n o it a z il i v i c
.s e it il a n o s r e p t n e r e f fi d h ti w
s ti d n a y ti n a m u h f o g n i d n a t s r e d n u g n i z a m a d n a e s o r p t c e f r e p s ' k c e b n i e t S
li r e e t s o m e h t f o e n o s i h t e k a m s n o it a z il i v i
c y reailsitc work so f ifciton Ihave
h c a e d e r e u q n o c e h t d n a s r o r e u q n o c e h t y ll a it n e s s e e r a s r e t c a r a h c e h T . d a e r r e v e
. s k ri u q d n a s e it il a n o s r e p t n e r e f fi d h ti w e l p o e p t n e r e f fi d f o y a r r a n a f o g n i s s e s s o p
u t a r e ti l s a e l b a y o j n e s a s i t a h t d a e r y s a e , tr o h s a s 't
I r (e wwwj.acket lfap.com ,
3 2 r e b o t c O , s u n a
J 2012 .)
e h t d n u o r r u s s g n it t e s f o e c n e u lf n i e h t w o h s o t s t n a w s i s e h t s i h t f o s ’ r e ti r w e h T
e m n o ri v n e l a i c o s d n a e m it f o g n it t e s e h t s i h c i h w , s c it s ir e t c a r a h c s ’ r e t c a r a h c n i a
m nt .
o t s t n a w r e ti r w e h
T show tha tthese two factor shave big effec ton the main
. ti a rt y ti l a n o s r e p s ’ r e t c a r a h
c Thu sthi swli ldfiferenitate thi sthesi sfrom the othe r
. s e i d u t s
.
B Reviewo fRelatedTheories
d e e n e r a s e ir o e h t e m o s , s k r o w y r a r e ti l g n i z y l a n a n
I ed .Ltierary t heo ire ssuch a s
a z ir e t c a r a h c d n a r e t c a r a h c f o s e ir o e h
t itonareputi nt hef ris tpar twhliet hes econdpar t
. g n it t e s f o y r o e h t e h t s i
.
1 Theoryo fCharacter
Characte ri sthe int irnsic element sin ltierary work which i svery impo trant .
t c a r a h
C e rmake sthe story in the nove lbecome s ilve .According to Abram sin hi s
k o o
b AGlosarryo fLtieraryTerms.
e r a o h w , k r o w e v it a r r a n r o c it a m a r d a n i d e t n e s e r p s n o s r e p e h t e r a s r e t c a r a h C
, l a n o it i s o p s i d , l a r o m h ti w d e w o d n e g n i e b s a r e d a e r e h t y b d e t e r p r e t n
7
t a h w y b d n a e u g o l a i d e h t y a s y e h t t a h w n i d e s s e r p x e e r a t a h t s e it il a u q l a n o it o m e
.) 3 2 : 5 8 9 1 s m a r b A ( n o it c a e h t o d y e h t
m o r
F the quotaiton above ,characte ri sdesc irbed a sa person who play sin a
h t a h t g n il e e f l a n o it o m e n a h ti w n o s r e p A . l e v o n r o a m a r
d is/he r presented by
s i r e d n o T t n a n e t u e i L . l e v o n e h t f o y r o t s e h t n i s e o d r e h / s i h t a h t s n o it c a r o s e u g o l a i d
r e t c a r a h c r o j a m f o e n
o s in The Moon i sDown ,a characte rtha tcan represents the
. s r e t c a r a h c n i a m r e h t o s e d i s e b l e v o n e h t m o r f t n i o p n i a m
n o t n a t
S in hi sbook An I ntroduciton t o Ficitonstates t hat t he characte rporrtay s
h c i h w , r e t c a r a h c l a rt n e c a n i a t n o c s e ir o t s t s o M . y r o t s e h t n i s l a u d i v i d n i r o n o s r e p e h t
m i h n i s e g n a h c e m o s e s u a c s t n e v e e h t y ll a u s u ; y r o t s e h t n i t n e v e y r e v e o t t n a v e l e r s i
u o n i r
o ratttiudet owardhim .Thu ,st hemeaningo fcharacte rcanbebotht heactori n
n e e w t e b p i h s n o it a l e r a e b t s u m e r e h T . s r e t c a r a h c e h t f o c it s ir e t c a r a h c e h t d n a y r o t s a
. ) 7 1 : 5 6 9 1 ( s a h e h t a h t c it s ir e t c a r a h c e h t d n a r o t c a n a
.
