REVIEW BEST PRACTICES IN JAPAN
Executive 47
Setyo Sutriono - 120820160009
PROGRAMS STUDY MAGISTER MANAGEMENT
ECONOMICS AND BUSINESS FACULTY
PADJADJARAN UNIVERSITY
BANDUNG
Each company in carrying out its business activities both companies occupied with the field of administrations and products that have the similar objective of generating profits. What's more, the organization additionally needs to give fulfillment to the consumer for the items or services that their produces, because customer satisfaction becomes the benchmark of the success of the company in the product or service quality, and desired by customer.
In accomplishing the correct showcasing technique and appropriate to apply, an company could see from the advertising blend factor. This is vital in light of the fact that the advertising blend is one of the vital contemplations of customers in settling on obtaining choices of an item. In the event that the organization is not delicate to what is required by purchasers, then certainly the company will lose many opportunities to capture consumers and items offered will be futile.
Advertising is one of the longest-running economies, and until now marketing has greatly affected the accomplishment of an organization to get by in advertise share. Thusly, it is necessary advertising procedure that can give influence to determine succeed or not in marketing its product. If the marketing strategy implemented by the organization can showcase the items well, this would affect the organizations goals. Asakusa, located in Taito Area, Tokyo, is a city that has prospered since the Edo Period. And still retain the feel of the old Town center of the Edo Period and many tourists coming from Japan and outside Japan come to see it.
Senso-ji Temple is the oldest temple in Tokyo. In the courtyard of the temple, there is the Kaminari-mon Gate which has a large Cho-chin (Japanese lantern) hanging there with the letters "雷門". Nakamise (shop) is the oldest
shopping street on the road, Goju-no-tou (five-story pagoda), and Asakusa Temple is also worth seeing. This is a place to visit if visitors ever come to Asakusa.
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Nakamise-dori street
Here are some types of souvenirs sold on Nakamise-dori street:
Mini Lanterns
Many shops sell mini Lanterns around Nakamise-dori street with various themes that can be customized to our taste. The shape is small and made of paper, it is suitable to be purchased with large quantities and made a souvenir for the family at home.
Charms with Bells
Wind chimes
This wind chimes is a symbol and tradition of summer in Japan. Prior to the air conditioner, the sound of the bell was thought to cool the liver during the summer. In addition, at the time of "Hozuki Ichi" (lantern festival) in early summer, this object is used as a talisman to ward off misfortune and bad things.
Tabi Socks
Then there are socks that are insulated in the toes or called the "tabi" model. There are sectional for 5 fingers, and there are only partitioned into 2, one part for big toe and bulkhead for 4 fingers rest. Comfort and unique sock design has been well known in Japan.
Chopsticks
Furoshiki and Tenugui
Furoshiki is actually a cloth wrapping, but its use alone is not limited to just those things. Similar to Furoshiki, Tenugui can also be used for many things. For example, a good quality lap and dry quickly, as a towel, as a lap for the kitchen, you can even use it to wrap small objects.
Horifuda
For those of you who want unique souvenirs that pair with your friends or girlfriends, here we recommend to carve your name in Horifuda. You can also change your name from Roman letters to Japanese characters. This object is a unique wood carving, so you can take it everywhere.
Katana
For boys, the most intriguing thing at Nakamise-dori is a toy that resembles a samurai or katana sword. These toys are very popular among children because they can feel like ninja and samurai. Near the sword katana toy is also a real katana sword. It is sold as a collection of art and very attractive to adult males.
owned by them. Japanese society is known to maintain the cultural values of their ancestors, we also should always preserve the positive culture of our ancestors became one of the identity of Indonesian society.
Cross Cultural Analysis Report
Japan (Japan) is the Sakura country, his administration pill is a realm headed by a sovereign (now Akihito). japan is a constitutional country with the emperor is a leader of country, the prime minister as the head of govermment. Japan was a shut condition of outside impact. Since 1854, during the shogunate powers of the Shoguns to Mikado (emperor), the Japanese started to thrive. Shoguns are the ones who are given supreme power by the lord to manage a region. The lord around then was concerned just with religion, living in a religious community and considered a divine being.
