vii
ABSTRACT
Sulistiani, Vinsensia. 2015.
Santiago’s Intrapersonal Conflicts in Pursuing His
Dream as Seen in Coelho’s
The Alchemist
. Yogyakarta: English Language
Education Study Program, Department of Language and Arts Education, Faculty
of Teachers Training and Education, Sanata Dharma University.
This paper discusses a novel entitled
The Alchemist
by Paulo Coelho.
Further, it
analyzes Santiago’s intrapersonal conflict in pursuing his
dream. This
novel tells about Santiago. He is a shepherd from Andalusia who loves travelling.
When he stays in an abandoned church, he has a dream about a hidden treasure
twice. It is buried near the Egyptian pyramids. In pursuing the treasure, he has to
face several intrapersonal conflicts.
This paper aims to find out Santiago’s intrapersonal conflicts in pursuing
his dream. Therefore, there are two problems formulated in this paper. First,
“H
ow is Santiago described in the novel?
”
Second
, “W
hat are
Santiago’s
intrapersonal conflicts in pursuing his dream?
”
Further, this study is a library study.
The Alchemist
written by Paulo
Coelho is the primary source of this study. The other sources are taken from
books related to critical approaches to literature, psychology, and some articles are
taken from the internet. The psychological approach is employed in this study.
Some theories used in this study are theory of character and characterization,
theory of conflict and conflict resolution.
Based on the analysis, Santiago is described as a man who is adventurous,
determined, and optimistic. Furthermore, he has three intrapersonal conflicts in
pursuing his dream. Firstly, he has to decide whether to sell his sheep or not
which is classified as approach-avoidance conflict. He applies
know who is
involved
to solve the conflict. The second conflict is to decide whether to return to
Spain or not which is categorized as an approach-avoidance conflict. In dealing
with this conflict, he chooses
avoiding
style and then he uses
know who is
involved
. The third conflict is to decide whether to leave Fatima or not which is
considered as approach-avoidance conflict. He uses mediation to solve this
conflict.
This study also gives several recommendations to future researchers who
are interested in analyzing
The Alchemist
. Future researchers may analyze
Santiago’s motivation in pursuing his dream. They can also analyze
the symbols
in the novel such as
“
the alchemist
”
or
“
the treasure
”
. Further, after analyzing
The
Alchemist
, this study also presents an implication.
viii
ABSTRAK
Sulistiani, Vinsensia. 2015.
Santiago’s Intrapersonal Conflicts in Pursuing His
Dream as Seen in
Coelho’s The Alchemist
. Yogyakarta: Program Studi
Pendidikan Bahasa Inggris, Jurusan Pendidikan Bahasa dan Seni, Fakultas
Keguruan dan Ilmu Pendidikan, Universitas Sanata Dharma.
Makalah ini membahas tentang sebuah novel berjudul
The Alchemist
karangan Paulo Coelho. Selanjutnya, makalah ini menganalisis konflik-konflik
intrapersonal Santiago dalam memperjuangkan mimpinya. Novel ini bercerita
tentang Santiago. Dia adalah seorang gembala laki-laki dari Andalusia yang
sangat suka berkelana. Suatu hari, ketika menginap di sebuah gereja tua, dia
mengalami mimpi dua kali tentang harta karun. Harta itu terpendam di dekat
piramida-piramida di Mesir. Dalam memperjuangkan harta karun itu, dia harus
mengalami konflik-konflik dengan dirinya sendiri.
Makalah ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis konflik-konflik intrapersonal
yang dialami Santiago dalam memperjuangkan impiannya. Oleh karena itu, dua
masalah dirumuskan dalam makalah ini. Pertama, Bagaimana Santiago
digambarkan dalam novel? Kedua, Apa saja konflik-konflik intrapersonal
Santiago dalam memperjuangkan impiannya?
Selain itu, studi ini merupakan studi pustaka. Novel berjudul
The
Alchemist
karangan Paulo Coelho adalah sumber utama penelitian ini.
Sumber-sumber lain yang mendukung diambil dari berbagai buku yang berkaitan dengan
sastra dan pendekatan sastra, psikologi, dan beberapa artikel yang diambil dari
internet. Pendekatan psikologi digunakan dalam penelitian ini. Beberapa teori
yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah teori karakter dan karakterisasi,
teori konflik dan pemecahan konflik.
Berdasarkan hasil analisis, Santiago digambarkan sebagai seorang yang
berjiwa petualang, gigih, dan optimis. Selain itu, Santiago memiliki tiga konflik
intrapersonal dalam memperjuangkan impiannya. Pertama, Santiago harus
memutuskan untuk menjual dombanya atau tidak yang merupakan konflik
approach-avoidance. Santiago menggunakan
know who is involved
untuk
menyelesaikan konflik pertama. Konflik kedua adalah keputusan untuk kembali ke
Spanyol atau tidak yang digolongkan sebagai konflik
approach-avoidance
. Untuk
memecahkan konflik ini, Santiago menerapkan gaya
avoiding
, kemudian
menggunakan
know who is involved
. Konflik ketiga adalah tentang keputusan
untuk meninggalkan Fatima atau tidak yang dikategorikan sebagai konflik
approach-avoidance
. Mediasi digunakan untuk memecahkan konflik ini.
Beberapa rekomendasi diberikan kepada para peneliti selanjutnya yang
ingin menganalisis
The Alchemist
. Mereka dapat menganalisis tentang motivasi
Santiago untuk mengejar impiannya. Selain itu, mereka juga dapat menganalisis
tentang simbol-simbol yang ada di novel seperti
“
sang alkemis
”
dan
“
harta
karun
”
. Pada akhirnya, makalah ini juga memberikan sebuah implikasi.
SANTIAGO’S INTRAPERSONAL CONFLICTS IN PURSUING
HIS DREAM AS SEEN IN COELHO’S
THE ALCHEMIST
A SARJANA PENDIDIKAN FINAL PAPER
Presented as Partial Fulfillment of Requirements to Obtain the Sarjana Pendidikan Degree
in English Language Education
By
Vinsensia Sulistiani Students Number: 081214101
ENGLISH LANGUAGE EDUCATION STUDY PROGRAM DEPARTMENT OF LANGUAGE AND ARTS EDUCATION FACULTY OF TEACHERS TRAINING AND EDUCATION
SANATA DHARMA UNIVERSITY YOGYAKARTA
i
SANTIAGO’S INTRAPERSONAL CONFLICTS IN PURSUING
HIS DREAM AS SEEN IN COELHO’S
THE ALCHEMIST
A SARJANA PENDIDIKAN FINAL PAPER
Presented as Partial Fulfillment of Requirements to Obtain the Sarjana Pendidikan Degree
in English Language Education
By
Vinsensia Sulistiani Students Number: 081214101
ENGLISH LANGUAGE EDUCATION STUDY PROGRAM DEPARTMENT OF LANGUAGE AND ARTS EDUCATION FACULTY OF TEACHERS TRAINING AND EDUCATION
SANATA DHARMA UNIVERSITY YOGYAKARTA
ii
iii
iv
for
Don
the Lord
n’t be frig
d your God
(J
v ghtened o
d is with y
Joshua 1:9)
This fi Ib Ba Ab My
or dismay
you when
)
final pape bu Yuliana
apak Stefa
bang Dioni
yself
yed
never you
er is dedic Tukirah nus Joko P sius Sutar
u go
cated to :
vi
vii
ABSTRACT
Sulistiani, Vinsensia. 2015. Santiago’s Intrapersonal Conflicts in Pursuing His Dream as Seen in Coelho’s The Alchemist. Yogyakarta: English Language Education Study Program, Department of Language and Arts Education, Faculty of Teachers Training and Education, Sanata Dharma University.
