• Tidak ada hasil yang ditemukan

EFFECT OF GEOLOGICAL STRUCTURE AND BLAST

N/A
N/A
Protected

Academic year: 2018

Membagikan "EFFECT OF GEOLOGICAL STRUCTURE AND BLAST"

Copied!
6
0
0

Teks penuh

(1)

72:1 (2016 ) 1–8 | www.jurna lte kno lo g i.utm .m y | e ISSN 2180– 3722 |

Jurna l Te kno lo g i

Full Pa p e r

EFFEC T O F G EO LO G IC AL STRUC TURE AND BLASTING

PRAC TIC E IN FLY RO C K AC C IDENT AT

J

O HO R

,

M

ALAYSIA

Ed y To nniza m Mo ha m a d

a

, Bha ta wd e ka r Ra m e sh Murlid ha r

b *

,

Da nia l Ja he d Arm a g ha ni

a

, Ro sli Sa a d

c

, C ha ng Shia ng Yi

b

a

C e ntre o f Tro p ic a l G e o e ng ine e ring , Fa c ulty o f C ivil

Eng ine e ring , Unive rsiti Te kno lo g i Ma la ysia , 81310 UTM Jo ho r

Ba hru, Jo ho r, Ma la ysia

b

De p a rtm e nt o f G e o te c hnic s a nd Tra nsp o rta tio n, Fa c ulty o f

C ivil Eng ine e ring , Unive rsiti Te kno lo g i Ma la ysia , 81310 UTM

Jo ho r Ba hru, Jo ho r, Ma la ysia

c

Sc ho o l o f Physic s, Unive rsiti Sa ins Ma la ysia , Pe na ng , Ma la ysia

A rtic le histo ry

Re c e ive d

18 Ja nua ry 2016

Re c e ive d in re vise d fo rm

8 Ma rc h 2016

Ac c e p te d

18 Ma rc h 2016

*C o rre sp o nd ing a utho r

rm b ha ta w d e ka r@ ya ho o .c o m

Ab stra c t

Bla sting o p e ra tio n is c o m m o n m e tho d in ha rd ro c k e xc a va tio n a t c ivil e ng ine e ring a nd m ining site s. Ro c k b la sting re sults in the fra g m e nta tio n a lo ng w ith e nviro nm e nta l ha za rd s suc h a s fly ro c k, g ro und vib ra tio n, a ir-b la st, d ust a nd fum e s. Mo st o f the c o m m o n a c c id e nts a sso c ia te d w ith b la sting a re d ue to fly ro c k. A fly ro c k a c c id e nt ha d o c c urre d o n 15 July 2015 a t a c o nstruc tio n site a t Jo ho r, Ma la ysia . Due to this a c c id e nt, ne a r b y fa c to ry w o rke r w a s kille d w hile tw o o the r w o rke rs w e re se rio usly injure d a fte r hit b y ro c k d e b ris fro m a n e xp lo sio n a t c o nstruc tio n site w hic h w e re 200 m a w a y fro m the fa c to ry. The m a in p urp o se o f this stud y is to inve stig a te c a use s o f fly ro c k a c c id e nt b a se d o n g e o lo g ic a l struc ture s a nd b la sting p ra c tic e suc h a s b la st d e sig n, p re insp e c tio n o n g e o lo g ic a l struc ture s, id e ntifying d a ng e r zo ne d ue to b la sting a nd c o m m unic a tio n a nd e va c ua tio n o f p e rso nne l b e fo re b la st. It c a n b e c o nc lud e d tha t fly ro c k c o uld b e ha ve b e e n c o ntro lle d in thre e sta g e s; initia l d rilling o f ho le s b a se d o n b la st d e sig n, e nsure lim iting c ha rg e fo r ho le s ha ving le ss b urd e n o r ha ving g e o lo g ic a l d isc o ntinuity a nd se le c ting p ro p e r se q ue nc e o f initia tio n o f ho le s.