2 Theoryo fCharacteriza iton
o t s d e e n r e ti r w e h t ,l e v o n s i h t n i d e z ir e t c a r a h c e r a s r e t c a r a h c e h t w o h t u o d n if o T
n i n o m r a H d n a n a m l o H o t g n i d r o c c A . n o it a z ir e t c a r a h c f o y r o e h t e h t w o n
k A
, e r u t a r e ti L o t k o o b d n a
H Characte irzaiton i s t he way i n which t he autho rreveal so r
e h t r o s e t a e r
c characters i n his/he rwork ,making t hem ‘ailve ’for t he reade r(1986 :
. ) 1 8
k o o b s i h n i y h p r u M . J. M o t g n i d r o c c
A Understanding Unseen :An I ntroduciton
t n e d u t S s a e s r e v O r o f l e v o N & y r t e o P h s il g n E o
t (1972 :161-173 ,)t herearenineway s
a h c e h t t n e s e r p e r o
t racter .s
.
a Persona ldesc irpiton .
h g u o r h t r e t c a r a h c e h t e b ir c s e d o t s e ir t r o h t u a e h t t a h t s n a e m n o it p ir c s e d l a n o s r e P
s e h t o l c d n a e c n a r a e p p a s ’ n o s r e p a e b ir c s e d n a c r o h t u a e h T . s e c n a r a e p p a l a c i s y h p s i h
n i k s s i h , d li u b s i h s a h c u
s -color ,hi shai ro rhisf ace .
.
b Characte rass eenbyanothe .r
s e y e e h t h g u o r h t r e t c a r a h c e h t e b ir c s e d n a c r o h t u a e h t t a h t s n a e m y a w s i h t g n i s U
t u o b a n o i n i p o r o , s t n e m m o c , s n o it a n a l p x e e v i g l li w y e h T . r e h t o n a f o s n o i n i p o d n a
o t s r e d a e r e h t p l e h n a c s n o i n i p o r i e h T . e k il s i r e t c a r a h c t a h
w understandacharacte .r
.
c Speech.
n i n o s r e p e h t f o e n o f o r e t c a r a h c e h t o t n i t h g i s n i r e d a e r e h t e v i g n a c r o h t u a e h T
s i e h , g n i k a e p s s i n o s r e p a r e v e n e h W . s y a s r e t c a r a h c e h t t a h w h g u o r h t k o o b e h t
.r e t c a r a h c s i h o t e u l c e m o s r e d a e r e h t g n i v i g
.
d Pastl fie .
a e h
T utho rcangivet her eade racluet oevent ha tha shelped t oshapeaperson’ s
t n e m m o c t c e ri d y b e n o d e b n a c s i h T . e fi l t s a p s ’ n o s r e p a t u o b a g n i n r a e l y b r e t c a r a h c
m u i d e m e h t r o n o it a s r e v n o c e h t h g u o r h t ,t h g u o h t s ’ n o s r e p e h t h g u o r h t ,r o h t u a e h t y b
r e h t o n a f
9
.
e Conversaitono fother .s
h g u o r h t r e t c a r a h c s ’ n o s r e p a o t s e u l c r e d a e r e h t e v i g n a c r o h t u a e h t t a h t s n a e m t I
d n a e l p o e p r e h t o t u o b a k l a t e l p o e P . m i h t u o b a y a s y e h t s g n i h t d n a s n o it a s r e v n o c
a r a h c e h t o t e u l c a r e d a e r e h t e v i g n e tf o y a s y e h t s g n i h
t cte ro fthe person spoken
.t u o b a
.f Reaciton.
o t s t c a e r e h w o h g n i e e s h g u o r h t r e t c a r a h c s ’ n o s r e p a w o n k l li w s r e d a e r e h T
.s t n e v e d n a n o it a u ti s s u o ir a v
.
g Driec tcomment .