This paper discusses a novel entitled The Alchemist by Paulo Coelho. Further, it analyzes Santiago’s intrapersonal conflict in pursuing his dream. This novel tells about Santiago. He is a shepherd from Andalusia who loves travelling. When he stays in an abandoned church, he has a dream about a hidden treasure twice. It is buried near the Egyptian pyramids. In pursuing the treasure, he has to face several intrapersonal conflicts.
This paper aims to find out Santiago’s intrapersonal conflicts in pursuing his dream. Therefore, there are two problems formulated in this paper. First, “How is Santiago described in the novel?” Second, “What are Santiago’s intrapersonal conflicts in pursuing his dream?”
Further, this study is a library study. The Alchemist written by Paulo Coelho is the primary source of this study. The other sources are taken from books related to critical approaches to literature, psychology, and some articles are taken from the internet. The psychological approach is employed in this study. Some theories used in this study are theory of character and characterization, theory of conflict and conflict resolution.
Based on the analysis, Santiago is described as a man who is adventurous, determined, and optimistic. Furthermore, he has three intrapersonal conflicts in pursuing his dream. Firstly, he has to decide whether to sell his sheep or not which is classified as approach-avoidance conflict. He applies know who is involved to solve the conflict. The second conflict is to decide whether to return to Spain or not which is categorized as an approach-avoidance conflict. In dealing with this conflict, he chooses avoiding style and then he uses know who is involved. The third conflict is to decide whether to leave Fatima or not which is considered as approach-avoidance conflict. He uses mediation to solve this conflict.
This study also gives several recommendations to future researchers who are interested in analyzing The Alchemist. Future researchers may analyze Santiago’s motivation in pursuing his dream. They can also analyze the symbols in the novel such as “the alchemist” or “the treasure”. Further, after analyzing The Alchemist, this study also presents an implication.
Key words: intrapersonal conflict, conflict resolution, the alchemist, treasure
viii
ABSTRAK
Sulistiani, Vinsensia. 2015. Santiago’s Intrapersonal Conflicts in Pursuing His Dream as Seen in Coelho’s The Alchemist. Yogyakarta: Program Studi Pendidikan Bahasa Inggris, Jurusan Pendidikan Bahasa dan Seni, Fakultas Keguruan dan Ilmu Pendidikan, Universitas Sanata Dharma.
Makalah ini membahas tentang sebuah novel berjudul The Alchemist
karangan Paulo Coelho. Selanjutnya, makalah ini menganalisis konflik-konflik intrapersonal Santiago dalam memperjuangkan mimpinya. Novel ini bercerita tentang Santiago. Dia adalah seorang gembala laki-laki dari Andalusia yang sangat suka berkelana. Suatu hari, ketika menginap di sebuah gereja tua, dia mengalami mimpi dua kali tentang harta karun. Harta itu terpendam di dekat piramida-piramida di Mesir. Dalam memperjuangkan harta karun itu, dia harus mengalami konflik-konflik dengan dirinya sendiri.
Makalah ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis konflik-konflik intrapersonal yang dialami Santiago dalam memperjuangkan impiannya. Oleh karena itu, dua masalah dirumuskan dalam makalah ini. Pertama, Bagaimana Santiago digambarkan dalam novel? Kedua, Apa saja konflik-konflik intrapersonal Santiago dalam memperjuangkan impiannya?
Selain itu, studi ini merupakan studi pustaka. Novel berjudul The Alchemist karangan Paulo Coelho adalah sumber utama penelitian ini. Sumber-sumber lain yang mendukung diambil dari berbagai buku yang berkaitan dengan sastra dan pendekatan sastra, psikologi, dan beberapa artikel yang diambil dari internet. Pendekatan psikologi digunakan dalam penelitian ini. Beberapa teori yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah teori karakter dan karakterisasi, teori konflik dan pemecahan konflik.
Berdasarkan hasil analisis, Santiago digambarkan sebagai seorang yang berjiwa petualang, gigih, dan optimis. Selain itu, Santiago memiliki tiga konflik intrapersonal dalam memperjuangkan impiannya. Pertama, Santiago harus memutuskan untuk menjual dombanya atau tidak yang merupakan konflik approach-avoidance. Santiago menggunakan know who is involved untuk menyelesaikan konflik pertama. Konflik kedua adalah keputusan untuk kembali ke Spanyol atau tidak yang digolongkan sebagai konflik approach-avoidance. Untuk memecahkan konflik ini, Santiago menerapkan gaya avoiding, kemudian menggunakan know who is involved. Konflik ketiga adalah tentang keputusan untuk meninggalkan Fatima atau tidak yang dikategorikan sebagai konflik
approach-avoidance. Mediasi digunakan untuk memecahkan konflik ini.
Beberapa rekomendasi diberikan kepada para peneliti selanjutnya yang ingin menganalisis The Alchemist. Mereka dapat menganalisis tentang motivasi Santiago untuk mengejar impiannya. Selain itu, mereka juga dapat menganalisis tentang simbol-simbol yang ada di novel seperti “sang alkemis” dan “harta karun”. Pada akhirnya, makalah ini juga memberikan sebuah implikasi.
ix
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
First of all, I would like to address my sincere gratitude to Almighty God. I
can finish this paper because of His love and blessing. I thank Him for being a
faithfulGuide who never leaves me, especially when struggling to finish my final
paper.
Furthermore, I am deeply indebted to Dr. Antonius Herujiyanto, M.A. for
his patience, guidance, advice, and time during the process of finishing my final
paper. Additionally, I would like to express my great appreciation to all PBI
lecturers who have taught and helped me during my study in Sanata Dharma
University.