Ke ywo rd s: Ro c k b la sting , fly ro c k a c c id e nt, g e o lo g ic a l struc ture , b la sting p ra c tic e

Ab stra k

Ke rja le tup a n a d a la h ka e d a h lum ra h d a la m p e ng o re ka n b a tua n ke ra s d i ta p a k ke jurute ra a n a w a m d a n p e rlo m b o ng a n. Le tup a n b a tu a ka n m e ng ha silka n p e c a ha n b a tua n d a la m sa iz ya ng m ud a h d ike rja ka n, d isa m p ing m e ng a kib a tka n p e rm a sa la ha n a la m se kita r d a n m e ng a nc a m ke se la m a ta n se p e rti b a tu lia r, g e g a ra n ta na h, le tup a n ud a ra , ha b uk d a n p e m b e b a sa n g a s m e rb a ha ya . Ke m a la ng a n m e lib a tka n b a tu lia r te la h b e rla ku p a d a 15 Jula i 2015 d i ta p a k p e m b ina a n d i Jo ho r, Ma la ysia . Akib a t ke m a la ng a n ini, se o ra ng p e ke rja d i kila ng b e rha m p ira n te la h te rko rb a n m a na ka la d ua o ra ng la g i te la h te rc e d e ra a p a b ila te rke na b a tu lia r ya ng b e rte rb a ng a n d a ri ta p a k p e m b ina a n ya ng te rle ta k 200 m d a ri kila ng . Tujua n ka jia n ini a d a la h b a g i m e ng ka ji se b a b -se b a b ke m a la ng a n b a tu lia r b e rd a sa rka n struktur g e o lo g i d a n ta ta c a ra ke rja le tup a n se p e rti re ka b e ntuk le tup a n, p e ng e na lp a stia n zo n p e na m p a n, se rta ko m unika si d a n p e m ind a ha n p e ke rja se b e lum le tup a n. Bo le h d isim p ulka n b a ha w a b a tu lia r b o le h d ika w a l m e la lui tig a p e ring ka t; p e ng g e rud ia n a w a l lub a ng b e rd a sa rka n re ka b e ntuk le tup a n, m e m a stika n ha d c a j untuk lub a ng ya ng m e m p unya i b e b a na n ya ng ke c il a ta u m e m p unya i ke tid a kse la nja ra n g e o lo g i, d a n m e m ilih uruta n lub a ng ya ng b e tul untuk m e m ula ka n le tup a n.

Ka ta kunc i: Le tup a n b a tu, ke m a la ng a n b a tu lia r, struktur g e o lo g i, ta ta c a ra le tup a n

(2)
(3)

Fig ure 2 Lo c a tio n o f the a rro w s sho w n in re d a nd the e ffe c ts o f w ild sto ne w ith o ra ng e a rro w s (150 m fro m the b la st lo c a tio n)

Fig ure 3 The e ffe c t o f d a m a g e – Ve hic le s d a m a g e d (150 m fro m the b la sting site )

Fig ure 4 A ne a rb y fa c to ry

3.2 Enviro nme nta l C o nd itio ns

The a re a surro und ing the b la st site is sho w n in Fig ure 5. The b la sting a re a ma rke d w ith a re d sta r a nd the ra d ius o f 100 m fro m the a re a w he re the

b la sting c a rrie d o ut a re ma rke d w ith a ye llo w c irc le line .

Fig ure 5 Po sitio n o f the b la st lo c a tio n a nd 100 m ra d ius a re a o f the w ild ro c k d rift d ire c tio n fro m the b la st

3.3 De sig n Ho le a nd Exp lo sive s

A c o mp a ny re p o rte d tha t, a to ta l o f 21 ho le s w e re d rille d w ith b urd e n x sp a c ing a s 4.9 m x 5.2 m a nd ste mming o f 3.7 m. The b la st d e sig n a nd typ e o f e xp lo sive s use d (p ro vid e d b y c o ntra c to r) is sho w n in Fig ure 6, w hile the lo c a tio n o f the b la sting is sho w n in Fig ure s 7 a nd 8.

Fig ure 6 De sig n o f b la st re p o rte d b y c o ntra c to r

(4)

Fig ure 8 Insp e c tio n c a rrie d o ut o n site . Re d a rro w ind ic a te s the d ire c tio n o f jo int d o m ina nc e (to the w e st)

With o b se rva tio ns o n site a nd the info rm a tio n sup p lie d b y the c o ntra c to r, the e stima te d vo lume

o f b la ste d ro c k ma ss is 3,000 m3, w hile the a mo unt

o f e xp lo sive use d w a s 1 to nne . Po w d e r fa c to r use d

in the b la st w a s 0.33 kg / m3. It ta ke s into a c c o unt

the 21 d rill ho le s w hic h id e ntifie d the c a use o f the a c c id e nt. Also id e ntifie d fro m the insp e c tio n site , the so urc e o f this fly ro c k is fro m the line o f d rill ho le s in the fro nt line . It w a s a lso o b se rve d the thro w fa c to r fro m se c o nd a nd third ro w s d id no t mo ve fa r (Fig ure s 9 to 11).

