HEDONISM AND MATERIALISM AS NEGATIVE EFFECTS OF SOCIAL CHANGES IN AMERICAN SOCIETY POTRAYED IN THE NOVEL THIS SIDE OF PARADISE WRITTEN BY F. SCOTT FITZGERALD
A THESIS
BY:
IRENE NYSSA ELYSIA
REG. NO. 100705019
DEPARTMENT OF ENGLISH
Approved by the Department of English, Faculty of Cultural Studies University of Sumatera Utara (USU) Medan as thesis for The Sarjana Sastra Examination
Head, Secretary,
HEDONISM AND MATERIALISM AS NEGATIVE EFFECTS OF SOCIAL CHANGES IN AMERICAN SOCIETY POTRAYED IN THE NOVEL THIS SIDE OF PARADISE WRITTEN BY F. SCOTT FITZGERALD
A THESIS
Submitted to Faculty of Cultural Studies University of Sumatera Utara Medan in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Sarjana Sastra from Department of English
DEPARTMENT OF ENGLISH
Accepted by the Board of Examiners in partial fulfillment of requirements for the degree of Sarjana Sastra from Department of English, Faculty of Cultural Studies, University of Sumatera Utara, Medan.
The examination is held in Department of English Faculty of Cultural Studies University of Sumatera Utara on April, 8th 2014.
Dean of Faculty of Cultural Studies University of Sumatera Utara
Dr. H. Syahron Lubis, MA NIP.19511013 197603 1 001
Board of Examineers
Dr. H. Muhizar Muchtar, M.S ……….
Rahmadsyah Rangkuti, MA, Ph.D ……….
Dr. Siti Norma Nasution, M.Hum ……….
Dr. Hj. T. Tyrhaya Zein, M.A ………
AUTHOR’S DECLARATION
I, IRENE NYSSA ELYSIA DECLARE THAT I AM THE SOLE AUTHOR OF THIS THESIS EXCEPT WHERE REFERENCE IS MADE IN THE TEXT OF THIS THESIS. THIS THESIS CONTAINS NO MATERIAL PUBLISHED ELSEWHERE OR EXTRACTED IN WHOLE OR IN PART FROM A THESIS BY WHICH I HAVE QUALIFIED FOR OR AWARDED ANOTHER DEGREE. NO OTHER PERSON’S WORK HAS BEEN USED WITHOUT DUE ACKNOWLEDGMENTS IN THE MAIN TEXT OF THIS THESIS. THIS THESIS HAS NOT BEEN SUBMITTED FOR THE AWARD OF ANOTHER DEGREE IN ANY TERTIARY EDUCATION.
COPYRIGHT DECLARATION
NAME : IRENE NYSSA ELYSIA
TITLE OF THESIS : HEDONISM AND MATERIALISM AS NEGATIVE EFFECTS OF SOCIAL CHANGES IN AMERICAN SOCIETY POTRAYED IN THE NOVEL THIS SIDE OF PARADISE WRITTEN BY F. SCOTT FITZGERALD
QUALIFICATION : S-1/ SARJANA SASTRA
DEPATMENT : ENGLISH
I AM WILLING THAT MY THESIS SHOULD BE AVAILABLE FOR REPRODUCTION AT THE DISCRETION OF THE LIBRARIAN OF DEPATMENT OF ENGLISH, FACULTY OF CULTURAL STUDIES, UNIVERSITY OF SUMATERA UTARA ON THE UNDESRSTANDING THAT USERS ARE MADE AWARE OF THEIR OBLIGATION UNDER LAW OF THE REPUBLIC OF INDONESIA.
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
Bismillahirrahmannirrahim…
Alhamdulillah… first of all, I would like to express my deepest gratitude to my
Almighty God, Allah SWT for giving me blessing, guidance, power and ability to finish this
thesis. I believe that Allah will always lead my way through every obstacle that I faced in my
whole life, so it will make me become stronger…and more grateful as I go through with it.
Next, I also would like to say thanks to Dean of Faculty of Letters USU, Dr. H.
Syahron Lubis, M.A, the Head of English Department, Dr. H. Muhizar Muchtar, M.S, and the
Secretary of English Department, Rahmadsyah Rangkuti, MA. Ph.D. and all of lectures of the
English department who have given me much knowledge during the year of my study.