My eternal gratitude goes to my beloved parents, IbuYulianaTukirah and
BapakStefanusJokoPurnomo for believing in my capacity to finish my study, for material and spiritual support, and for all the good things they have given to me. I
thank Bang DionisiusSutarto, my elder brother, for giving me encouragement to finish this study. My gratitude is also addressed to all the members of Sunter
family, especially the late PakdeYatno and the late BudeRusmiyati, MasMoko, andEnengTiwi for their kindness, advice, and support. I also thankPakOto, Mas Santo,MbakMuginah, DekEfri, and AdenAnggifor their encouragement and advice.
I want to express mythanks toall of my friends, namelyChristina Prima W.,
YolanMooy, Lusia Hani S., Paulina H.I., Agatha Viti A., Agatha TriAgungB.L.,
x
MasAdiHermawanfor giving me a great deal of encouragement. Additionally, I would like to address my gratefulness to Patricia Yuristavia, Sister Fortunata,
MbakWinda, AndreoAsdifati, Elizabeth, GrasiaAnggia and HenyArdyaningrum for the jokes, help, support, and sharing during the process of finishing this paper.
I also want to thank the members of “Enlight” group, namely Riska, Lia, Rika,
and Widifortheir friendship. Further, my gratitudealso goes tomy friends in junior
high school and senior high school, namely M. F. Clarissa, Giovanny
S.,Ambrosiana C.,WidyaJ., and Cindy for their friendship and support.
I would like to express my thankfulness to MbakDanik for her help. My appreciation also goes to all of the library staff of Sanata Dharma University for
their service during my study. Further, I do realize that there are still many names
which I have not mentioned yet. Therefore, I am immensely grateful for what they
have done, especially during the time of finishing this final paper.
May God give them the best in return☺.
Vinsensia Sulistiani
xi
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Page
TITLE PAGE ... i
APPROVAL PAGES ... ii
STATEMENT OF WORK’S ORIGINALITY ... iv
DEDICATION PAGE ... v
PERNYATAAN PERSETUJUAN PUBLIKASI ... vi
ABSTRACT ... vii
ABSTRAK ... viii
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ... ix
TABLE OF CONTENTS ... xi
LIST OF APPENDICES ... xiii
CHAPTER I. INTRODUCTION ... 1
A. Background of the Study ... 1
B. Review of Related Literature ... 3
1. Theory of Character ... 3
2. Theory of Characterization ... 4
3. Theory of Conflict ... 6
C. Theoretical Framework ... 9
D. Approach of the Study ... 9
xii
CHAPTER II. DISCUSSION ... 12
A. The Description of Santiago in The Alchemist ... 12
1. Adventurous ... 12
2. Determined ... 14
3. Optimistic ... 15
B. Santiago’s Intrapersonal Conflicts in Pursuing His Dream ... 16
1. To decide whether to Sell His Sheep or not ... 16
2. To decide whether to Return to Spain or not ... 18
3. To decide whether to Leave Fatima or not ... 20
CHAPTER III. CONCLUSIONS, IMPLICATION, AND RECOMMENDATIONS ... 22
A. Conclusions ... 22
B. Implication ... 24
C. Recommendations ... 26
REFERENCES ... 27
xiii
LIST OF APPENDICES
Page
Appendix A: Summary of The Alchemist ... 29
Appendix B: The Biography of Paulo Coelho ... 33
Appendix C: Lesson Plan to Teach Prose ... 34
Appendix D: The Student’s Worksheet ... 37
Appendix E: The Student’s Handout ... 39
1
CHAPTER I
INTRODUCTION
This chapter consists of the background of the study, review of related
literature, theoretical framework, approach of the study, and method of the study.
The background of the study explains the reason of conducting the study. The
review of related literature shows some theories which are employed in the study.
The theoretical framework presents how the theories are applied in the study. The
approach of the study describes the approach used in the study. The method of the
study presents some steps of conducting the study.
A.Background of the Study
Works of literature can be divided into four genres, namely short stories,
novels, poetry, and plays (Rohrberger and Woods, 1971). Further, according to
Barnet, Burto, and Cain (2005), literature tells about human experiences which are
thoroughly made by the author so that it gives the readers things to value.
Therefore, reading literary works, such as novels enables the readers to understand
human experiences which are portrayed through what happens to the fictional
characters. An example of human experiences which is portrayed in a novel can
be about intrapersonal conflict in pursuing one’s dream.
Dream is something that people want to achieve in life. Therefore, people
are willing to do everything to make it come true. However, living out one’s
dream is not always easy. There is a possibility that people may face a difficulty
failure in pursuing their dreams. Nonetheless, all of those possibilities make their
lives worth living.
Further, facing the difficulty or failure may lead people to stop pursuing
their dreams. Then, they sometimes choose to live in a comfortable life in which
everything can be handled easily. Yet, it does not always make them happy.
When people have a dream to pursue, living in a comfortable life does not
always bring them happiness. However, pursuing a dream requires people to face
the difficulty. When these choices appear at the same time, it is possible to bring
people into uncertainty. It is because every choice has a consequence. Thus, it is
hard for them to make a decision. Further, this situation can trigger an
intrapersonal conflict. Lewin states that an intrapersonal conflict occurs when
people, at the same time, face two or more opposing forces that make them move
from one direction to another (as cited in Weiner, 1980). According to Kennedy
and Gioia (2010), conflict usually exists when there are some persons or things
that inhibit the protagonist from achieving his or her goal.
The Alchemist, a novel written by Paulo Coelho, tries to describe such experience. The novel tells about Santiago. He is a young shepherd from
Andalusia. One day, while staying in an abandoned church, he dreams twice about
a hidden treasure in Egypt. He wants to search for the treasure. However, in
pursuing his dream, he has to deal with several intrapersonal conflicts.
Therefore, this study aims to find out Santiago’s intrapersonal conflicts in
The first is “How is Santiago described in the novel?” The second is “What are
Santiago’s intrapersonal conflicts in pursuing his dream?”
Furthermore, this paper hopefully can give the readers an understanding of
the meaning of a novel entitled The Alchemist especially in dealing with intrapersonal conflict. Future researchers who are interested in the novel can
analyze the motivation of Santiago in pursuing his dream. Besides, they can also
analyze the symbols in the novel such as “the alchemist” or “the treasure”.
B.Review of Related Literature
This section contains several theories applied in this study. Each will be
explained as follows.
1. Theory of Character
Several experts have defined the meaning of characters in literary works.
For instance, Kennedy and Gioia (2010) describe a character as a made-up person
who exists in a story and behaves consistently because of his or her motive.
Furthermore, Abrams and Harpham (2009) in A Glossary of Literary Terms
describe characters as:
The persons represented in a dramatic or narrative work, who are interpreted by the reader as possessing moral, intellectual, and emotional qualities by inferences from what the persons say and their distinctive ways of saying it—the dialogue—and from what they do—the action (p. 43).