Fig ure 9 Sta tus o f ro w s o f ho le s 2 a nd 3 a fte r b la st (no t m o ve d fa r)

Fig ure 10 The ro c k sp lit in line s 2 a nd 3 a nd no t m o v e d fa r

Fig ure 1 1 Sha re o f first ho le tha t d e stro ye d – b e lie ve d to c a use fly ro c k

3.4 G e o lo g ic a l Struc ture

The stud y w a s c o nd uc te d a t a g e o lo g ic a l struc ture o f the ro c k ma ss a ffe c te d to o b ta in p re se nc e info rma tio n a nd o rie nta tio n d isc o ntinuitie s tha t e xist. The stud y w a s c o nd uc te d a fte r the inc id e nt, b ut the struc ture o f ro c k le ft b e hind c a n still b e use d a s a g uid e . Pic ture o f ro c k fa c e invo lve d is sho w n in Fig ure 7. It sho uld b e no te d tha t the q ua rry b la ste d a nd o p e ne d a site w he re se ria l b la sts ha d b e e n c a rrie d o ut. This me a ns tha t the

p re vio us e xp lo sio ns ha d c re a te d the ne w

d isc o ntinuitie s a nd c ra c ks a nd fissure s le a ve a la rg e r a p e rture (up to 5-10 c m).

A to ta l o f 4 se ts o f fra c ture s ha ve b e e n id e ntifie d to e xist a t the b la st site . This d isc o ntinuity o c c urre d na tura lly a nd the re a re a lso ne w c ra c ks a s a re sult o f the w o rk o f p re vio us e xp lo sio ns. Ho w e ve r, the jo int se t to the w e st is the mo st sig nific a nt (d o mina nt). As a re sult o f the fie ld m e a sure me nt o n tra c e s o f struc ture s, a ste re o ne t is d ra w n a s sho w n in Fig ure 12.

(5)
(6)

Gambar

Fig ure 1 Lo c a tio n sho wing  d ire c tio n o f fly ro c k
Fig ure  5. The  b la sting  a re a  ma rke d  with a  re d sta r
Fig ure 9 Sta tus o f ro ws o f ho le s 2 a nd 3 a fte r b la st (no t mo ve d  fa r)
Fig ure 12 Ana lysis o f disc o ntinuity ind ic a ting  insta b ility dire c tio n to wa rd s the  fa c to ry

Referensi

Dokumen terkait

Getasan Farm Waste contribute to increasing the greenhouse effect Municipality of Getasan is one of the contributors milk dairy cattle to Semarang Regency more than 80% in a

Berdasarkan data deformasi, hasil pengukuran suhu mata air panas, energi gempa dari data RSAM, dan jumlah gempa letusan, terlihat bahwa secara umum pemendekan jarak (inflasi)

5 Tahun 2010 menyebutkan bahwa infrastruktur merupakan salah satu prioritas pembangunan nasional untuk mendorong pertumbuhan ekonomi dan sosial yang

Akibatnya terjadi peningkatan terhadap pendapatan operasional lain yang menyebabkan kenaikan pendapatan lebih besar daripada kenaikan biaya, sehingga mengakibatkan laba

For instance, Insights into English 2 is concerned with preparing students for a professional career in journalism as it provided a number of activities that

→ Menjawab pertanyaan tentang materi Macam-macam makanan internasional dan Teknik pengolahan dan pengawetan makanan internasional dari bahan pangan nabati dan hewani yang

Subbagian Tata Usaha pada Fakultas sebagaimana dimaksud dalam Pasal 62 huruf l dan huruf m mempunyai tugas melakukan urusan perencanaan, keuangan, akademik,

Pemerintah daerah meminta pengembang untuk menyerahkan prasarana, sarana, dan utilitas perumahan dan permukiman sebagaimana dimaksud dalam Pasal 8, Pasal 9, dan