Japan started to flourish after got the west impact.Japan managed to defeat Russia in 1904-1905 added to the Japanese individuals' trust in his capacity. Toward the start of World War 2, Japan encountered a wonderful triumph of war. In asia, All nations can be controlled by japan, including Indonesia, Malaysia and Philippines. Be that as it may, in the long run Japan surrendered to the Allies after 2 big cities in japan, Hiroshima and Nagasaki were besieged by the US nuclear bomb. Japan ended up plainly attacked once more. The financial circumstance has fallen forcefully. Simply starting in 1950 Japan modify the nation. Because of the idea of high teach and diligent work that enthusiastically, at that point Japan become back and turned out to be one of the exceedingly created industrialized nations.
Being one of the most advanced countries in Asia, not making japanese leave their old identity. Japan still retains the cultural values of their ancestors such as Wa (harmony) which means the spirit of teamwork and avoids individual ego, Kao (reputation / face) which means avoiding confrontation and open criticism directly, Omoiyari (loyalty) ie trust and common interest In the long run and still many values from japanese culture that became the principle of life of japan society.
Japanese society never forget the events that occur in the past, they will use the incident to make the learning in the future. It is seen with changes related to the concern for the environment of Japanese society. Many think that the culture of garbage disposal and selection of waste that will be discarded has become a culture derived by their ancestors. Apparently the assumption is wrong, the new Japanese community realized the importance of environmental care or organize waste after the Minamata tregedi.
This tragedy occurred in 1959, the main economic sector in Minamata was fisheries. At that time reports of the strange diseases in Minamata were very much admitted to the Kumamoto regional government, patients suffering from convulsions, unable to speak clearly, staggered walking, paralysis, impaired movement coordination and other nervous system work disorders. When observed by the environment, the cat also went mad, walked around in circles, staggered, indeed, even told until the point that somebody bounced into the ocean. Beside that, likewise seagulls and crows are dead and seen along the straight of Minamata.
What's worse is when children who are born with various symptoms, paralysis, disability, mental retardation, and some even die a few days after birth. Though parents of the baby in good health, without showing certain symptoms. This is a serious concern for local and central government. What is the cause of this strange disease.
Minamata lake are additionally contaminated, this is the primary driver of the populace encountering interruption of the sensory system. By and large Minamata inhabitants devour angle a normal of 3 kg for every day, so this causes bioaccumlation in patients. The reason for this contamination is a substantial production line called Chisso.
Chisso, established in 1908, is a production line that produces compound manures for agribusiness and one of the significant industrial facilities occupied with this field in Japan. The economy in Minamata wound up plainly solid in accordance with the improvement and the vast measure of mechanical generation by Chisso. In addition to producing chemical fertilizers, Chisso also produces Acetic Acid (Acetic acid), Vinyl Chloryde and plasticizers. In producing acetic acid, Chisso uses Methyl-mercury as a catalyst to make Acetaldehyde, this Acetaldehyde which will later be converted to acetic acid. With a very bad sewage treatment system, Chisso dumps Methyl-mercury squander into Minamata sound, which is the trailblazer of Minamata catastrophe.
Minamata catastrophe happens because of collection (Bioacumulasi) methyl-mercury substances in the human body. The bioaccumulation procedure happens on the grounds that methyl-mercury substances have entered the natural way of life; The contaminated ocean causes microscopic fish as nourishment for the fish is likewise dirtied, at that point the methyl-mercury substances will amass in the fish body, and people will have the most methyl mercury (Biomagnification).