In other words, the characters are the people existing in literary works whose
morality, intelligence, and emotion can be inferred by the readers from their
Moreover, characters in a story can be classified as major and minor
characters (Koesnosoebroto, 1988). The major characters are the most essential
characters in a story. On the other hand, the minor characters are less essential
than the major ones because they only appear in a certain part of a story.
According to E.M. Forster, fictional characters can also be divided into
two types, namely “flat” and “round” characters (as cited in Abrams and
Harpham, 2009, p. 43). The former is described as the characters whose
characteristic does not have much detail. They usually have only one personality
and thus can be described in a single phrase or sentence. The latter is more
complicated in temperament and motivation. In addition to round characters, they
are presented with characteristics which are not immediately noticeable, and
therefore they are difficult to be described in a single sentence. In addition, Arp
and Johnson (2012) state that characters can be classified into two types, “static”
and “dynamic” or “developing” characters (p. 106). The static characters remain
the same from the beginning until the end of the story. Meanwhile, the dynamic
characters experience some changes in character, personality, or attitude.
2. Theory of Characterization
Theory of characterization is applied in this study. It is used in order to
know how the author portrays his or her characters in a story. The following are
several definitions of characterization.
According to Abcarian & Klotz (1998), characterization is a method which
aims to make the characters in literary works alive for the readers. Furthermore,
in which the author attempts to make his characters understandable to and come
alive for his readers” (p. 61). It means that the characterization is a technique that
the author uses to describe the characters in literary works so that they seem lively
and can be understood by the readers.
As proposed by Murphy (1972), the following ways show how the author
describes his or her characters in literary works.
a. Personal description
A character can be portrayed through the way he or she looks like or the way
he or she wears clothes, for instance, the author directly shows the shape of
their body, their skin, their face, and their clothing.
b. Character as seen by another
The author can also represent his or her character from the point of view of
other characters. From the other characters’ point of view, the readers can get
the description of the character’s personality or appearance.
c. Speech
The author can also represent the personality of his or her character through
the way he or she speaks, the way he or she gives an idea, or the way he or
she is talking with another characters.
d. Past life
The author helps the readers to discover the character’s personality from his
e. Conversation of others
The readers can also determine the character’s personality from the
conversation between the characters in the story and from what other
characters say about him or her.
f. Reactions
The personality of the character can also be seen through the way he or she
gives a response to an event or situation happening to him or her.
g. Direct comment
The author directly gives his or her opinion of what kind of person his or her
character is.
h. Thoughts
The readers can have an insight of the character’s personality in a literary
work through what is on the character’s mind.
i. Mannerism
The character’s personality can also be seen through his or her action.
3. Theory of Conflict
a. Definition and Types of Conflict
Conflict can be divided into two types, namely intrapersonal conflict and
interpersonal conflict (Worchel and Cooper, 1979). The intrapersonal conflict is a
conflict when a person has to make a decision between two or more different
choices. Meanwhile, the interpersonal conflict is a conflict between two or more
Moreover, Lewin, as cited in Weiner (1980), defines a conflict as a
situation in which many opposing forces are acting upon a person, causing the
person to move into different direction. Further, Lewin has classified a conflict
into three types, namely “approach-approach”, “avoidance-avoidance”, and
“approach-avoidance” (as cited in Weiner, 1980, p. 154). These types of conflict
are explained as follows. The first type of conflict is approach-approach. The
conflict appears when a person deals with two attractive goals. The conflict is
unstable since it is easy to solve. The second type is avoidance-avoidance conflict.
A person faces this conflict when he or she deals with two unattractive goals. The
conflict is stable since it is usually difficult to solve. The third type is
approach-avoidance conflict. A person experiences this conflict when he or she deals with a
goal which has both attractive and unattractive aspects. Moreover, this conflict
seems stable because it cannot be solved easily.
b. Conflict Resolution
Decenzo and Silhanek (2002) propose several ways that can be used in
dealing with conflict; they are “pick your battles”, “know who is involved”,
“determine the conflict source”, and “respond to the conflict” (pp. 288-291). The
first is pick your battles. In this case, a person is doing nothing. It seems that an individual is trying to escape from the conflict. Yet, sometimes this skill is
effective, especially when the conflicting parties want to continue the
disagreement or when the situation is hard to handle.
in the conflict, the interest, the importance, the character, the feelings, or the
assets of each party.
The third is determine the conflict source. In dealing with conflict, a person can try to find the reason that triggers the conflict. There are two sources
that commonly cause a conflict, namely communication or personal differences.
Decenzo and Silhanek (2002) state that communication differences are conflicts
caused by “difficult semantic misunderstanding, or unpleasant sound in
communication channels” (p. 290). Meanwhile, personal differences are
differences which result from an individual’s value or belief.
The last is respond to the conflict. There are some responses in coping with conflict, such as avoiding, accommodating, compromising, forcing, and
collaborating. In avoiding style, a person usually tries to deny or to escape from a conflict. Accommodating style refers to approaching a conflict by sacrificing one’s own interest or concern while giving others a chance to get what they want.
Compromising style is used when a person is sacrificing their own interest partially in order to meet an agreement in satisfying both interests. Forcing style enables one party to achieve his or her goal while others have to lose their goals.
Collaborating style is approaching a conflict by satisfying the interests of both parties.
Moreover, Borisoff and Victor (1989) propose two ways in dealing with
conflict, especially when a person cannot solve his or her conflict on their own.
Thus, a person needs someone else to be involved in handling the conflict. They
someone who is neutral and helps the conflicting parties to determine and
understand all the facts. Meanwhile, an arbitrator is a third party who manages the
differences and makes a decision.
C.Theoretical Framework
The use of each theory applied in this study is explained as follows. First,
theory of character by Abrams and Harpham, Arp and Johnson, Koesnosoebroto,
and E. M. Forster are used to describe what type of character Santiago is. Besides,
Murphy’s theory of characterization is employed to show how Paulo Coelho
describes Santiago’s characteristics in the novel. Then, theory of the types of
conflict by Worchel and Cooper is applied to identify what kind of conflict that
Santiago faces. Lewin’s theory of intrapersonal conflict is used to examine
Santiago’s intrapersonal conflicts in pursuing his dream. After examining
Santiago’s intrapersonal conflicts, several theories of conflict resolution proposed
by Decenzo and Silhanek, Borisoff and Victor are used to find out the resolutions
of Santiago’s intrapersonal conflicts.
D.Approach of the Study
In Reading and Writing about Literature, Rohrberger and Woods (1971) state that to be able to comprehend the meaning and the value of literary works,
critical approaches to literature are needed. In addition, applying a critical
approach is helpful to give a careful and reasonable judgment on a literary work
approaches to literature is psychological approach. It focuses on an understanding
of human nature through how characters in literary works behave (Kennedy &
Gioia, 1999).
