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ABSTRAK
Latar belakang : Setiap tahunnya, kasus baru gagal jantung kongestif terdiagnosis dan didapati bahwa prevalensi gagal jantung kongestif sebanyak 3-20 kasus per 1000 populasi dan meningkat pada usia di atas 65 tahun. Penyakit jantung koroner, hipertensi, penyakit katup jantung dan kardiomiopati merupakan hal-hal yang dapat menyebabkan gagal jantung. Diharapkan melalui penelitian ini dapat didapatkan gambaran pasien gagal jantung kongestif sehingga dapat meningkatkan mutu pelayanan medis yang bersifat promotif, preventif, maupun kuratif terhadap pasien dengan faktor risiko.
Tujuan : Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui gambaran pasien gagal jantung kongestif di RSUP Haji Adam Malik pada tanggal 1 Januari 2012 hingga 31 Desember 2012.
Metode : Penelitian ini ialah penelitian deskriptif dengan desain studi case series yang dilakukan dengan menggunakan data sekunder dari rekam medis pasien gagal jantung kongestif di RSUP Haji Adam Malik Medan dari 1 Januari hingga 31 Desember 2012. Pengambilan data dilakukan dengan teknik acak sederhana (simple random sampling). Data kemudian diolah dengan menggunakan progam komputer SPSS dan disajikan dalam bentuk tabel dengan perhitungan distribusi frekuensi.
Hasil dan Kesimpulan : Jumlah seluruh sampel yang didapatkan sebanyak 180 data rekam medis. Hasil yang didapatkan yaitu penderita gagal jantung kongestif terbesar didapati pada laki-laki (67,5%), kelompok usia lansia akhir (56-65 tahun) yakni mencakup 33,9%, dengan pekerjaan ringan (49,6%), dengan keluhan utama berupa sesak nafas (38,8%), dan etiologi penyakit jantung koroner (46,7%). Kata kunci : gagal jantung kongestif, sesak nafas, penyakit jantung koroner
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ABSTRACT
Background : Each year, new cases of congestive heart failure are diagnosed and the prevalence is as much as 3-20 cases per 1000 population and is higher in age over 65 years. Coronary heart disease, hypertension, valvular heart disease, and cardiomyopathy are the things that can lead to heart failure. It was hoped that this study can obtain a general view on congestive heart failure patients in order to improve the quality of medical care, especially on promotive, preventive, and curative aspects on patients with risk factors.
Objectives : This study aims to describe the characteristics of patients with congestive heart failure in Haji Adam Malik General Hospital from January 1st, 2012 to December 31st, 2012.
Methods : This research is a descriptive study with case series study design, performed using secondary data from the medical records of patients with congestive heart failure in Haji Adam Malik General Hospital from January 1st to December 31st, 2012. Data were collected with simple random sampling technique. The data was then processed using SPSS computer program and are presented in tabular form with the calculation of the frequency distribution. Results & Conclusions : The total number of samples obtained are around 180 data from medical records. The results obtained denote that the majority of patients with congestive heart failure are those who are men (67.5%), late elderly age group (56-65 years old) which covers 33.9% of overall data, those with light daily activities (49.6%), presents mainly with shortness of breath (38.8%), with the most common etiology of coronary heart disease (46.7%).
Keywords : congestive heart failure, shortness of breath, coronary heart disease
