Pengantar Ilmu Pendidikan
Hakikat Pendidikan
Kelompok 1 : Ayu Rezky Yulita Bening Puspa Dewi
Education
• A conscious efort, organized, and systematic,
carried out by people who have been given responsibility to infuence other child to have the nature and disposition in accordance with the ideals of education.
• Assistance provided intentionally to children in
the physical and spiritual growth to reach the level of maturity.
Source : Indrakusuma, Amir Daien. 1973.
Teaching
• To surrender or convey knowledge or
skills and forth to others using the
way - a certain way, so other people have that knowledge or skill.
Educating
• According to Kamus Besar Bahasa
Indonesia of educating derived from the word “educate" is to maintain
and provide training (teachings, guidance, leadership) about the
morality and intelligence of the mind.
• Source : Kamus Besar Bahasa
LEARNIN
HERGENHAHN DAN
OLSON
• Learning is a relatively permanent
change in behavior or potential behavior is the result of the experience that is not characterized by a temporary condition such as self-induced by pain, fatigue, or drugs.
MAYER
•
Learning is a relatively
permanent change in knowledge
and behavior caused by
experience.
LESTER D. CROW
DAN ALICE CROW
•
Learning is an attempt to
obtain customs,
knowledge, and attitudes.
HILGARD DAN BOWER
• Learning to have a sense of acquiring
knowledge or control of knowledge
through experience, to remember, to master the experience, and get
information or fnd.
SUMADI SURYABRATA
• Learning is a deliberate efort to
obtain changes in behavior, whether in the form of knowledge and skills.
Synthesis of Learning
• Learning is a person's efort or
attempt to obtain appropriate
attitudes and behaviors good morals in order to live a better life in
Learning Process
Information
Transformation
Evaluati
on
Source : Rahyubi, H.
2012. Teori - Teori Belajar dan Aplikasi Pembelajaran Motorik.
Learning Scheme and the Final
Results should be Achieved.
Proses Belajar Proses Belajar
Proses internalisasi Proses internalisasi
Nilai
Nilai PengetahuanPengetahuan PengalamanPengalaman
Kehidupan yang lebih baik dan berkualitas Kehidupan yang lebih baik dan berkualitas
Example
teachers who are teaching students who are learning
Case Study
• SUNGGUMINASA, Fajar - Fights State Datara two elementary school district Biringbulu, December 2013 berbuntut long ago. Older
students reported principal, Hasyim to Department of Education
Youth and Sports (Disdikpora) Gowa for immediate follow-up. Parents of pupils, on behavior Hamsinah demur SD State Head Datara,
Hasyim he thought had hit his son, Zulfkar, 11 years. While fghting opponents with impunity. Zulfkar beaten twice slapped and kicked three times in the ass. The incident made angry Hamsinah after
reporting to the Head UPTD Dikpora Biringbulu, Fatahuddin, Hasyim only reprimanded. No action. '' I do not receive principal only
reprimanded. Deterrent efect should be given in order not to repeat the same violence on other children, "he said. Fights students
admitted Hamsinah still desirable. Not appropriate if teachers and schools to punish students out of bounds. My son is still small, kick the kayak adults only ,'' she recalls while hoping the issue resolved fne.
In a separated, Secretary Disdikpora Gowa, H Sappe Mangiriang in his ofce, on Monday February 17 cites, in fact the problem is not a problem. Both parents were
already reconciled. However, it later appeared reluctant parents Zulfkar.
In fact, the question of starting from his actions, other students pelted stones. Angry with that, parents of pupils are beginning to respond. However, the principal intervened to separate them can be avoided chaos.
"Spanking is not as presented Hamsinah, but only to the degree necessary for the purpose of easing anger parents stoning victim's Revenue clarifcation SD State Head
Datara," said Sappe. Secretary Disdikpora recalled
Hamsinah not exaggerate the actual question was settled. "Actually, they are at peace, but later appeared again with all kinds of stories," Secretary Disdikpora said. (Jai / bus)
Source:
Input
• In that case we know that the
student beat with a rock to his friend. So their parents are angry.