The psychological approach is applied because this study aims to find out
Santiago’s intrapersonal conflicts in pursuing his dream. Since intrapersonal
conflict deals with a struggle between two or more desires existing within a
person’s mind, thus it is included in one of some aspects in psychological field. In
addition, the way Santiago solves his conflict shows one’s behavior which is
included in psychological field. Therefore, this approach is appropriate to be used
in this study.
E.Method of the Study
Library study is used as a method in this study. According to George
(2008), library research method is defined as a method which “involves
identifying and locating sources that provide factual information or personal or
expert opinion on a research question” (p. 6). By using library study, the
researchers can select and find the sources which are needed to analyze the
problems formulated in the study.
Further, both primary and secondary sources are used in conducting this
study. The primary source of this study is a novel entitled The Alchemist by Paulo Coelho. The secondary sources are taken from some books related to literature,
critical approaches to literature, and psychological theories. Besides, some articles
Moreover, in order to answer the formulated problems, there are some
steps in conducting this study. First, the novel is read several times. Second, after
having read the novel thoroughly, one topic is chosen. That is the Santiago’s
intrapersonal conflicts in pursuing his dream. Third, some notes related to the
topic are taken. Fourth, some books and articles related to the topic are gathered.
Fifth, the character and the characterization of Santiago are analyzed. Sixth, his
intrapersonal conflicts and the conflict resolutions are analyzed. Seventh, the
conclusions are drawn. Then, an implication is made. The last, several
12
CHAPTER II
DISCUSSION
This part aims to answer the problems formulated in this study. It is
divided into two sections. The first section focuses on the description of Santiago
in the novel. The second section analyzes Santiago’s intrapersonal conflicts in
pursuing his dream.
A. The Description of Santiago in The Alchemist
Santiago is one of the characters in The Alchemist. According to Koesnosoebroto (1988), Santiago can be categorized as a major character because
he appears intensely in the story. Moreover, according to Forster, as cited in
Abrams and Harpham (2009), he is classifed as a round character because his
characters cannot be easily described in a single phrase or sentence. Furthermore,
based on Arp & Johnson (2012), Santiago is described as a dynamic character
since he has been changing along the story. For instance, he eventually can speak
Arabic after staying for several months in Tangier and he also changes his
clothing style as well. Further, his perception of the treasure also changes as he
learns from his experience along the journey to pursue his dream. Moreover, by
using Murphy’s theory of characterization, the way Paulo Coelho describes
Santiago’s characteristics in The Alchemist can be explained as follows. 1. Adventurous
Santiago is eager to try something new. It is seen when he always tries to
through Coelho’s direct comment, “Whenever he could he sought out a new road
to travel” (p. 10). Besides, this characteristic can be seen through Santiago’s
thought when he decides to continue going to Egypt instead of looking after his
flock again in Andalusia. His decision shows that he is ready to have a new
experience. “I can always go back to being a shepherd, the boy thought. I learned
how to care for sheep, and I haven’t forgotten how that’s done. But, maybe I’ll
never have another chance to get to the Pyramids in Egypt” (p. 67).
Besides, his adventurous character can be seen when he is willing to take
risks to pursue his dream. It is seen when he gives up his flock in order to get to
Egypt. His flock is the only thing he has. He risks selling his flock even though he
has never been to Egypt and he does not know whether he will be able to find the
treasure. Another example of his adventurous character is when he has an idea to
build a crystal display outside the shop. After Santiago tells his idea, the crystal
merchant is worried about it. He worries that people who pass by will only break
it.
“I’d like to build a display case for the crystal,” said the boy to the
merchant. “We could place it outside, and attract those people who pass at the bottom of the hill.”
“I‘ve never had one before,” the merchant answered. “People will pass by and bump into it, and pieces will be broken.”
“Well, when I took my sheep through the fields, some of them might have died if we come upon a snake. But, that’s the way life is with sheep and with shepherd” (p. 53).
From his speech, it can be assumed that Santiago wants to take risks for
his plan. By giving an example of his past experience when becoming a shepherd,
Santiago wants to tell the crystal merchant that every job has its risk. The fact that
2. Determined
Santiago keeps trying to realize what he wants. His determination can be
seen from his past life. He keeps telling his father that he really wants to travel
even though his father thinks that he does not need to travel. According to his
father, it is because their countryside is the best and people who see it want to stay
there forever.
“People from all over the world have passed through this village, son,” said his father. “They come in search of new things, but when they leave they are basically the same people they were when they arrived. They climbed the mountain to see the castle, and they wind up thinking that the past was better that what we have now. They have blond hair, or dark skin, but basically they’re the same people who live right here.”
“But I’d like to see the castles in the towns where they live,” the boy explained.
“Those people, when they see our land, say that they would like to live here forever,” his father continued.
“Well, I’d like to see their land and see how they live,” said his son. “The people who come here have a lot of money to spend, so they can afford to travel,” his father said. “Among us, the only one who travel are shepherds.”
“Well then I’ll be a shepherd!”
His father said no more. The next day he gave his son a pouch that held three ancient Spanish gold coins (p. 9).
Another example of his determination is seen from his reaction to the
crystal merchant’s offer to buy a return ticket to Spain. After losing all of his
money, he knows from the merchant that he needs a lot of money to get to Egypt
because the distance between Tangier and Egypt is so far. To accept the offer
from the crystal merchant means that he gives up facing the difficult situation.
Instead of receiving money from the merchant and going back to Spain, Santiago
There was a moment of silence so profound that it seemed the city was asleep... He sat there, staring blankly through the door of the cafe, wishing that he had died, and that everything would end forever at that moment. The merchant looked anxiously at the boy. All the joy he had seen that morning had suddenly disappeared.
“I can give you the money you need to get back to your country, my son,” said the crystal merchant.
The boy said nothing. He got up, adjusted his clothing, and picked up his pouch.
“I’ll work for you,” he said.
And after another silence, he added, “I need money to buy some sheep” (pp. 49-50).
3. Optimistic
Facing an unfamiliar situation in Africa, he hopes that something good will
happen. Having seen how strange Africa is, Santiago begins to feel alone. When
he thinks about the signs and omens he used to learn, he believes that God will
also guide him as He leads his sheep. This character can be shown through his
thought, “If God leads the sheep so well, he will also lead a man,” he thought, and
that made him feel better” (p. 37).
Another example of his being optimistic can be concluded from his
speech. Having seen a man who needs a cozy place to drink after climbing the
hill, Santiago tells the merchant about his idea to sell tea in crystal glasses. Even
though there are many shops which already sell tea, Santiago is confident enough
that selling tea in crystal glasses will attract more customers. He believes that they
will buy the crystal glasses.