. y lt c e ri d r e t c a r a h c s ’ n o s r e p a n o t n e m m o c r o e b ir c s e d n a c r o h t u a e h T
.
h Thought .s
i g r o h t u a e h
T vest her eade rdriec tknowledgeo fwha tapersoni st hinkingabout .
e h t l l e t n a c e H . e fi l l a e r e h t n i o d t o n n a c e w t a h w o d o t e l b a s i e h , t c e p s e r s i h t n I
n e h t r e d a e r e h T . s i h t t p e c c a e w l e v o n e h t n I . g n i k n i h t e r a e l p o e p t n e r e f fi d t a h w r e d a e r
g e li v ir p n i s
i edposiiton ;hehas ,asi twere ,asecre tilsteningdevicepluggedi n t ot he
.l e v o n a n i n o s r e p a f o s t h g u o h t t s o m n i
.i Manne irsm.
t a h t s e i s a r c n y s o i d i r o , s ti b a h , m s ir e n n a m s ’ n o s r e p a e b ir c s e d y a m r o h t u a e h T
a r a h c s i h t u o b a g n i h t e m o s r e d a e r e h t ll e t o s l a y a
m c te .r
.
3 Theoryo fSet itng
a m o r f e s a e l e r t o n s e o d r e t c a r a h c e h t f o t c a e h t o s l a d n a d r o w a g n ir e b m e m e R
e h t n i s t n e m e l e c i s n ir t n i f o e n o s a , k o o b r i e h t n i e t a e r c r o h t u a e h t t a h t g n it t e s
. k r o w e r u t a r e ti l
b d e w o h s , g n it s e r e t n i e m o c e b y r o t s e h t s e k a m g n it t e s
A y t he authort o make an
r o d n u o r g k c a b e h t n a h t e r o m s a e r u g if y a m g n it t e s A . d n i m r u o n i n o it a n i g a m i
. n e p p a h s g n i h t e k a m n a c t I . g n i n n i p r e d n u
Accordingt oKennyi nhi sbookHowt oAnalyzeFiciton,t herearef ou relement s
h t s i t n e m e l e t s ri f e h T . g n it t e s f
o e actua l geographica l locaiton . I t include s
e h t f o s t n e m e l e d n o c e s e h T . r o ir e t n i s ’ m o o r a f o s li a t e d e h t n e v e , y r e n e c s , y h p a r g o p o t
y a d f o e d o m d n a s n o it a p u c c o e h t e r a g n it t e
s - ot -day existence of t he characters .The
h c i h w n i e m it s i g n it t e s f o t n e m e l e d ri h
t theacitont ake splace,f ori nstance ,histo irca l
.r a e y e h t f o n o s a e s , d o ir e
p Thef o trh element soft hesetitng aret he r eilgious ,moral ,
. ) 0 4 : 6 6 9 1 ( s r e t c a r a h c e h t f o t n e m n o ri v n e l a n o it o m e d n a l a i c o s ,l a u t c e ll e t n i
it t e s n o it i n if e d e h t y fi r a l c o t ,r e v o e r o
M ngo fsocia lenvrionmentt hewrtie ruse sa
d n a ” l a i c o s “ e r a y e h t , s d r o w o w t f o s t s i s n o c s m r e t s i h t , y n b r o H m o r f y r o e h t
s ’ r e n r a e L e c n a v d A d r o f x O k o o b s i h n i y b n r o H o t g n i d r o c c A . ” t n e m n o ri v n e “
t g n i n r e c n o c a h ti w s l a e d ” l a i c o s “ , h s il g n E t n e r r u C f o y r a n o it c i
D he organizaiton ,
n o it i d n o c s n a e m ” t n e m n o ri v n e “ m r e t e h T . s e it i n u m m o c d n a e l p o e p n e e w t e b s n o it a l e r
1 1
.
