COMPARATIVE STUDY ON DIRECTIVE SPEECH ACTS AND ITS RESPONSE BETWEEN INDONESIAN AND ENGLISH CHILDREN

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COMPARATIVE STUDY ON DIRECTIVE SPEECH ACTS

AND ITS RESPONSE BETWEEN INDONESIAN AND

ENGLISH CHILDREN

An Undergraduate Thesis

Submitted as a Partial Fulfilment of the Requirements for

Sarjana Sastra Degree

AYUDYA SRI KUSUMANINGRUM 1209010007

FACULTY OF LETTERS

MUHAMMADIYAH UNIVERSITY OF PURWOKERTO

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MOTTO

Better late than never

Impossible is nothing

Keep fighting!

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Dedication

This thesis is proudly dedicated to:

• My beloved father and mother. Sudiyatno and Tri Puji Astuti.

• My beloved sisters and brother. Widya Amalia Nur Asih, Dyassri Nata Aulia and Ibrahim.

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ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

First of all I would like to say thank to Allah who always give His guidance,

mercy, and permission so that I could finish my thesis as the partial fulfillment to

get Sarjana Sastra degree from Faculty of Letters of University of

Muhammadiyah Purwokerto.

Therefore, the researcher would like to express gratitude to those who

contribute the completion of this thesis:

1. Ambar Pujiyatno, S.S., M.Hum., as the Dean of Faculty of Lettes and also my

advisor. I would like to express my sincere and appreciation for your guiding,

correcting, for your kindness, for your time during the research, advice and

supervising this thesis.

2. All of my lecturers, Khristianto, S.S., M.Hum., Sulasih Nurhayati, S.S., M.Hum.,

Widya Nirmalawati, S.S., M. A., Titik Wahyuningsih, S.S., M.Hum., Bustanudin

As Suaidy, S.S., Fitri Rahmawati, S.S., M.Pd., and also Drs.Sukir Wantoso

thank you so much for knowledge, attention, kindness that have been given

to me.

3. My beloved father thanks for your support, prayers for me, you are my hero,

my everything. To my beloved mother, I hope you will always be happy

beside Allah. I miss you so much. I hope I will make you both proud of me.

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4. My grandmother and grandfather, my big family. Thanks much for your

support, endless love, prayer, motivation, everything and anything given to

me so I can finish this thesis.

5. My beloved sisters and brother. Thanks Wid, Ta and Bam for giving me love,

attention, spirit and support. I love you so much.

6. My beloved Andhika Maulana. Thanks for your support, patience, endless

love, attention, prayersand thanks for always standing beside me no matter

what. Thanks for everything. I love you.

7. My beloved friend Laras Sasih, Roisna Dewi, Amanda Bita, Emilia Eka, Afid,

Yudha, thanks for you all for your kindness, support, prayer, everything.

Thanks much.

8. My friends in Faculty of Letters academic year 2012-2013 thank you for

togetherness.

Last but not least, the researcher realized that this thesis far from being

perfect. Nevertheless, the researcher hopes that this thesis will give some

contributions to all of the readers.

Purwokerto, 23rdAugust 2017

Ayudya Sri Kusumaningrum

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ix ABSTRACT

Kusumaningrum, Ayudya Sri 1209010007, 2017. Comparative Study on Directive Speech Acts and its Response between Indonesian and English Children. Undergraduate Thesis for Sarjana Sastra Degree, English Department, Faculty of Letters, University of Muhammadiyah Purwokerto.

The aims of the research are to compare the use of directive speech acts between Indonesian and English children in the age of 3 years old and describe the response shown by the child when getting command sentence given by others, especially parents. This research is a qualitative descriptive research under pragmatic scene. The data in this study are videos which then written, the source comes which taken from conversations between children and parents in everyday life. In this study, researchers used Searle's theory of Speech Acts which focuses only on directive speech acts and kind of directive speech acts.

