APPLYING RECIPROCAL TEACHING TO ENHANCE
READING COMPREHENSION OF THE ELEVENTH GRADE
STUDENTS OF MA NAHDLATUL MUSLIMIN UNDAAN KUDUS
IN ACADEMIC YEAR 2012/2013
By: Sukaenah 2009-32-185
ENGLISH EDUCATION DEPARTMENT
TEACHER TRAINING AND EDUCATION FACULTY MURIA KUDUS UNIVERSITY
APPLYING RECIPROCAL TEACHING TO ENHANCE
READING COMPREHENSION OF THE ELEVENTH GRADE
STUDENTS OF MA NAHDLATUL MUSLIMIN UNDAAN KUDUS
IN ACADEMIC YEAR 2012/2013
SKRIPSI
Presented to the University of Muria Kudus in Partial
Fulfillment of the Requirements for Completing the Sarjana Program in the Department of English Education
By: Sukaenah 2009-32-185
ENGLISH EDUCATION DEPARTMENT
TEACHER TRAINING AND EDUCATION FACULTY MURIA KUDUS UNIVERSITY
MOTTO AND DEDICATION
“Everything without acting means nothing”
“One who desires about world must has knowledge, one who desires about
eternity must has knowledge, and one who desires both of them also must has
knowledge”
This skripsi is dedicated to: 1. Allah SWT
2. Muhammad PBUH 3. My beloved parents
4. My beloved Yusron Amroni 5. All of Alayanti members
ADVISORS’ APPROVAL
This is to certify that the Skripsi of Sukaenah (NIM:200932185) has been approved by the skripsi advisors for further approval by the Examining Committee.
Kudus, September 14th 2013 Advisor I
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NIISS..0066110077001100000000001111887 7
Advisor II
Rismiyanto, SS, M.Pd NIS. 0610701000001146
Acknowledged by
The Faculty of Teacher Training and Education Dean,
EXAMINERS’ APPROVAL
This is to certify that the Skripsi of Sukaenah (NIM:200932185) has been approved by the Examining Committee as a requirement for the Sarjana Degree of English Education.
Kudus, September 23th 2013 Skripsi Examining Committee:
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NIISS..00661100770011000000000011118877
Rismiyanto, SS, M.Pd , Member
NIS. 0610701000001146
Nuraeningsih, S.Pd, M.Pd , Member
NIS. 0610701000001201
Ahdi Riyono, SS, M.Hum , Member
NIS. 0610701000001160
Acknowledged by
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
Firstly, the researcher would like to praise highly and express her gratitude to
Allah SWT the Almighty, The Most Merciful, The Eternal Hope, who has given her
His mercy, guidance, and accompaniment, and allowed her to accomplish this skripsi.
This skripsi belongs to a classroom action research and is entitled “Applying
Reciprocal Teaching to Enhance Reading Comprehension of The Eleventh Grade Students of MA Nahdlatul Muslimin Undaan Kudus”.
Secondly, the researcher desires to thank all people around her who have been
helping, supporting, and encouraging her to get this skripsi finished well. Moreover,
due to realizing that the researcher would not be able to accomplish this final without
any supports, advice, and encouragement from other people, she would like to thank
them including:
1. Dr. Slamet Utomo, M.Pd as the Dean of Teacher Training and Education Faculty
of Muria Kudus University.
2. Diah Kurniati, M.Pd as the Head of English Education Department Teacher
Training and Education Faculty of Muria Kudus University.
3. Agung Dwi Nurcahyo, SS, M.Pd. as the first advisor who has a great patience in
guiding her to finish this skripsi well.
4. Rismiyanto, SS, M.Pd as the second advisor who gives advice and supports her in
finishing thish skripsi.
5. Her parents who are always ready every time to support her.
6. Drs. Tamam as the Head Master of MA Nahdlatul Muslimin Undaan Kudus who
has permitted her and even helped her in conducting an observation to the school.
7. Muzazin, S.Pd as the English Teacher of MA Nahdlatul Muslimin Undaan Kudus
who wanted to collaborate with her.
8. Kristina Prasetya, S.Pd, Etik Muznah, S.Pd and all of MA Nahdlatul Muslimin’s
9. The eleventh grade students, especially XI IPA of MA Nahdlatul Muslimin
Undaan Kudus in academic year 2012/2013 that helped her, so that the research
goes well.
10. Yusron Amroni and all of the researcher’s friends whom she cannot mention one
by one, who have been helping, supporting, and encouraging the researcher in
many things.
11. All people the researcher knows and are known by, who have greatly influence
her life.
Finally, the researcher would like to admit her imperfections in finishing this
skripsi. There are a lot of things need to be revised, and thus she welcomes any
suggestions, criticisms, and revisions to help make this skripsi better.