C Theore itca lFramework
e h
T theo ire smenitoned in the previou spar ta re usefu lto answe rthe three
e u q e h t r e w s n a o T . s n o it a l u m r o f m e l b o r
p sitonst ha thave been f ormulated,t heory fo
n r e c n o c r o j a m e h t e s u a c e b d e d e e n s i m s i c it ir c w e
n of t he analysis i s i n t he t he t ex t
. k r o w y r a r e ti l e h t f o t x e t e h t n o s e s u c o f r e ti r w e h t t a h t o s ,f l e s ti
c a r a h c f o y r o e h
T ter sand characte irzaiton i sused to analyze how Lieutenan t
e h t s e k a m y r o e h t s i h t e s u a c e b d e d e e n s i g n it t e s f o y r o e h t e h T . d e z ir e t c a r a h c s i r e d n o T
d n a e r o m d n a t s r e d n u s r e d a e
r imagine how the envrionmen to fwa rhappen sin the
o
n ve landcreate sproblemst hatfacedbyLieutenan tTonde .r
2 1
I
I
I
R
E
T
P
A
H
C
Y
G
O
L
O
D
O
H
T
E
M
.
A Objec toft heStudy.
s i y d u t s s i h t f o t c e j b o e h
T The Moon i sDown which wa sw irtten by John
r e v e s a w t a h t e r u t a r e ti l f o s k r o w e c e i p r e t s a m s ’ k c e b n i e t S f o e n o s a w t I . k c e b n i e t S
. e d a
m TheMooni sDownwasf risltypubilshed byTheVikingPress ,NewYorkCtiy
s i h T . 2 4 9 1 h c r a
M wa s simutlaneously pubilshed in Canada by The Macmillan
o t y l e v i s u l c x e d l o s s n o it i d e t s 1 g n it n ir p d e c n a v d a 0 0 7 d e ti m i L a d a n a C f o y n a p m o C
0 , 0 0 5 d e h c a o r p p a s e i p o c l a t o t d n a s r e ll e s k o o
b 00marksi n1942 .
s k o o b s i h t 2 4 9 1 n I . s r e t p a h c 8 o t n i d e d i v i d s e g a p 8 8 1 f o s t s i s n o c k o o b s i h T
, 7 l ir p A n o , y ti c k r o Y w e N , r e t a e h T k c e B n ir a M t a d e m r o f r e p y a l p a e m o c e b
e t a t S d e ti n U n i d e n e p o , 3 4 9 1 n i n o i s r e v e i v o m e m a c e b d n a n il r e S r a c s O y b d e c u d o r p
h c r a
M 26,f romTweniteth CenturyFox ,produced byNunnallyJohnson ,driected by
. 3 4 9 1 , 4 1 h c r a M , o t n o r o T n i d l e h s a w e r e i m e r p d lr o W . l e h c i P g n i v
rI The Moon i s
n w o
D receivedmanyr eview supon ti spubilcaitondu irngt hewari n1942duet oJ ohn
i d e r c n i s' k c e b n i e t
S blepopulartiyatt he itme.
n w o D s i n o o M e h
T is t elilng abou tstoryof t he srtuggles i n a war . tI i sa bi to f
s ti r o f l e v o n e h t , I I r a W d lr o W f o s y a d y lr a e e h t g n ir u d a d n a g a p o r p s ' k c e b n i e t S
r a h c r o j a m e m o s e r a e r e h T . s r e i d l o s i z a N f o s l a y a rt r o p c it e h t a p m y
s actersi nt hi snove l
e ti u q s i o h w r e d n o T t n a n e t u e i L s i m e h t f o e n o , d e l a e v e r e b o t g n it i c x e y r e v s i h c i h w
3 1
r e d r o e h t s w o ll o f s y a w l a o h w r e i d l o s a s i r e d n o T t n a n e t u e i
L att hesame itmehe
e h t t a h t s e p o
h townspeoplebeingconquered int het owncanaccep thim.