The results of this analysis are28 directive speech acts of 25 data. Kind of directive speech acts in this data are direct speech acts, indirect speech acts, direct literal speech acts, direct nonliteral speech acts, indirect literal speech acts and indirect nonliteral speech acts. Comparison found in this study is Indonesian children much more use direct speech acts and direct literal speech acts than English children. The respond showed by a smile, pointing, crying, shouting, and laughing. Sometimes children answer well sometimes children cannot did not respond while they are with their own activities.

Keywords: speech acts, directive, command, response and children.

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x INTISARI

Kusumaningrum, Ayudya Sri 1209010007, 2017. Syudi Komparativetentang Tindak Tutur Direktif dan Responnya antara Anak Berbahasa Indonesia dan Anak Berbahasa Inggris. Skripsi. Sastra Inggris, Fakultas Sastra, Universitas Muhammadiyah Purwokerto.

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membandingan penggunaan kalimat perintah antara anak bebahasa Indonesia dan anak berbahasa inggris berusia tiga tahun serta mendeskripsikan respon yang ditunjukan anakketika mendapatkan kalimat perintah yang diberikan oleh orang lain khususnya orang tua. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif kualitatif dibawah payung pragmatic. Data dalam penelitian ini adalah data video yang kemudian ditulis yang sumbernya berasal dari percakapan antara anak dan orangtua dalam kehidupan sehari-hari. Dalam penelitian ini peneliti menggunakan teori Searle mengenai Speech Acts yanghanya memfokuskan pada kalimat perintah dan jenisnya.

Hasil dari analisis ini ditemukan 28 tindak tutur direktif dari 25 data. Jenis-jenis tindak tutur direktif adalah tindak tutur direktif, tindak tutur tidak langsung,

tindak tutur direktif literal, tindak tutur langsung tidak literal, tindak tutur tidak

langsung literal,dan tindak tutur tidak langsung tidak literal. Perbedaan yang ditemukan dalam penelitian ini adalah bahwa anak berbahasa Indonesia lebih banyak menggunakan kalimat direktif secara singkat dari pada anak yang berbahasa inggris.Respon yang ditunjukan oleh anak saat diberikan perintah seperti senyum, menunjuk, menangis, berteriak, and tertawa. Terkadang anak merespon dengan baik terkadang anak tidak merespon terutama saat mereka sedang dengan aktifitasnya sendiri.

Kata kunci: tindak tutur,direktif, perintah, respon dan anak.

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A.6 Organization of the Research Report ... 6

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CHAPTER II REVIEW ON LITERATURE

B.1. Theoretical Framework ... 8

B.1.1 Pragmatics Development on Children... 8

B.1.2 Speech Acts ... 10

B.1.4.6 Direct Nonliteral Speech Acts ... 16

B.1.4.7 Indirect Literal Speech Acts ... 17

B.1.4.8 Indirect Nonliteral Speech Acts ... 17

B.1.5 Language Acquisition ... 18

B.1.5.1 Behaviorism Theory ... 19

B.1.5.2 Nativism Theory ... 19

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B.1.5.3 Convergence Theory ... 20

B.2 Review of Related Researches ... 20

CHAPTER III RESEARCH METHODOLOGY C.1 Types of Research ... 23

C.2 Data and Source of Data ... 24

C.2.1 Data ... 24

C.2.2 Source of Data ... 24

C.3 Techniques of Collecting Data ... 25

C.4 Techniques of Analysis Data ... 25

CHAPTER IV DATA ANALYSIS D.1 Data Description ... 26

D.2 Data Analysis ... 26

D.2.1 Directive Speech Acts of Children Utterance in Indonesian and English Children ... 26

D.2.2 Discussion ... 52

D.2.2.1 Comparison between Indonesian and English Children ... 52

CHAPTER V CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTION E.1Conclusion ... 57

E.2 Suggestion ... 58

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REFERENCES ... 59

APPENDICES ... 62

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LIST OF TABLES

Table 1. The Five General Function of Speech Acts Following Searle ... 14

Table 2. The Meaning inside Speech Acts by Wijana and Rohmadi ... 15

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LIST OF APPENDICES

THE TRANSCRIPT VIDEO OF INDONESIAN AND ENGLISH CHILDREN ... 62