Process
• Beating his head to a real school
because they want to punish
students who throws a stone at her. However, parents are not stoning
ofenders receive for beating kepalah school.
• Secretary of Education Ofce
Output
• Parents stoning ofenders should also
understand that the behavior of
children who do not warranted and should not raise problems.
• Principals also should not exceed the
when will the
children fnished education
? When does
a child
Dr. M.J. Langeveld
Prof.Drs. Brodjonagoro
Another opinion from Figures of Education Ki Hajdar Dewantara
Garis-Garis Besar Haluan Negara
Lifelong Education
A. General Orientation: Characteristics and Factors Encouraging The Importance for Lifelong Education
1.Lim
3. The
A. Limitations of Ability from School
Education
C. Empowerment of resources is not
optimal
a. Limitations of Ability
a Many Educated Graduates who
can not
Absorbed in the World of Work
Changes of Society and Role of -
the Role of Social
The Changes of Llifestyle From Farmers
Empowerment of Resources is
not Optimal
• 1. Saving and optimizing the use of
resources that have been available for education.
• 2. Need to be explored new sources
have latent in the community.
The Development of School
Education is Very Rapidly
Source : Mudyahardjo, Redja. 2008. Pengantar Pendididikan Sebuah Studi Awal Tentang Dasar-Dasar Pendidikan pada Umumnya dan Pendidikan di Indonesia. Jakarta:Rajawali Press.
Gambar : a. http://pramuka.or.id/news/ b. http://www.karangtarunabanten.com
School Education is education that is designed to provide knowledge to the people to have the kind of skills and knowledge as well as experience that conducted outside
the formal education
B. Theoretical framework of Lifelong
a. The Development of Personality b. Stages of Development
c. General Roles and Unique
2. Lifelong :
a. The Development of Personality b. Stages of Development
c. General Roles and Unique
Source : Mudyahardjo, Redja. 2008. Pengantar Pendididikan Sebuah Studi Awal Tentang Dasar-Dasar Pendidikan pada Umumnya dan Pendidikan di Indonesia. Jakarta:Rajawali Press.
“Fate of Education in Border...”
A. Explanation
Friday, 25th November 2011 | 14:55 WIB
JAKARTA, KOMPAS.com – The teacher is a noble profession. However, the teacher was not as smooth trip. There are many obstacles that they face in carrying out his profession. A number of issues that are sticking will complaint gaps experienced
teachers who teach in the city and non-urban areas, the difculty of acquiring certifcation, to be exact allowance
disbursement, and the more complex issues facing teachers in the outermost regions, leading and lagging (3T area).3T areas are those areas directly adjacent to neighboring countries such as Malaysia. For these areas, problems arise such as
geographical location and lack of facilities and infrastructure. These issues become obstacles in realizing quality education. Portrait of education at the border was revealed in the
"Faces" very border education is inversely related to what happens in the big cities, and neighboring countries whose location is not so far and is clearly visible
A teacher of SMAN Badau, Kapuas Hulu, West Kalimantan, Augustine said that her school is only about 100 meters from the border between Indonesia and Malaysia.
According to him, the teachers who are in the area had to swallow the fact that less good. Every day they have to endure the "jealous" when looking at
neighboring countries provide a better guarantee and promise to the teachers for the sake of the development of quality education.
"Neighboring much better and promising. Whilst the facilities we have
received very limited, supporting materials, minimal, and there are also schools that should be asked of electricity from neighboring countries," said Augustine, who ate
nded the discussion.
He added that, in terms of welfare, the teachers in the border area is also very alarming. Benefts given by the government through professional
allowance and special allowance teacher bias and border areas are still not clear.??
"There is no gap and social unrest. At seven
districts there are some schools that do not get at all," he said.??
Upstream in lining there are three districts bordering with Malaysia, the District Badau, District Empana,
and the District Puring Kencana. And there is only one high school in the three districts.??