.
B Approach.
s y a w n w o r i e h t e v a h s c it ir c e m o s , e r u t a r e ti l f o s k r o w g n i z y l a n a n
I and
y d u t s s i h T . s e h c a o r p p
a og se deepe ronanalyzingt hecharacterisitcs o fa soldier .The
t c e ri d o g l li w s i s y l a n
a ly seeing the tex to fthe novel ,i ti ssutiable to choose new
. h c a o r p p a e h t s a m s i c it ir c
k o o b s i h n i r e l s s e r
B An Introduciton t o Theory and Pracitce L tierary Criitcism
m s i c it ir c w e n t a h t s tr e s s
a approachconcenrtate stor evealt hesrtuctureoft heworko f
if o t p i h s n o it a l e r r e t n i s ti d n a t r
a nd ou tthe idea developed from the work tisel f
. ) 3 4 : 9 9 9 1
( Newc iritcismi schosens incet het hesisf ocuse sont heelement swtihint he
r e t c a r a h c d n a g n it t e s f o y r o e h T . n o it a z ir e t c a r a h c d n a r e t c a r a h c , g n it t e s s a h c u s , y r o t s
s i c it ir c w e n t r o p p u s o t l u f p l e h s
i ms incei tbecomest hemainapproachf ort hiss tudy.
s i h
T approach i schosen t o analyze The Moon i sDown ,focusing on Lieutenan t
r e i d l o s a s a y t u d n i s i e h e li h w s m e l b o r p e m o s g n i c n e ir e p x e r e t c a r a h c r e d n o
T . T his
h c a o r p p
a i srelated t o set itng t ha tappear sin t he t ext .A sone of i nt irnsic element i n
l e v o n s i h t f o y r o t s e h t o t e c n e u lf n i n a s a h g n it t e s , e r u t a r e ti
l and t owardt hecharacter s
l e v o n e h t n i t s i x e t a h
t .
.
C Methodoft heStudy.
s p e t s e m o s e r a e r e h
T in analyzingt hi sstudy .Fris,tt hewrtierr eadt he nove lThe
n w o d s i n o o
M byJ ohnSteinbeckt odecidet hei deabeings tudied .
, d n o c e
S the wrtie rformulated the problem sto be studied :how Lieutenan t
s a w r e d n o
T characte irzed ,how t he setitng of t he novel wa sdesc irbed .The l as twa s
e h t w o
h set itng in lfuenced the characteirsitc so fLieutenan tTonder .These three
o t t n a tr o p m i e r e w s n o it s e u
q decidet hemos tapprop irateapproachoft hes tudy .
, d ri h
T the wrtie rused some book sto help analyzing the main study such as ,
s m a r b
A ’ sAGlosarryo fLtieraryTerms, (1981 .) Stanton’ sAnI ntroducitont oFiciton,
.) 5 6 9 1
( Holman and Harmon’ sA Handbook to Ltierature, (1986 .) M J. .Murphy’ s
s a e s r e v O r o f l e v o N & y r t e o P h s il g n E o t n o it c u d o r t n I n A : n e e s n U g n i d n a t s r e d n U
t n e d u t
S , (1972 .)Kenny’ sHowt o AnalyzeFiciton, (1966) .Bressler’ sAn I ntroduciton
e c it c a r P d n a y r o e h T o
t LtieraryCriitcism,( 1999 .)