Kudus, September 14th 2013 The writer
ABSTRACT
Sukaenah. 2013. Applying Reciprocal Teaching to Enhance the Reading Comprehension of the Eleventh Grade Students of MA Nahdlatul Muslimin Undaan Kudus in Academic Year 2012/2013. Skripsi. English Education Department Teacher Training and Education Faculty. Muria Kudus University. Advisors: (1) Agung Dwi Nur Cahyo, SS, M.Pd. (2) Rismiyanto, SS, M.Pd.
Key words: Reading Comprehension, spoof text, Reciprocal Teaching, MA Nahdlatul Muslimin Undaan Kudus.
English is an international language that plays important role in globalization era. As English has become international language, it is learnt consciously and unconsciously by people among the world. To face it, teaching English must be focused on four skills; listening, speaking, reading, and writing. One of that must be mastered by the students is reading. Unfortunately, the researcher found a problem related to their reading comprehension on spoof text. It is proven by their scores lower than the KKM (the minimum score required). There are many factors that influence this achievement. Motivation, the technique of teaching, and language problems are some of them. Based on that, the researcher intends to make a skripsi entitled “Applying Reciprocal Teaching to Enhance Reading Comprehension of the Eleventh Grade Students of MA Nahdlatul Muslimin Undaan Kudus in Academic Year 2012/2013”.
The objective of this research is to find out whether Reciprocal Teaching can effectively enhance reading comprehension of the eleventh grade students of MA Nahdlatul Muslimin Undaan Kudus in academic year 2012/2013.
Based on those results, the researcher suggests to the teacher of MA Nahdlatul Muslimin Undaan Kudus to apply Reciprocal Teaching to help the students more comprehend the text and make teaching learning process more joyful and interesting.
ABSTRAKSI
Sukaenah. 2013. Penerapan Reciprocal Teaching untuk Meningkatkan Pemahaman Membaca Siswa Kelas Sebelas dari MA Nahdlatul Muslimin Undaan Kudus Tahun pelajaran 2012/2013. Skripsi. Skripsi. Program Studi Pendidikan Bahasa Inggris Fakultas Keguruan dan Ilmu Pendidikan Universitas Muria Kudus. Pembimbing: (1) Agung Dwi Nur Cahyo, SS, M.Pd. (2) Rismiyanto, SS, M.Pd.
Key words: Kemampuan pemahaman dalam membaca, teks spoof, Reciprocal Teaching, MA Nahdlatul Muslimin Undaan Kudus.
Bahasa inggris adalah sebuah bahasa internasional yang berperan penting dalam era globalisasi. Sebagai bahasa internasional, bahasa inggris dipelajari secara sadar maupun tidak sadar oleh orang-orang diseluruh dunia. Untuk menghadapi hal tersebut, pengajaran bahasa inggris harus di fokuskan pada empat kemampuan; mendengarkan, berbicara, membaca, dan menulis. Satu dari kemampuan tersebut yang harus di pahami oleh siswa yaitu membaca. Sayangnya, peneliti menemukan sebuah masalah yang terkait dengan kemampuan pemahaman dalam membaca mereka pada teks spoof. Hal tersebut di buktikan dengan nilai mereka yang lebih rendah dari KKM (ketuntasan kriteria minimum). Terdapat banyak faktor yang mempengaruhi hasil nilai tersebut. Motivasi, tekhnik pengajaran, masalah mengenai bahasa dan sebagainya. Berdasarkan hal tersebut, peneliti membuat sebuah skripsi yang berjudul “Penerapan Reciprocal Teaching untuk Meningkatkan Kemampuan Pemahaman dalam Membaca Siswa Kelas Sebelas dari MA Nahdlatul Muslimin Undaan Kudus Tahun pelajaran 2012/2013”.
Tujuan pokok dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menemukan apakah Reciprocal Teaching dapat meningkatkan kemampuan pemahaman dalam membaca secara efektif dari Siswa Kelas Sebelas dari MA Nahdlatul Muslimin Undaan Kudus Tahun pelajaran 2012/2013.
Penelitian ini menggunakan desain PTK yang tediri dari dua siklus. Subyek dari skripsi ini adalah siswa XII IPA. Subyek dari skripsi ini adalah seluruh siswa dari XI IPA yang terdiri dari 40 siswa.
(85.7% ) juga menunjukan bahwa reciprocal teaching (pengajaran timbal balik) mempunyai dampak yang bagus dalam membuat siswa menjadi lebih aktiv dalam KBM.