"So do not be surprised if there are children of school then to Malaysia. Besides promising, there are also high school graduates receive a certifcate life skills and can work in Malaysia with a decent salary," said Augustine.Penulis : Indra Akuntono
B. Input
Border area is a patio or front porch of a country can be assessed directly by neighboring countries . This should be a refection of government because basically all citizens have an equal right to education . How does the government want to advance the human resource that unequal educational system is left unchecked . People need education guaranteed borders , and worth as citizens have the same rights and obligations . Border communities are also our brothers and sisters who are entitled to a better future .
C. Process
Improving the quality of education at the border will also be one of the forts to strengthen Indonesia's national defense system .
Improving the quality of education at the border is an important step to strengthen the national defense system in the front porch area of the nation through education and culture .
The border should be a model school that made ' similar ' to the school in a neighboring country , which is shaped boarding school , from primary school to high school . On the day they go to school Monday through Friday from 7:00 until 14:00 . Saturday and Sunday of . After the afternoon break , at 16:00 to 18:00 , students do extracurricular activities . After dinner , jam19.30 , they learned in the reading room . 22:00 Towards all pupils should be encouraged to leave the reading room with evening prayer together frst. At 22:00 they had already entered the room to sleep each night . Waking up at 5:30 in the morning .
• For teachers who also were living in the school complex will be helped in ousting the loneliness. During the 24 hours since Monday until the following Monday, the school is not deserted. Of course, a lot of activities to do in equipping students for a better future. For the Government, it also can save the budget.
D. Output
Improving the quality of education at the border is an important step to strengthen the national defense system in the front porch area of the nation through education and culture. Improving access to education in the border can also increase the resources and infrastructure, as well as getting citizens in border areas feel a part of the unitary state of Indonesia. Improving the quality of education at the border will be one fort to strengthen Indonesia's national defense system.
By increasing the quality of education means that human resources will be born and the better the quality will be able to bring this nation to compete fairly in all areas in the world.
Education as a Science
Science education must qualify as a science. In this case can be reviewed through the object, methods and systematic.
1. About object
There are two objects of knowledge, that is a material object and formal object.
• Material object : Children (human)
• Formal object : attempt to mold a child
into a civilized man.
In terms of these objects, science education has fulflled one of the requirements as science.
Source : Drs.Amir Daien Indrakusuma.
2. About Methods
In a science should use scientifc methods. These methods in science education among which are :
a) Method of observation: provide research on social infuences, family environmental infuences delinquency problem child / youth. b) Questionnaire method: for example, be used
to investigate the responses of the teachers to use the book or a new method of teaching.
c) Method of experiment: for example be used to hold an inquiry in the teaching method, the ideal education system.
d) Method of testing: used to provide research on child intelligence.
Then reviewed in terms of method, the science of education has met these requirements.
Source : Drs.Amir Daien Indrakusuma. 1973.
3. About Systematic
The grade in the discussion of problems and issues for problems in science education, this suggests that the
restructuring of the educational
knowledge using systematic.
From the above it can be concluded that science education has met the basic requirements as a stand-alone science
Source : Drs.Amir Daien Indrakusuma. 1973.
Objects of Education
a) Protege b) Educator
The students while learning activities in the
classroom
Teacher are teaching in the classroom
c) Educational Materials
Curriculum development in Indonesia. In each curriculum are materials as educational materials
d) Teaching Methodology
The ways in which the present educational materials to the students.
e) Evaluation of Education
The ways how to conduct an assessment of student learning outcomes.
Source : Drs.Amir Daien Indrakusuma. 1973.
f) Educational Tools
Examples of educational tools in IPA
g) Surroundings
Circumstances that infuence educational outcomes.
h) Basic and Educational Purposes
Foundation becomes fondament of all
educational activities and towards which the students were taken.
Source : Drs.Amir Daien Indrakusuma. 1973.
Case Study
Remember this ... "Online Learning" No Class Nuts!
KOMPAS.com — During this time, indeed, stereotypes that appeared in the online education system is far behind compared to the conventional classroom learning system or face to face. In fact, the online method is considered "grade beans".
"Many see if an online education system, aka the low quality beans. Nah, that's the stereotype that we must educate the public," said Program Executive Director MM Binus Business School, Tubagus Hanaf Soeriaatmadja, when talking with Kompas.com in Jakarta, late January ago.