h tr u o
F ,t hewrtie ransweredt hose t hreequesiton sof t hestudy .And t hel as tstep
m e l b o r p m o r f s n o it s e u q g n i z y l a n a d n a g n ir e w s n a r e tf a n o i s u l c n o c a g n i k a m s a w
5 1
T
P
A
H
C
E
R
I
V
S
I
S
Y
L
A
N
A
r e w s n a r e ti r w e h t , tr a p s i h t n
I s the problem formulaiton s tha t have been
s u o i v e r p e h t n i d e t a t s s m e l b o r p e e r h t e h t n o d e s a B . r e t p a h c t s ri f e h t n i d e t a l u m r o f
. s tr a p r o j a m e e r h t o t n i d e d i v i d s i r e t p a h c s i h t ,r e t p a h c
i z y l a n a s i tr a p t s ri f e h
T ng t he characte ro fLieutenan tTonder .The second par t
o t s i t a h t m e l b o r p d ri h t e h t s e z y l a n a t r a p d ri h t e h T . y r o t s e h t n i g n it t e s e h t s e z y l a n a
.r e d n o T t n a n e t u e i L f o s c it s ir e t c a r a h c e h t d r a w o t g n it t e s e h t f o e c n e u lf n i e h t d n if
.
A Thecharacteris itc so fLieutenan tTonder.
r e ti r w e h t , l e v o n s i h t f o r e t c a r a h c n i a m e h t s e m o c e b r e d n o T t n a n e t u e i L e c n i S
g n u o y a s i r e d n o T t n a n e t u e i L . r e t c a r a h c s i h e z y l a n a o t s t p m e tt
a s -not nose soldie rand
l a t n e m it n e
s givent o t ear sandt o f uire .sLieutenan tTonde rundergraduate ,st rained i n
, s c it il o p e h
t who beileves the grea tnewsyst eem h ha sneve rbotheredt oevaluate ti s
.s tl u s e
r The characte irsitc so fLieutenan tTonde rare desc irbed in detali sin the nex t
. s h p a r g a r a p
.
1 Roman itc
n i c it n a m o r f o s n o it i n if e d e m o s e r a e r e h
T Oxford Advanced Learner’ s
y r a n o it c i
D .To clarfiy thi spar tthe wrtie r ifnd ssome de ifniiton so fromanitc from
y r a n o it c i D s ’ r e n r a e L d e c n a v d A d r o f x
O .The fris tde ifniiton i shaving an atttiude t o
i k o o l t o n , t n a tr o p m i y ll a i c e p s e e r a s n o it o m e e h t d n a n o it a n i g a m i e r e h w e fi
l ng a t
s e k a m t a h t y a w a n i l u fi t u a e b s i n o it i n if e d d n o c e s e h T . y a w c it s il a e r a n i s n o it a u ti s
e h t t n e s e r p e r s n o it i n if e d e h T . ) 0 2 3 1 : 5 0 0 2 ( s n o it o m e g n o rt s l e e f r o e v o l f o k n i h t u o y
e c n e d i v e e m o s s a h o h w n o s r e p c it n a m o r a s a r e d n o T t n a n e t u e i L f o s c it s ir e t c a r a h
c s .
e fi l s i h n i s s e n r e g a e s d e e n o s l a o h w n a m r e i d l o s g n u o y a s i r e d n o T t n a n e t u e i L
a d r a w o t g n il e e f s i h s s e r p x e o t e d i s c it n a m o r s i h s e s u e h d n a e r e h p s o m t a r a w n i n e v e
d e b ir c s e d s i e h , n o it a n i g a m i s i h y B . e s r e v g n i y a s y b n a m o
w as“ar omanitcnaivepoe t
o h
w fetlt he enemyshouldl ove him ,Abi tte rpoe twhodream so fperfec,ti deal l ove
d n a s lr i g r o o p r o f n e m g n u o y d e t a v e l e f
o wtih a vision a swidea shi sexpe irence h e
n e m o w k r a d y r a n i g a m i o t h t a e r b s i h r e d n u e s r e v k n a l b e k o p s s e m it e m o
s ”( p.46 .)