Berdasarkan hasil tersebut, peneliti menyarankan guru dari MA Nahdlatul Muslimin untuk menerapkan Reciprocal Teaching untuk membantu siswa lebih memahami teks and membuat KBM lebih menyenangkan dan menarik.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
CHAPTER II REVIEW TO RELATED LITERATURE 2.1 Teaching English in MA Nahdlatul Muslimin Undaan Kudus ... 9
2.1.1The Curriculum of Teaching English in MA Nahdlatul Muslimin ... 10
2.1.3The Material of Teaching English in MA Nahdlatul Muslimin... ... 12
2.1.4The Technique of Teaching English in MA Nahdlatul Muslimin ... 13
2.2 Reading ... 13
2.2.1Purpose of Reading ... 14
2.2.2Techniques of Reading... ... 15
2.2.3Strategies in Reading ... 15
2.2.4Approaches in Reading ... ... 16
2.2.5Reading Comprehension ... 17
2.3 Genre ... 18
2.4 Spoof Text ... 19
2.4.1 The Function of Spoof Text ... 19
2.4.2 The Generic Structure of Spoof Text... 19
2.4.3 Linguistic Features of Spoof Text ... 20
2.5 Reciprocal Teaching... 20
2.5.1The Concept of Reciprocal Teaching ... 21
2.5.2The Procedure for Applying Reciprocal Teaching ... 23
2.5.3The Advantages of Reciprocal Teaching ... 24
2.6 Review of Previous Research... 24
2.7 Theoretical Framework ... 26
2.8 Action Hypothesis ... 27
CHAPTER III METHOD OF THE RESEARCH 3.1 Setting and Characteristic of Research Subject ... 28
3.2 Variable of the Research ... 28
3.3 Design of the research ... 29
3.4 Procedure of the Research ... 31
3.5 Data Collection ... 34
CHAPTER IV FINDING OF THE RESEARCH
4.1 The Application of Reciprocal Teaching to Enhance Reading
Comprehension of the Eleventh Grade Students of MA Nahdlatul Muslimin
Undaan Kudus in Cycle 1 ... 41
4.1.1 Planning ... 41
4.1.2 Action ... 42
4.1.2.1 Pre-activity ... 42
4.1.2.2 Whilst-activity ... 42
4.1.2.2.1 Exploration ... 43
4.1.2.2.2 Elaboration ... 43
4.1.2.2.3 Confirmation ... 44
4.1.2.3 Post-activity ... 45
4.1.3 Observation ... 50
4.1.4 Reflection ... 53
4.2 The Application of Reciprocal Teaching to Enhance Reading Comprehension of the Eleventh Grade Students of MA Nahdlatul Muslimin Undaan Kudus in Cycle 2 ... 55
4.2.1 Planning ... 55
4.2.2 Action ... 56
4.2.2.1 Pre-activity ... 56
4.2.2.2 Whilst-activity ... 57
4.2.2.2.1 Exploration ... 57
4.2.2.2.2 Elaboration ... 57
4.2.2.2.3 Confirmation ... 58
4.2.2.3 Post-activity ... 59
4.2.3 Observation ... 64
4.2.4 Reflection ... 67
5.1 The Application of Reciprocal Teaching to Enhance Reading
Comprehension of the Eleventh Grade Students of MA Nahdlatul Muslimin
Undaan Kudus in Cycle 1 ... 69
5.2 The Application of Reciprocal Teaching to Enhance Reading Comprehension of the Eleventh Grade Students of MA Nahdlatul Muslimin Undaan Kudus in Cycle 2 ... 72
CHAPTER VI CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTION 6.1 Conclusion ... 75
6.2 Suggestion ... 76
BIBLIOGRAPHY ... 78
APPENDICES ... 80
STATEMENT SHEET ... 106
LIST OF TABLES
Table Page
4.1 Scoring of Students’ Achievement Test in the First Cycle ... 43
4.2 Questionnaire of Cycle 1 ... 44
4.3 Observation Sheet of Cycle 1 ... 45
4.4 Comparison of Score Gotten in the First Cycle ... 48
4.5 Ratio of Questionnaire in the First Cycle ... 50
4.6 Scoring of Students’ Achievement Test in the Second Cycle... 55
4.7 Questionnaire of Cycle 2 ... 56
4.8 Observation Sheet of Cycle 2 ... 57
4.9 Comparison of Score Gotten in the First Cycle and Second Cycle ... 60
4.10 Questionnaire of the Second Cycle ... 62
LIST OF FIGURES
Figure Page
LIST OF APPENDICES
Appendix Page
1. List of the Subjects Names... 75
2. List of Grouping in the First Cycle ... 76
3. List of Grouping in Second Cycle... 77
4. Lesson Plan in the First Cycle ... 78
5. Lesson Plan in the Second Cycle ... 88
6. The Observation Sheet in the First Cycle ... 100
7. The Observation Sheet in the Second Cycle ... 102
8. Questionnaire Table in the First Cycle ... 104