Based on the survey, students online classes proved to have many advantages. All materials and discussion on learning can be repeated again. System is clearly diferent from the conventional classroom, where students should take note. If forgot noted, the materials given to students just "get in the right ear, left ear of".
"That's why, Binus Business School launches course based technology, namely MM Online. MM Online is the Master's program in Management or MM mostly teaching and learning process using technology or online," said Hanaf.
Hanaf explained that the program has been a test run in December 2013 and began actively executed in February 2014 has several targets achievements. He saw the formation of MM Online this as a challenge and an opportunity.
"One of them was that, to remove the stereotypes society regarding online education system and students are far behind the conventional classroom students. Fact on the contrary, they are superior," said Hanaf.
Input
From the above case, we can
Processes
In a survey at a university in the United
States that says, if a conventional grader with online graders are tested together, then found the results as much as 90-100 percent of online classes students scoring above C and only 60 percent of conventional graders scores above C.
Further to disseminate to the public
There are two approaches taken by the
university to carry out the method of MM (Master in Management) Online this:
Analytical approach to the situation is the
ability to apply it using case studies that are all around us. For example, marketing case study of Indonesia, such as Coca-Cola, Indosat, and Astra.
Approach to creativity, students will be
Output
Online education system is not far behind with conventional teaching system. Because evidence has been found through surveys that have been conducted that proves the online classes have many advantages. All materials and discussion on learning can be repeated again.
In addition students will receive a
Synthesis
• Education is a science of its own because it
is qualifed to be a science.
• The terms of education as a science can be
explored through objects, methods, and sistematikanya.
• The objects of science education that
Kinds of Science ... !!!!!
1) Normative Science Education
1) Normative Science Education
2) Science education as
science that is descriptive. 3).Theoretical science education.
3).Theoretical science education.
1) Normative Science Education
Science education is always
dealing with human beings who. Of change in this belongs to the realm of philosophy is
philosophical anthropology. Science education is always
dealing with human beings who. Of change in this belongs to the realm of philosophy is
philosophical anthropology.
To explain that the system values become the norm for education, consider the
following description:
1. The story of Greece
The purpose of the establishment of the people's education Greece
robust physical. They argued that humans are creatures of play
(homo ludens). They argued that physical education is primary
education.
1. The story of Greece
The purpose of the establishment of the people's education Greece
robust physical. They argued that humans are creatures of play
(homo ludens). They argued that physical education is primary
education.
To explain that the system values become the norm for education, consider the
following description:
2. Story of Rationalism; infuence on Western Europe
According to their view of human beings are thinking creatures (homo sapiens). Maketh reasonable starting base. Highly value its people resourceful, both theoretical and practical sense. With reason, humans
generate knowledge. With the knowledge that humans can do good in the sense of perfect. 2. Story of Rationalism; infuence on
Western Europe
According to their view of human beings are thinking creatures (homo sapiens). Maketh reasonable starting base. Highly value its people resourceful, both theoretical and practical sense. With reason, humans
generate knowledge. With the knowledge that humans can do good in the sense of perfect.
2) Science education as a science
that is descriptive.
• Science education is a descriptive
study to describe the whole event right / not manipulated from the start who the students, what has
been taught to value given should be really - really describe the
acquisition of children's learning outcomes.
• Science education is a descriptive
study to describe the whole event right / not manipulated from the start who the students, what has
been taught to value given should be really - really describe the
acquisition of children's learning outcomes.
Theoretical and practical science education
1)Theoretical Sistematis
Historis
2)Practical
3). Theoretical science education.
• In the theoretical pedagogy scholars organize and systematize the inside pemikiranya what arrayed as pedidikan mindset. So from a
structured educational practices thinking
theoretically. Theoretical thought is structured in the education system and is usually called
the theoretical pedagogy. Theoretical pedagogy is also called systematic pedagogy. So in fact
the two terms have the same meaning, which is tantamount to a systematic theoretical.