r e i d l o s a s
A heprosecutes f o rcontemp to fdeathon t hebatlte ifeld .Acourage i s
c it n a m o r s i h y b r e d n o T t n a n e t u e i L . e v a h d l u o h s r e i d l o s a t a h t g n i h t t n a tr o p m i e n o
“ s e m it e m o s e d i
s longed fo rdeath on the batlte ifeld ,wtih weeping parent sin the
a e L e h t d n a , d n u o r g k c a
b der ,bravebu tsadi nt hepresenceoft hedyingyouth”( p.46) .
h t a e d s i h d e n i g a m i e h ; r a w e h t n i d e i d e h f i n o i s i v a s a h r e d n o T t n a n e t u e i L , r e v o e r o M
. n o i s i v c it n a m o r n i
n o d e t n il g h c i h w n u s g n it t e s r i a f a y b d e t h g il , n e tf o y r e v h t a e d s i h d e n i g a m i e H
n e k o r
b mlitiary equipment ,hi smen standing slienlty around him ,wtih head s
g i b , s e ir y k l a V e h t d e p o ll a g d u o l c t a f a r e v o s a , w o l g n u
h -breasted ,mother sand
. d n u o r g k c a b e h t n i d e h s a r c r e d n u h t n a ir e n g a W e li h w , e n o n i s e s s e rt s i
m And he
a e r s d r o w g n i y d s i h d a h n e v
e d y(p.46)
s ’ y ll o M o t s e m o c e H . y ll o M o t e d i s c it n a m o r s i h s w o h s o s l a r e d n o T t n a n e t u e i L
7 1
r e i d l o s a s a m i h s r e d i s n o c y ll o M t a h t k n i h t o t t n a w t o n s e o d e H . d n e ir f s i h g n i m o c e b
.r e h r o f m e o p a s e k a m e h , m i h d r a w o t n o it n e tt a s ’ y ll o M l a e t s o T . r e u q n o c a , e s r o w , r o
. m e o p e lt ti l y n it a s 't i , o N , d i a s e
H I't sal tiltebi to fapoem." Her eachedi nside
.r e h o t ti d e d n a h d n a r e p a p d e d l o f a t u o t h g u o r b d n a c i n u t s i
h Shel eaned close
y lt e i u q d a e r e h s d n a s e s s a l g r e h n o t u p d n a p m a l e h t o
t ”(p.130 .)
w o h s s e c n e d i v e e s e h
T tha tLieutenan tTonderi sar omanitc person ,who dream s
s y a w l a e h t a h t t c a f e h t m o r f w o n k o t e l b a s i r e ti r w e h T . m i h r o f e v o l l a e d i r o f
r n i g n i h t e m o s s y a s d n a s e n i g a m
i omanitc way .He ha sa vision o fhappines sfo rhi s
. e g a u g n a l c it n a m o r n i s l a e v e r e h t a h t h t a e d s i h r o f t n e v e d n a e fi l
.