Biomagnificatin and Bioaccumulation
mercury in the body in large quantities will cause disturbances in the nervous system. Methyl-mercury will attack nerve cells. This process can be explained in general as follows; Nerve cells consisting of Actin, Tubulin and Neurofibril. If this part is attacked by methyl-mercury then the actin and tubulin part will be damaged and shrunk, so that the microfibril conveying the stimulation will be open, so there is a disturbance of the mechanisms in the nervous system. As a result of this disruption of nerve cells is fatal, where the coordination of the brain and other limbs become out of sync, any information conveyed by the brain will never fully reach the rest of the body. This can be seen in the tragedy of Minamata where the sufferer is hard to talk, paralysis, staggered walking, and other effects of a sysaraf disorder.
large number of Minamata Byō sufferers, many die during the treatment, before treatment and other unreported levels contained in the bodies of fish and other marine invertebrate animals began to decline. To expect fish that have been debased mercury, the Japanese government introduced a net in Minamata Bay, with the goal that fish and other oceanic spineless creatures are not spread far.
Because fish containing mercury make the livelihood of fishermen lost. It is anticipated by the government and Chisso, all the fishes in the net in Minamata Bay are caught by the fishermen, then the fish will be catched by Chisso to be destroyed. The poison content found in fish and many other animal has decreased, even the catching of fish that contain the mercury, then what about the mercury sedimentation at the bottom of the waters. Kumamoto Local Government dredges in Minamata Bay.
From the moment of the tragedy of minamata, the inhabitants took many lessons. They do not throw garbage in any place, but they sort and classify the waste into 20 categories. The victims of Minamata byo shared their experience with the children by coming to the schools so that the next generation knew and could keep the environment well, so that the Minamata tragedy would not happen again.
At this moment, the minamata bay is clean and free of mercury, as informed by the Kumamoto regional government, even Minamata Bay is the cleanest bay in the Kumamoto prefecture. This area is also used as Eco-tourism, which teaches us how to live healthy and keep the environment so that we and our children and grandchildren can live in the future.
Recommendation:
We can take positive value on how the response by the government and the Japanese society in the face of a very difficult conditions. They are not looking for who is wrong or looking for a scapegoat in relation to a problem that is happening or that is worse taking advantage of the condition. But they reflect into themselves and unite to find the best solution to solve the problem at hand.
The point that should be our focus is how the Japanese government and society take lessons from what happens. Government with its function to take a position with new regulations related to waste or waste treatment. Japanese society itself does not silence, in addition to supporting the regulations made by the Japanese government, the community itself provides a debriefing of learning related tragedy to their young people so they realize about the importance of disposing of waste in place. It indirectly creates a positive waste dumping culture that gives long-term positive effects to the Japanese nation.
Company Visit Analysis Report
Bank (1999), it is known that the first position of waste production in the world in 1995 is the United States with an average of 2 kg / capita / day, followed by Australia with 1.89 kg / capita / , Followed by Canada with 1.8 kg / capita / day in third position, then Finland's fourth position with 1.7 kg / capita / day, Iceland with 1.53 kg / capita / day in fifth position, until finally Japan perform In sixth position representing the Asian region with 1.47 kg / capita / day beating other developed countries.
Thus, it can be understood that Japan, which falls into the category of a country with a very dense population and most industrial activities and its population centered in the city, is said to have a high average of urban solid waste. If traced through its history, it can be seen that the cause of the high rate of solid urban solid waste (kg / capita / day) produced in Japan is because Japan once experienced a long period of economic growth that focused on mass production, mass consumption, and Mass disposal. The consequence is that Japan is currently facing a host of pressing environmental issues, such as land shortage for landfill, and the threat of exhaustion of natural resources for the foreseeable future. Not to mention, the difficulty of obtaining suitable land for final disposal sites is increasing every year. So the Japanese government to implement some policies to manage the waste with the organized we are familiar with the term 3R movement.
The 3R movement in question is the movement to reduce the amount of waste produced by 'Reduce', the movement reuses waste components that can still be used 'Reuse', and the movement of recycling of second-hand products as new resource 'Recycle'. The emphasis on the 3R movement in managing waste into useful goods has been the main orientation in Japan, as it can also reduce the burden on landfills, also reduce the consumption of natural resources, and lighten the burden on the environment.