Furthermore, I would like give my biggest gratitude and appreciation to my
supervisor Dr. Hj. T. Thyrhaya Zein, M.A and my co- supervisor Drs. Siamir Marulafau, M.
Hum, for giving me so much knowledge in guiding, correcting, and supervising this thesis. I
am really thankful because Mam Thyra and Sir Siamir are not only patience to help and guide
me, but also give me many supports in finishing this thesis.
Then, my most special gratitude is dedicated to my wonderful family, especially for
my parents that always be there for me. Thank you mom and dad for giving me your great
aunt, uncle and of course my lovely cousins that always motivate me in completing this
thesis. I dedicated this graduation hat for you, guys!
Last but not least, I would like to say thank you for my best best best friends in the
world I’ve ever met…. Emilia Pranata, Aryanti Dwi Astuti, Putri Pratiwi, Nazlia, Erika,
Yuni, and Tommy. Thank you so much for your support and most sincerely friendship you
bring to me all these time. Let’s be the spotlight of the show, Friends!
Thank you so much! May Allah SWT always bless our journey
Medan, April 2014
Irene Nyssa Elysia
ABSTRACT
Judul skripsi ini adalah ‘HEDONISM AND MATERIALISM AS NEGATIVE EFFECTS OF SOCIAL CHANGES IN AMERICAN SOCIETY POTRAYED IN THE NOVEL THIS SIDE
OF PARADISE WRITTEN BY F. SCOTT FITZGERALD’. Sesuai dengan judulnya, skripsi ini
membahas tentang fenomena hedonisme dan materialisme yang terjadi di Amerika pada awal tahun 1920an, sebagai dampak negatif dari Perang Dunia I. Fenomena ini dapat dibuktikan dari gambaran yang dipaparkan oleh Scott melalui novel ini, yaitu tentang kondisi masyarakat terutama generasi muda Amerika yang mengalami perubahan sosial. Seperti kebiasaan mereka untuk mabuk-mabukan, pergeseran arti modernitas bagi para wanita, pergaulan bebas, bahkan kekayaan dan status sosial yang dianggap sebagai ukuran kebahagiaan.
Adapun tujuan dari penulisan skripsi ini adalah untuk membuktikan perilaku-perilaku hedonisme dan materialisme yang terdapat di Amerika pada awal tahun 1920an, penyebab serta dampaknya pada masyarakat tersebut. Selain itu, hasil dari analisa skripsi ini juga bertujuan agar pembaca dapat waspada terhadap perilaku-perilaku yang terjadi akibat perubahan sosial seperti yang terjadi di Amerika pada saat itu. Dalam analisis ini penulis menggunakan qualitative research dengan cara descriptive method, serta menggunakan
extrinsic approach. Dari hasil analisa yang ditemukan, penulis dapat mengambil kesimpulan
TABLE OF CONTENTS
1.5 Significance of the Study………..…. 6
CHAPTER II REVIEW OF LITERATURE 2.1Sociology of Literature……….. 7
2.2Social Changes and American Modernization…….……….. 9
2.3The Brief Explanation of Hedonism Phenomenon……....…… 11
2.4The Brief Explanation of Materialism Concept as Phenomenon……… 12
2.5Jazz Age as American Modernization……… 13
2.6Review of Related Studies………. 15
CHAPTER III METHOD OF RESEARCH 3.1 Research Design……… 17
3.2 Data and Source of Data………... 18
3.4 Data Analysis……… 19
Scheme I………. 21
CHAPTER IV ANALYSIS AND FINDINGS
4.1 Hedonism as the Negative Effect of Social Changes…… 22
4.1.1 Flappers in ‘This Side of Paradise’………. 23
4.1.2 Alcoholic Lifestyle in ‘This Side of Paradise’…… 26
4.1.3 Free Love in ‘This Side of Paradise’……….. 28
4.2 Materialism as the Negative Effect of Social Changes… 31
4.2.1 Wealth as Indication of Social Status and Happiness
In ‘This Side of Paradise’……… 32
4.3 Findings………. 38
CHAPTER V CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTION
5.1 Conclusion………. 39
5.2 Suggestion………. 40
REFERENCES APPENDICES
