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ABSTRAK
Latar belakang: Otitis Media Supuratif Kronik (OMSK) merupakan penyakit Telinga Hidung Tenggorokan (THT) yang paling banyak di negara sedang berkembang yang menyebabkan gangguan pendengaran sehingga menimbulkan dampak yang serius terutama bagi anak-anak, karena dapat menimbulkan pengaruh jangka panjang pada komunikasi anak, perkembangan bahasa, proses pendengaran, psikososial dan perkembangan kognitif serta kemajuan pendidikan.
Tujuan: Untuk mengetahui karakteristik penderita OMSK yang dilakukan tindakan operasi timpanomastoidektomi
Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan jenis penelitian deskriptif untuk mengetahui karakteristik penderita OMSK yang dilakukan tindakan timpanomastoidektomi di Rumah Sakit Haji Pusat (RSUP) H. Adam Malik Medan. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan dengan cara total sampling dengan jumlah sampel data 97 pasien penderita OMSK yang dilakukan tindakan operasi timpanomastoidektomi di RSUP H. Adam Malik Medan pada periode Juli 2013-Juni 2015 dan tercatat dalam rekam medis.
Hasil: Jumlah total penderita OMSK bagian THT RSUP H. Adam Malik Medan adalah sebanyak 97 orang, dengan kelompok usia yang paling banyak menderita OMSK adalah kelompok usia antara 31-40 tahun sebanyak 28 orang (28,9%) dan jenis kelamin yang paling sering menderita OMSK adalah laki-laki sebanyak 51 orang (52,6%), serta dengan jenis pekerjaan tersering adalah wiraswasta berjumlah 32 orang (33,0%). Diperoleh bahwa tipe OMSK maligna adalah yang paling banyak dijumpai, yaitu sebanyak 69 orang (72,2%) dengan gejala klinis paling sering adalah telinga berair berjumlah 80 orang (82,5%) serta gangguan pendengaran yang paling sering dijumpai adalah gangguan pendengaran konduktif sebanyak 57 orang (58,7%). Sementara itu pada gambaran foto polos mastoid, yang paling banyak adalah mastoiditis kronis dengan kolesteatoma sebanyak 50 orang (51,5%) dengan jenis perforasi yang paling sering dijumpai adalah perforasi total sebanyak 52 orang (53,6%). Bedasarkan pola kuman yang paling sering dilaporkan adalah Pseudomonas aeuruginosa sebanyak 36 orang (37,1%) serta komplikasi yang paling banyak adalah mastoiditis sebanyak 93orang (95,9%).
Kesimpulan: karakteristik penderita OMSK yang dilakukan tindakan operasi timpanomastoidektomi sesuai dengan karakteristik OMSK pada umumnya.
Kata kunci: Otitis media supuratif kronik, timpanomastoidektomi.
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ABSTRACT
Background: Chronic Suppurative Otitis Media is an Ear Nose Throat (ENT)
disease mostly found in developing countries which causes hearing problems and is a serious complication especially to children. This is because it can cause a long term impact on the communication of children, language development, hearing process, psychosocial, cognitive development as well as study progress.
Objective: To determine the characteristics of Chronic Suppurative Otitis Media
patients that have undergone tymphanomastoidectomy
Method: This research is a descriptive study used to determine the characteristics of Chronic Suppurative Otitis Media patients who have undergone tymphanomastoidectomy in Haji Adam Malik General Hospital, Medan. The sample is taken by total sampling with a total of 97 subject data of patients with Chronic Suppurative Otitis Media who have undergone tymphanomastoidectomy in Haji Adam Malik General Hospital, Medan from July 2013 – June 2015 and is noted in the patients medical record.
Results: The total number of patients Chronic Suppurative Otitis Media ENT Adam Malik Hospital is as much as 97 , the age group that suffered most is the age group between 31-40 years as many as 28 people ( 28.9 % )and the gender most often suffer from Chronic Suppurative Otitis Media were male were 51 people ( 52.6 % ) , as well as the most common type of work is self-employed amounted to 32 persons ( 33.0% ) .Provided that the type of malignant Chronic Suppurative Otitis Media is most often found , as many as 69 people ( 72.2 % ) with the most frequent clinical symptoms are runny ears as many as 80 persons ( 82.5 % ) and hearing loss which is most common is conductive hearing loss as much as 57 people ( 58.7 % ) . Meanwhile the picture plain mastoid , most are chronic mastoiditis with cholesteatoma as many as 50 people ( 51.5 % ) with the type of perforation of the most frequently encountered are the perforation total of 52 ( 53.6 % ) . Based on the pattern of the bacteria most frequently reported are Pseudomonas aeuruginosa as many as 36 people ( 37.1 % ) and complications most found are mastoiditis as many as 93 people ( 95.9 % ) .
Conclusion: The characteristics of Chronic Suppurative Otitis Media patients who have undergone tymphanomastoidectomy corresponds to the characteristics of Chronic Suppurative Otitis Media in general.
Key Words: Chronic Suppurative Otitis Media , tymphanomastoidectomy