Waste (by type) must be disposed of at a designated place, at 8 am, on a predetermined day. For Shinjuku, Tokyo, garbage is divided into categories: combustible garbage (kitchen waste, small papers, small pieces of wood, diapers, cigarette butts, etc.), non-combustible (metal, rubber, Leather, plastic bags, small gas cylinders for small gas stoves placed on the table, etc.), and large garbage (not including air conditioning, TV, refrigerator, freezer, washing machine and computer). For large garbage, an agreement must be made first, while for garbage in the form of large electronic appliances there is a separate procedure associated with the manufacturer of the tool concerned or the nearest agent.
The collection of various types of garbage at the specified collection sites is done in turns, for example household waste is taken 3 times a week, container waste and plastic wrapping are taken once a week, etc. Each household should place its garbage bags or pocket-free garbage such as newspapers of former bonds into the various containers provided in landfills. And certain used items, such as batteries, must be collected or stored at a designated location.
There are 6 different types of garbage with different landfills or shelters:
1. Used newspapers, used magazines and the like (including brochures, wrapping paper, envelopes, notebooks, candy boxes, milk boxes, cardboard). Newspapers, magazine, etc. Must be neatly tied separately by type. Excludes bibs, plastic-coated paper, tissue, etc.
2. Bottles and cans (for food and drinks). Must be cleaned first. Discard bottles in yellow containers and cans in blue containers. Do not wrap it in plastic. Small bottles are not included in this category, but include non-combustible items.
4. Used batteries. There are collecting places for dry cell batteries, and flat batteries, nickel-cadmium or nickel-hydrogen (rechargeable) batteries.
5. Milk carton box. Take out the contents, rinse briefly, cut open the box, let dry, then tie the boxes that have been flaked with string. There are special places that provide shelters, such as supermarkets, local government facilities, etc.
6. Styrofoam container used. Usually accommodated in collection boxes provided at supermarkets, cooperative stores, etc.
In Japan itself in general, garbage is divided into 3 parts, namely:
1. Burnable Waste 2. Unburnable Waste 3. Electronic waste
For burnable waste, it is currently managed by Shin-Koto Incineration Plant. Founded in 1994, with a land area of 61,000 square meters and costs up to about 87,900,003,001 yen. It shows how serious the Japanese government to manage waste in the country. Shin-Koto Incineration Plant is expected to be a solution in handling waste treatment that can be burned.
Here is the process after burnable garbage is picked up from community houses or commercial waste to incineration plant:
1. The approaching waste is conveyed to the waste cremation plant and dumped into the holding range 2. The waste is then snatched and dropped into a container
3. From the container the waste is bit by bit bolstered into the incinerator
4. This incinerator keeps running at a scope of temperatures relying upon the sort of waste being burned. The warmth from the burning of the waste is then used to warm up the working liquid (typically water) in the kettle
5. The steam from this procedure is then channeled to a turbine generator to make power. The left finished consumed squander and heaviest slag falls into a gathering range
6. Now an electromagnet can be utilized to get any left finished metals that could then be reused. The vent gasses containing fine cinder and other poisonous vapors at that point go through a scrubber reactor 7. This scrubber treats the vent gasses for corrosive poisons, for example, SO2 and furthermore dioxins.
From the scrubber, the gasses would then be able to go through a fine particulate evacuation framework, which can additionally decrease the poisonous quality of the pipe gasses
8. The vent gasses are then discharged through the fireplace stack.
Not only that, this incineration plant also produce ash and fine aggregate which used as materials mix for hardening pedestrian area, highway, and even building. Water with high temperature from the burning of this waste is also used for the needs of tropical plant greenhouses.
Problems that occurred in Indonesia was not much different from what happened in Japan with tragedy bay Minamata. It's just the response of the government, companies, and Japanese society is very good related to waste problems. They take advantage of this disaster as a momentum to rise or even better. Japanese people really learn from the incident and pass on to the next generation to become embedded into the culture to pay attention to the cleanliness of the environment.
References:
Clean Authority of Tokyo. 2017. Waste Report 2017: Towards a recycling-oriented society. Tokyo: Clean Authority of Tokyo
https://theknightman.wordpress.com/2012/12/21/sebuah-pelajaran-dari-tragedi-minamata-%E6%B0%B4%E4%BF%A3%E7%97%85-minama-byo/
