ABSTRAK
Pinang (areca catechu) merupakan tanaman yang termasuk dalam keluarga kelapa. Pada masyarakat Batak Toba buah pinang dijadikan sebagai jamuan untuk teman atau tamu saat bertamu, sebagai pengganti rokok khususnya bagi pria dan untuk anak-anak buah pinang biasanya dikonsumsi sebagai pengganti permen.
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui gambaran konsumsi buah pinang, kejadian kecacingan dan status gizi siswa di SD 175750 Desa Pardamean Nainggolan Kecamatan Pahae Jae Kabupaten Tapanuli Utara Tahun 2013. Penelitian ini bersifat deskriptif dengan desain cross-sectional. Sampel penelitian terdiri atas 58 siswa SD dari kelas 4 sampai kelas 6 yang mengonsumsi buah pinang dan tidak mengonsumsi buah pinang. Data tentang kebiasaan konsumsi buah pinang diperoleh melalui wawancara langsung dan konsumsi energi dan protein diperoleh dengan menggunakan food recall. Berat Badan (BB) dan Tinggi Badan (TB) siswa SD diperoleh melalui pengukuran dan data kecacingan diperoleh dari hasil pemeriksaan laboratorium.
Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sebanyak 91,4% siswa di SDN Desa Pardamean Nainggolan mengonsumsi buah pinang dan sebagian besar dari mereka mengonsumsi dengan frekuensi konsumsi 1-2 kali dalam sehari, serta kuantitas konsumsi terbanyak 1-3 buah per hari yang kebanyakan dikonsumsi pada siang hari. Dari hasil pemeriksaan kecacingan terdapat 94,8% siswa SD tergolong negatif dan 5,2% tergolong positif. Kebanyakan siswa SD mengonsumsi energi dan protein defisit tingkat berat yaitu masing-masing 86,2% dan 53,4%. Gambaran status gizi siswa SD berdasarkan TB/U yaitu normal 67,2%, pendek 31% dan sangat pendek 1,7% dan Berdasarkan IMT/U yaitu normal 84,5% dan kurus 6,9%.
Disarankan kepada pihak puskesmas perlu melakukan penyuluhan tentang konsumsi buah pinang. Selain itu perlu adanya pengontrolan masalah kecacingan dan sosialisasi Pedoman Umum Gizi Seimbang (PUGS). Juga perlu adanya pemeriksaan kadar hemoglobin pada siswa di SDN 175750 Desa Pardamean Nainggolan.
Kata kunci : konsumsi buah pinang, kejadian kecacingan, status gizi, siswa SD
ABSTRACT
Areca catechu is a plant that belongs to coconut family. The people of Toba Batak use the fruit of areca catechu as one meal for friends or quests, as the substitution of the cigarette for men. For children, the fruit of areca catechu is used as the substitution for candy.
This research is intended to know the description of the consumption of the fruit of areca catechu, the occurrence of suffering worms, and nutritional status of Elementary School 175750 in Pardamean Nainggolan village, Pahae Jae district, North Tapanuli regency in 2013. This was descriptive research with cross-sectional design. The sample of research was 58 students consisting of class 4 and class 6 who consumed the fruit of areca catechu and who did not consume the fruit of areca catechu. The data about areca catechu consumption were taken through direct interview and energy consumption and protein obtained using food recall. Weight and height of the students of Elementary School were obtained through measuring and suffering worms was taken from the results of laboratory checking.
The results of research showed 91.4% of the students in Pardamean Nainggolan village consumed the fruit of areca catechu and mostly of them consumed with the frequency once or twice in a day and quantity of consumption mostly 1- 3 fruit in a day, who mostly consumed during the day. From the result of helminthiasis checking, 94.8% the students of Elementary School classified negative and 5.2% classified positive. Mostly of student consumed energy and protein in worse deficit level, that was each for 6.2% and 53.4% respectively. The description on the nutritional status of Elementary School based on H/A as normal 67,2% , short 31% and very short 1,7% and based on BMI/A 84.5% as normal 84,5% and thin 6,9% .
It is suggested for the health center to give guidance and counseling about the consumption of the fruit of areca catechu. In addition, there should be the control for suffering worms and socialization about General Guide of Balanced Nutrient. Hemoglobin test should be conducted for the students of Elementary School 175750 Pardamaen Nainggolan village.
Key words : areca catechu fruit consumption, suffering worms, nutritional status, the students of elementary school