• In the theoretical pedagogy scholars organize and systematize the inside pemikiranya what arrayed as pedidikan mindset. So from a
structured educational practices thinking
theoretically. Theoretical thought is structured in the education system and is usually called
the theoretical pedagogy. Theoretical pedagogy is also called systematic pedagogy. So in fact
the two terms have the same meaning, which is tantamount to a systematic theoretical.
a). Education is systematic
• Also referred to as the science of theoretical education to describe the problem the
theories used as a basis to implement
education. So science is a theoretical study of the theory concepts are used as the
foundation in carrying out education.
b). Science education is historical.
• Educational eforts that have been around since time immemorial. These eforts
continue to this day. The development eforts are very necessary to be known
and studied for the benefts sought in the present educational eforts. Assessment or study of the educational eforts made in
the past by historical science education.
Systematic relationship between
science education and historical
• It can be concluded that the
systematic pedagogy precedes historical pedagogy. However,
historical pedagogy provide help and enrich the systematic pedagogy.
Both help the educators to be -
careful in practice - the practice of education.
Students fall asleep while the teacher explains the lesson in classroom
Example if the method education conducted only theoretically
Sumber gambar :
4). Science practical education
In general pedagogy not only seek descriptive knowledge about the object of education, but also want to know how the object should be to avail of the students. So seen from maksut and their end, pedagogy be called "practical
science", because addressed to the practices and actions that afect their students. Although the practice of science education aimed at
educating, but needs to be distinguished science education as a science practical-pragmatic
In general pedagogy not only seek descriptive knowledge about the object of education, but also want to know how the object should be to avail of the students. So seen from maksut and their end, pedagogy be called "practical
science", because addressed to the practices and actions that afect their students. Although the practice of science education aimed at
educating, but needs to be distinguished science education as a science practical-pragmatic
Relationship Between Theoretical and Practical Education
• According Langeveld said in his book that the practice is
not guided by hypotheses or theories particular, it will end up as a waste of money, efort and time because it is only based on experimental unfocused and uncertain.
• JM Gunning once said: "theory without practice is well
on the scholars and practice without theory is only found in the insane and criminals". However, in the majority of educators required theory and practice go hand in hand
• .
• Sumber : Barnadib, Imam, Sutari. 1987. Pengantar Ilmu
Case Studies
Jayapura - Jayapura City digegerkan with the release of a video of a teacher who hit their
students in SMK 3 Jayapura. ? The video depicts a male teacher who later discovered that hitting the initials DS in the classroom while his students
smoking in the classroom. In the video there was no resistance from his actions. Disgraceful actions of the teacher were only discovered after an uncle of the student who was beaten named Ya suspect, nephew never been to school each subject the
teacher taught the DS.? Sergius Sapari,.
Sumber : Liputanberita
Dipublikasikan pada 24 Okt 2013
Always tell the victim's uncle nephew to school, but never go to class when subjects Renewable Energy
Then, he asked that the nephew and found about the teacher's behavior. According nephew is always fear and trauma of going to class, because often get action like that of his teacher, let alone teach in a state that smoking is certainly not a good example for students / i her.? "
While the new smoking teach in the classroom and at. We ask the frmness of the related department to give warning. In the recording there are three co-victims being beaten recorded the teacher. But those other comrades did not get recorded, "he explained to
reporters at the ofce of the Governor of Papua, on Wednesday (23/10).
Sumber : Liputanberita
Dipublikasikan pada 24 Okt 2013
The same place, the Mayor of Jayapura,
Benhur Tommy Mano so upset and angry when watching the video, and said it would go
straight to check the truth of the video, and he will ask for the matter prosecuted.
? For him, a teacher should not behave like that, because teachers as parents, friends, and mentors, so it is not worth smoking and
hitting students, especially at this time instead of the days play at the teacher because it
would need to be taken. Sumber : Liputanberita
Dipublikasikan pada 24 Okt 2013
INPUT
After reading the above case, we know that there are still a lot of violence in the classroom is done by
unscrupulous educators to their students themselves.
PROCESS
Student violence against teachers is due to the educational process only raced on theory alone, so many are not able to apply it to real life. So when students can not answer the
OUTPUT
A teacher should not behave like that, because teachers as parents, friends, and mentors, so it is not