One afternoon he had seen a man at the top of the hill, complaining that it was impossible to find a decent place to get something to drink after such a climb. The boy, accustomed to recognizing omens, spoke to the merchant. “Let’s sell tea to the people who climb the hill.”
“But we could sell tea in crystal glasses. The people will enjoy the tea and want to buy the glasses. I’ve been told that beauty is a great seducer of men” (pp. 58-59).
B. Santiago’s Intrapersonal Conflicts in Pursuing His Dream
In trying to pursue his dream, Santiago experiences three intrapersonal
conflicts. The first conflict is to decide whether to sell his flock or not. The second
one is to decide whether to return to Spain or not. The last one is to decide
whether to leave Fatima or not. These conflicts are explained as follows.
1. To Decide whether to Sell His Sheep or not
The first intrapersonal conflict faced by Santiago is to decide whether to
sell his sheep or not. The conflict appears after he meets Melchizedek. He is an
old man who promises to tell Santiago how to find the treasure on condition that
he has to give one tenth of his flock. The conflict happens because Santiago wants
to know how to find it but he has to give one tenth of his flock to the old man. He
then starts to think about selling his sheep. By selling his sheep, Santiago will
have a chance to travel searching for the treasure. On the other hand, his flock is
his companion in travelling around Andalusia. However, Santiago starts to realize
that he has been accustomed to look after them. Even though he is accustomed to
do that, he begins to feel burdened since the flock only concerns with food and
water. Yet, if he decides to sell his sheep, he will have to leave something he has
been accustomed to. It is life as a shepherd. That is why he is in conflict with
himself when he has to decide whether to sell his sheep or not.
“Can I help you?” asked the man behind the window.
“Maybe tomorrow,” said the boy, moving away. If he sold just one of his sheep, he’d have enough to get to the other shore of the strait. The idea frightened him.
“Another dreamer,” said the ticket seller to his assistant, watching the boy walk away. “He doesn’t have enough money to travel.”
While standing at the ticket window, the boy had remembered his flock, and decided he should go back to being a shepherd. In two years he had learned everything about shepherding: he knew how to shear sheep, how to care for pregnant ewes, and how to protect the sheep from wolves. He knew all the fields and pastures of Andalusia. And he knew what was the fair price for every one of his animals (p. 27).
From the situation above, based on Lewin’s theory of intrapersonal
conflict as cited in Weiner (1980), Santiago faces an approach-avoidance conflict
where there are two different aspects which are involved in one action. Selling his
sheep has both attractive and unattractive sides. The attractive side of selling his
sheep is that he will have a chance to travel to search for the treasure. On the other
hand, the unattractive side of selling his sheep is that he will have to leave
something he has been accustomed to.
As proposed by Decenzo and Silhanek (2002), Santiago uses know who is involved skill to solve the conflict. By using this skill, Santiago tries to consider his sheep’s habit and his own character. In this case, Santiago thinks he has left
his parents and his hometown and he get used to that situation. He also thinks that
his sheep will get used to his absence if he decides to pursue his dream. This can
be seen from the following quotation, “I left my father, my mother, and the town
castle behind. They have gotten used to my being away, and so have I. The sheep
will get used to my not being there, too, the boy thought” (p. 29). After
considering about that, Santiago finally solves his conflict by deciding to sell the
2. To Decide whether to Return to Spain or not
The second intrapersonal conflict faced by Santiago is to decide whether to
return to Spain or not. After being robbed, Santiago works at the crystal shop and
has succeeded in improving the crystal business. Having earned enough money to
buy sheep, Santiago plans to return to Spain.
When he had finished his smoke, he reached into one of his pockets, and sat there for a few moments, regarding what he had withdrawn.
It was a bundle of money. Enough to buy himself a hundred and twenty sheep, a return ticket, and a license to import products from Africa into his own country (p. 63).
The conflict appears when Santiago finds Urim and Thummim falling to
the floor as he takes his jacket out of his old shepherd pouch. After that, he feels
doubt about his plan to return to Spain. The two stones remind him of the old man
who has said to keep dreaming and following the omens. However, he tries to
convince himself that he will do what he did before, “I’m going to go back to
doing just what I did before, the boy thought. Even though the sheep didn’t teach
me to speak Arabic” (p. 64).
Moreover, he feels that the old king is nearby as he picks up the stones. He
also remembers what the old man has said. The old man says that he always
appears to help those who try to pursue their destiny. It makes Santiago feel more
confident as if he can conquer the world. However, he keeps convincing himself
that he will return to Spain.
From this situation, it can be concluded that his thought about the old man
reminds him of his dream. That is to search for the treasure. He knows that
returning to Spain makes him unhappy even though he can buy sheep. It is
because it is not what he really wants to do. Therefore, according to Lewin as
cited in Weiner (1980), he faces an approach-avoidance conflict. The attractive
aspect of returning to Spain is that he can buy sheep. On the other hand, to return
to Spain also makes him unhappy because it is not his dream.
In facing the conflict, Santiago tries to avoid it. He tries to deny his desire
to go to Egypt by convincing himself that maybe it is better not to pursue his
dream like the crystal merchant, “Who knows... maybe it’s better to be like the
crystal merchant: never go to Mecca, and just go through life wanting to do so, he
thought, again trying to convince himself” (p. 66). He then uses know who is involved skill as proposed by Decenzo and Silhanek (2002) in dealing with this conflict. In this case, Santiago tries to consider the importance of the goal. As
stated in the previous quotation, Santiago feels that to return to Spain becomes
less important because it is not his dream. Then, he considers his own character
and interest as well. Santiago knows that to return to Spain means that he will
look after his flock again. He will never forget how to do that. Meanwhile, he will
not probably have a chance to get to Egypt if he decides to return to Spain. This
can be seen from the following quotation.
Santiago finally decides to continue going to Egypt. His being adventurous
influences his decision. He knows that his flock can be a good friend but he wants
to know whether the desert can be a friend for him. The desert is a place where the
treasure is buried. He can always go home if he does not find it. Yet, he has
enough money and the time he needs to go to Egypt. This becomes the
opportunity to pursue his dream.
3. To Decide whether to Leave Fatima or not
The third intrapersonal conflict faced by Santiago is to decide whether to
leave Fatima or not. In the middle of his journey to Egypt, the caravan has to stay
at Al-Fayoum because of a tribal war happening in the desert. There, Santiago
falls in love with an Arabian girl named Fatima when he helps the Englishman to
find the alchemist who lives at Al-Fayoum. He starts to think about becoming a
shepherd again since Fatima is more important than the treasure, “The boy looked
around him at the date palms. He reminded himself that he had been a shepherd
and that he could be a shepherd again. Fatima was more important than his
treasure” (p. 100).