2 Sen itmental
s i h t f o e s o p r u p e h t y fi r a l c o t d e s u s i t a h t ,l a t n e m it n e s f o s n o it i n if e d o w t e r a e r e h T
s e s u r e ti r w e h T . tr a
p Oxford Advanced Learner’ sDicitonary to ifnd ou tthose
. n o s a e r n a h t r e h t a r , s n o it o m e r u o y h ti w d e t c e n n o c s i l a t n e m it n e s , t s ri F . s n o it i n if e d
e b y a m h c i h w , s s e n d a s r o e v o l c it n a m o r , y ti p s a h c u s s n o it o m e g n i c u d o r p s i d n o c e S
e s e h t y B . ) 3 8 3 1 : 5 0 0 2 ( e t a ir p o r p p a t o n r o g n o rt s o o
t de ifniiton sthe wrtie rcan give
.s c it s ir e t c a r a h c r e d n o T t n a n e t u e i L d r a w o t s e c n e d i v e
t a h t y rt n u o c e h t s k n i h t r e d n o T t n a n e t u e i L , e r o f e b r a w f o e c n e ir e p x e y n a t u o h ti W
il i b a li a v a e h t ll a h ti w , e lt t e s o t e c a l p e c i n a e b l li w t I . e c a l p l u fi t u a e b a s i s e d a v n i e
h ty
t n a n e t u e i L n e e w t e b n o it a s r e v n o c e h t n i n w o h s s i e c n e d i v e e h T . y rt n u o c s i h t n i
. r e d n a m m o C s i h d n a r e d n o T
. e l p o e p e c i n , y rt n u o c e c i n a s 't i " , r e d n o T d i a s " ,l l e W
" Ou rmen - some of t hem
" . e r e h e lt t e s n e v e t h g i
m
e m o s n e e s e v ' u o Y " , y l g n i k o j d i a s r e s n a
L place you ilke ,perhaps?" "Wel,l "said
. e r e h s m r a f l u fi t u a e b e m o s e r a e r e h t " , r e d n o
T I ffou ro r ifve o fthem were
" k n i h t I , e lt t e s o t e c a l p e c i n a e b d l u o w t i ,r e h t e g o t n w o r h
t (p.58 .)
e c a l p e c i n a g n i v a h s m a e r d r e d n o T t n a n e t u e i L t a h t s e il p m i e g a s s a p e h
T o reven
t i ; e l p o e p s n w o t e h t f o s s e n d o o g e h t s e e s e H . s e d a v n i e h t a h t y rt n u o c e h t n i s e v il . y rt n u o c t a h t n i g n il tt e s n i d e t s e r e t n i e r o m m i h s e k a m n i e h n e h W . e d i s l a t n e m it n e s s i h s w o h s r e d n o T t n a n e t u e i L n o it c a r e h t o h g u o r h T l o M . y ll o M n e e w t e b n o it a s r e v n o
c lysaid ,“Whoare you? “Wha tdo you want?“You
y l n o I s s i M “ , m r a h y n a n a e m t ’ n o d I “ d i a s e h m o o r e h t d e r e t n e e H . e r e h n i e m o c t ’ n a c n i r e v o e r o M . ) 6 2 1 . p ( ” t n a w I l l a s ’t a h T . k l a t u o y r a e h o t t n a w I . ll a s ’t a h t , k l a t o t t n a w : n o it a s r e v n o c r e h t o n a t r e d n o T
“ iredt oexplain ,“Canyouunderstandt hi scan youbeilevet his?Justf o r
, e li h w e lt ti l a r o f t s u J . e li h w e lt ti l a r o f t s u J ? r a w s i h t t e g r o f e w t ’ n a c , e li h w a e l p o e p e k il r e h t e g o t k l a t e w t ’ n a
c –together? .“She said ,You don’ tknow who
e d n o T . ” ? u o y o d , m a
’I rsaid ,“ ’Iveseenyoui nt het own . Iknowyou’rel ovely . I
e r ’ u o y , y h W “ , y lt e i u q g n i k a e p s d e u n it n o c y ll o M . u o y o t k l a t o t t n a w I w o n k m ’I “ . t u o g n il b m u t e m a c s d r o w s i H “ . ” ? ti t ’ n s i , t a h t s a e l p m i s s a s ’t I . y l e n o l y l e n o l m ’I . s s e n ll i f o t n i o p e h t o t y l e n o
l in t he quie tand t he harted.” “And he
.) 8 2 1 . p ( ” ? ti b e lt ti l a t s u j , k l a t e w t ’ n a C “ , y l g n i d a e l p n