Moreover, having saved the oasis from the attack of an army, Santiago
finally meets the alchemist. At first, Santiago does not know why the alchemist
wants to see him. Eventually, he knows that the alchemist is a person who will
help him to pursue his dream, “When a person really desires something, all the
universe conspires to help that person to realize his dream,” said the alchemist,
echoing the words of the old king. The boy understood. Another person was there
treasure, Santiago has to face the tribal war and he has to be separated from
Fatima. Thus, Santiago has a conflict with himself, “His heart was heavy, and he
had been melancholy since the previous night. To continue his search for the
treasure meant that he had to abandon Fatima” (p. 124).
From the situation, according to Lewin as cited in Weiner (1980), Santiago
faces an approach-avoidance conflict. If he leaves Fatima, he will be able to
continue searching for his treasure. On the other hand, he has to be separated from
Fatima and deal with the tribal war as well.
Further, in dealing with this conflict, Santiago cannot solve his problem
alone. Therefore, he needs someone who can help him to solve it. He uses
mediation. In this case, the alchemist becomes the mediator. First, Santiago tries
to tell the alchemist what makes him worried. The conflict arises because
Santiago wants to search for the treasure but he has to leave Fatima and has to
face a tribal war. Then, the alchemist tries to give his point of view related to the
problem that Santiago has. He tells Santiago the fact that Fatima is a woman of
the desert who will await her man and that she has found her treasure. He is her
treasure. She wants him to find his own treasure. Moreover, the alchemist tells
about Santiago’s future if he decides to stay at the oasis. In the future, Santiago
will marry Fatima and both will be happy. He will also be a wealthy man.
However, Santiago will not be happy since he will regret not trying to pursue his
dream and it will be too late for him to pursue it. After listening to the alchemist’s
22
CHAPTER III
CONCLUSIONS, IMPLICATION, AND RECOMMENDATIONS
This chapter consists of three sections. They are the conclusions,
implication, and recommendations. The conclusions contain the summary of the
answers of the problems formulated in this study. The implication presents the
inference of this study to education. The recommendations present several
suggestions for future researchers who are interested in using The Alchemist as an object of their studies and for English lecturers who teach Prose.
A.Conclusions
This study aims to answer two problems. Firstly, how Santiago is
described in the novel. Secondly, what intrapersonal conflicts that Santiago faces
in pursuing his dream.
Based on the discussion, there are two conclusions in this study. The first
conclusion deals with the description of Santiago in the novel. Having employed
several theories of character, it is concluded that Santiago is a major character of
The Alchemist because he becomes the important character who appears in every part of the story. He is also described as a round character since his personality
cannot be easily described in a single phrase or sentence. He is also categorized as
a dynamic character since he experiences some changes in his appearance, ability,
and perception.
Moreover, by using Murphy’s theory of characterization, how Paulo
through several ways. Santiago is described as an adventurous, determined, and
optimistic man. He is adventurous because he is eager to have a new experience
and he wants to take risks to get what he wants. It can be seen through Coelho’s
direct comment, Santiago’s thought and speech. He is described as a determined
man because he never stops pursuing what he wants. This characteristic is shown
through his past life and reaction. He is also described as an optimistic man since
he thinks positively, especially when he faces unpleasant situations. His being
optimistic is shown through his thought and speech.
The second conclusion is about Santiago’s intrapersonal conflicts in
pursuing his dream and the conflict resolution. From the analysis, there are three
intrapersonal conflicts faced by Santiago in pursuing his dream. The first conflict
is to decide whether to sell his sheep or not. It is categorized as an
approach-avoidance conflict. In dealing with the conflict, Santiago applies know who is involved skill in which he considers about his sheep and his own character. Then, he decides to give one-tenth of his flock to the old man and sell the rest of his
sheep. The second conflict is to decide whether to return to Spain or not. This is
categorized as an approach-avoidance conflict. At first, he solves this conflict by
using avoiding style. Then, he applies know who is involved by considering the importance of the goal, his own character, and his interest. He solves his conflict
by going to Egypt instead of returning to Spain. The last conflict is to decide
whether to leave Fatima or not. It is classified as an approach-avoidance conflict.
in helping him to reach the decision. Santiago eventually solves his conflict by
deciding to leave Fatima in order to pursue his dream.
B.Implication
This part presents the inference of this study to education. The implication
of this study is related to the importance of making a decision to pursue a dream.
Everyone wants to be happy. Happiness can emerge from many things. People
have their own definition about happiness. However, some people are happy
because they can pursue their dreams. Dream becomes the purpose of their lives.
However, to make a dream come true is not always easy. People have to
struggle for it. Sometimes they want to stop pursuing their dreams when they find
a difficulty. This situation can trigger intrapersonal conflict. On the one hand,
people will be unhappy when they stop pursuing their dreams. On the other hand,
they have to struggle to overcome the difficulty. Therefore, it is important to make
a decision.
Having an intrapersonal conflict can be frustrating. However, people who
face the conflict can also learn to make a decision for themselves. They will
consider the consequence of each choice carefully. In making a decision, they also
try to determine their own priority. These lead them to choose one of the
alternatives because they have considered what is important for them and its
consequence. Thus, they learn to be responsible for their own choice.
Besides, by making a decision, people can learn to take a risk. Sometimes
escape from the situation, all they can do is to face it. Here, they learn to take the
risk of their own choice. By doing so, they will know whether they can handle it
or not.
In relation to education, students, especially college students seem to have
control of making a decision for their own future. They can choose what they are
going to do. They can also think about the consequences of their choices. Thus,
they will be responsible for their own choice. To complete their studies is one of
the responsibilities that the college students have. This responsibility is not only
related to themselves but also their parents. Meanwhile, there are some things that
might distract their studies, such as being lazy, being unable to manage their time,
and so on.
However, they have to struggle to complete their studies. If they fail, it
will not only hurt themselves but also their parents. Thus, it is better for them to
find a way to overcome their problems. Further, there are many ways to struggle.
For instance, they can ask their advisors, they can find someone who can support
and help them, or they can discuss their problems with their friends. As long as
they do not give up, they can complete their studies. They might face an
unpleasant consequence of their choices. However, when it happens, they already
learn to take risks because they accept the consequence which might be
unpleasant. And it shows their struggles. Moreover, by reading The Alchemist, the students can see how Santiago struggles to pursue his dream. The decisions he has
C.Recommendations
This part aims to give several recommendations to future researchers who
are interested to conduct a study using The Alchemist as an object of their studies. There are many novels which are interesting to discuss. The Alchemist by Paulo Coelho can be an alternative. This study has focused on Santiago’s intrapersonal
conflicts. However, there are several aspects in the novel that have not been
discussed yet. The first aspect is about Santiago’s motivation in searching for the
treasure. From this study, it can be seen that Santiago never stops pursuing his
dream. Thus, there must be a reason why he wants to pursue his dream. Future
researchers can employ psychological approach to find out his motivation.
The second aspect is about symbol in the novel. Future researchers can
analyze several symbols that appear in the novel. They are “the alchemist” and
“the treasure”. These things seem to symbolize something. For instance, the
meaning of “the alchemist” can be more than a person who is able to transform
any lead into gold.
In addition, this study also gives recommendations to English lecturers.
This study provides an example of learning material and lesson plan to teach
Prose class. It enables the students to have an understanding on the elements of
27
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Barnet, S., Burto, W., & Cain, W. E. (2005). Literature for composition: Essays, fiction, poetry, and drama (7th ed.). New York: Pearson Longman.
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Coelho, P. (1995). The alchemist. New York: Harper Collins Publisher. DeCenzo, D. A. & Silhanek, B. (2002). Human relations: Personal and
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Kennedy, K. J., & Gioia, D. (1999). Literature: An introduction to fiction, poetry, and drama (7th ed.). New York: Longman.
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Koesnosoebroto, S. B. (1988). The anatomy of prose. Jakarta: Proyek Pengembangan Tenaga Lembaga Pendidikan Tenaga Kependidikan.
Murphy, M. J. (1972). Understanding unseen. London: George Allen & Unwin Ltd.
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George, M. W. (2008, July 23). The elements of library research: What every student needs to know. Retrieved May 28, 2014, from
press.princeton.edu/chapters/s8711.pdf
Haughton, Mifflin, & Harcourt. (2008, January 31). The alchemist by Paulo Coelho: Paulo Coelho biography. Retrieved June 5, 2013, from www.cliffnotes.com: http://www.cliffsnotes.com/literature/a/the-alchemist/paulo-coelho-biography
A T d c a t G t H s f K d o g m P g t Appendix A
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Having arrived in a port town in Africa, Santiago loses the money he needs to get to the Egyptian pyramids. A thief steals all his money. He, consequently, has to work to get some money to go to Egypt as soon as possible. He gets a job in a crystal shop. The crystal merchant tells him that he has to earn a lot of money to go to Egypt since it is far away from where he is now. Knowing that it was impossible for him to go to Egypt, he decides to collect the money to buy sheep. He has worked hard at the crystal shop for almost a year. He is able to expand the business there. He is finally able to earn enough money to double his flock and go back to Andalusia. He asks the merchant’s permission to leave the shop for having earned enough money to buy his sheep. While packing all of his belongings, Urim and Thummim fall in the floor. It reminds him of Melchizedek. It gives him the spirit of the king who wants him to follow his destiny. Santiago then changes his mind and begins to search for the treasure in Egypt.
Santiago is very lucky because there is a caravan heading to the Pyramids. In the middle of his journey, he meets an Englishman who is looking for an alchemist. The Englishman then explains that the alchemist is someone who is able to transform any metal into gold. Santiago makes a friend with the Englishman. Because of war amongst tribes in the desert, the caravan cannot continue the journey to the Pyramids. As a result, the caravan winds up in Al-Fayoum.
The Englishman then asks Santiago to help him find the alchemist who lives in Al-Fayoum. They begin to look for the alchemist by themselves, but they find nothing. Santiago suggests the Englishman to ask some people at the oasis. They begin to ask the people who come to the well. Finally, they ask a woman named Fatima where they can find the alchemist. At the moment Santiago sees the woman, he falls in love with her. She then tells them where the alchemist lives. As soon as she leaves the well, the Englishman disappears to find the alchemist as well.
Santiago tells Fatima that he loves her and that he wants her to be his wife. He adds that the war seems a curse for him at the beginning, but now he feels that the war becomes a blessing that it makes him meet her. He begins to wish living in Al-Fayoum with his loved one. However, Fatima wants Santiago to be as free as the desert wind. She wants him to pursue whatever he is looking for. Santiago realizes that it means he has to leave her even though he does not want to. This leads him in a conflict.
tell the camel driver about it. The camel driver then suggests him to tell his vision to the chieftains of the oasis. Santiago finally comes to a tent where the chieftains of the oasis stay and tells them his vision about an army who is going to attack the oasis. The elder who believes in what Santiago has said tells that they are going to carry arms at the oasis preparing for the upcoming battle. In the middle of his way back to his tent, Santiago meets the alchemist who asks him to find the alchemist if he is still alive. Santiago finally saves the people at the oasis with his vision. Thus, he receives fifty pieces of gold and becomes the counselor of the oasis.
After saving a lot of people at the oasis, Santiago tries to find the alchemist. He finally meets the alchemist. The alchemist then asks him to show life in the desert. At the beginning, he does not know how to find it. With the help of the alchemist, the boy finally can do it. It becomes an omen for the alchemist that Santiago is the one whom he is waiting for. Santiago thinks that the alchemist gets a wrong person since it is the Englishman who is looking for him. The alchemist wants him to search for the treasure, but he refuses to do that because he has met Fatima and he has been a rich man with fifty pieces of gold. Searching for the treasure means that he has to leave Fatima. Knowing that Santiago is about to abandon his dream, the alchemist tells him what will happen if he abandons it. Having heard about the alchemist’s prediction of his future, he decides to leave Fatima. He believes that her love will enable him to search for the treasure. He finally decides to go to the Pyramids with the alchemist.
During the journey to the Pyramids, they meet some tribesmen who warn them not to wandering too far. Moreover, they are taken to a military camp belonging to one of the tribesmen who are in a conflict. The chief of the tribesmen will not let them go unless Santiago can transform himself into the wind. Having penetrated the Soul of the World, Santiago is finally able to transform himself into the wind. After having transformed himself into the wind, the chief lets him and the alchemist go and offers them a group of guides who will escort them as far as they need.
all. They yank him and take his gold. Thinking there are more gold hidden in the ground, they ask him to dig the sand. Being exhausted, Santiago gives in and tells that he is searching for the treasure and that he has dreamed about it twice. The refugees finally leave him. However, the leader approaches the boy and tells him that he has a dream about a hidden treasure as well. Yet, the treasure is in an abandoned church somewhere in Spain where shepherds and his sheep sleep. It is buried under the old sycamore growing out of the sacristy. Then the leader leaves him. At the moment, his heart is full of joy because he knows where the treasure is.
Adapted from Paulo Coelho’s The Alchemist
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P P J r i C A j p B g a H a C C r d C w P a P B u a I L w TAppendix
Personal BackPaulo Coelho w Jesuit school. F responded to h institution and a
Coelho enrolled Africa, and Euro journalist, foun political comic s
Because of his group in 1974. A as a music-indu
His life's major an Amsterdam Catholic pilgrim Coelho did so i readers of The
dream. Coelho s
Career Highlig
Inspired b wrote The Pilg
Published in 198 The follow and was not re
Pilgrimage and Brazilian
