ASFN 2nd 08 RECOFTC Pre2

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So c ia l Fo re stry

’

s C o ntrib utio n to

Po ve rty Re d uc tio n

Fro m

status quo

to

quo

vadis

Tho m a s Ente rs Tho m a s Ente rs REC O FTC A sso c ia te REC O FTC A sso c ia te

Se c o nd Me e ting o f the

A SEA N So c ia l Fo re stry Ne two rk

27 to 29 A ug ust 2008, Ba ng ko k

Wha t Is REC O FTC ?

Stra te g ic a lly

p o sitio ne d b e twe e n o rg a niza tio ns tha t im p le m e nt a c tivitie s in the fie ld (o r the wo o d s) a nd …

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A Little Bit o f Histo ry

Id e a b o rn in 1982 a t a se m ina r o n fo re stry e xte nsio n o rg a nize d b y FA O a nd the Swe d ish Inte rna tio na l De ve lo p m e nt C o o p e ra tio n A g e nc y (Sid a ).

Esta b lishe d in Ma rc h 1987 a s a Tha i na tio na l institute to p ro vid e tra ining o n c o m m unity fo re stry.

In 1999, fo rm a l sta tus a s a n inte rna tio na l o rg a niza tio n with a m a nd a te to p ro m o te c o m m unity fo re stry in the A sia - Pa c ific re g io n.

Wha t REC O FTC Do e s?

Ind e p e nd e nt no t- fo r-p ro fit inte rna tio na l o rg a niza tio n

Info rm a tio n c e nte r

C a p a c ity b uild ing

C o untry p ro je c ts

Ne two rks

Pub lic a tio ns

Re se a rc h

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Ma in The m e s

G o ve rna nc e

Rig hts

Be ne fits

C lim a te C ha ng e

C o nflic t Ma na g e m e nt

Ma rke ts

Ba c k to Se m a ra ng

So c ia l fo re stry ha s g ive n ho p e fo r a so lutio n to the p ro b le m [the c yc le o f p o ve rty a nd fo re st d e g ra d a tio n], b y wa y o f p ro m o ting susta ina b le fo re st m a na g e m e nt while p ro sp e ring the fo re st c o m m unitie s.

O p e ning a d d re ss A SO F C ha irm a n Wa hjud i Wa rd o jo

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Ba c k to Se m a ra ng

Fina lly, I wo uld like to e m p ha size tha t a b o ve a ll, the m a in p urp o se o f the So c ia l Fo re stry Pro g ra m [in Ind o ne sia ] is to inc re a se the p ro sp e rity o f the p e o p le within a nd surro und ing the fo re st, b o th p re se nt a nd future , a nd a t the sa m e tim e , p re se rving the fo re st.

Ke yno te a d d re ss M. A li A rsya d

Se c re ta ry o f Dire c to ra te G e ne ra l Ministry o f Fo re stry (Ind o ne sia )

Status quo

So c ia l fo re stry g e ne ra te s So c ia l fo re stry g e ne ra te s inc o m e a nd will d o so in the

inc o m e a nd will d o so in the

future , b ut inc o m e g e ne ra tio n

d o e s no t ne c e ssa rily re sult in

p o ve rty re d uc tio n.

Und e r c urre nt Und e r c urre nt ‘‘im p e rfe c tim p e rfe c t’’ c o nd itio ns so c ia l fo re stry ha s

c o nd itio ns so c ia l fo re stry ha s

lim ite d p o te ntia l to a ssist in

so c io

so c io--e c o no m ic a d va nc e m e nt e c o no m ic a d va nc e m e nt

o f the p o o r a nd to e lim ina te

p o ve rty in the re g io n

p o ve rty in the re g io n’’s fo re ste d s fo re ste d

a re a s.

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Status quo

Eve n und e r Eve n und e r ‘‘p e rfe c tp e rfe c t’’

c o nd itio ns fo re sts a nd

c o nd itio ns fo re sts a nd

fo re stry a re p ro b a b ly

o f d im inishing future

im p o rta nc e (m ig ra tio n,

shifts in e m p lo ym e nt),

a ltho ug h REDD m a y

c ha ng e this.

The re is c o nsid e ra b le The re is c o nsid e ra b le sc o p e to m a ke so c ia l

sc o p e to m a ke so c ia l

fo re stry m o re re le va nt

to p o ve rty p ro d uc tio n,

if we a re se rio us a b o ut

a c hie ving MDG 1 a nd

a c hie ving MDG 1 a nd

wo rk to g e the r.

Wha t

’

s the e vid e nc e ?

A fo re ste r’s d re a m c o m e true (Jiri, Ne p a l)

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Wha t

’

Wealthy 35 200,000 20km 5 Improvement of irrigation canal All 20 310,000 One building 1 Health facility All 35 214,000 Five projects 5 Water supply Wealthy 30 300,000 One village 1 Electricity Wealthy and some poor 25 527,001 9 schools 9 School support All 85 65,000 One 1 Temple All 50 226,000 45km 8 Village trail

% of total cost Nepalese

rupees

Main beneficiaries Contribution of FUGs

Quantity Number

of study FUGs Infrastructure

C o m m unity infra struc ture im p ro ve m e nts fund e d

p a rtia lly b y FUG s in Ne p a l (1993/ 1996 to 2004)

So urc e : De v a nd A dhika ri (2007)

Wha t

’

s the e vid e nc e ?

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Wha t

’

22.31 13.08 5 3.08 Purchase 0 0 0 0 Community forest 0 0 0 0 Communal plantation 64.62 84.23 92.69 95.7 Government forest 0.77 0 0 0 Collaborative forest management 12.31 2.69 2.31 1.15 Private forest 2005 10 years ago

20 years ago 30 years ago

Sources

Fue lwo o d so urc e s in Ha ra iya villa g e (Ne p a l)

So urc e : Bha ttae t al. (2007)

Wha t

’

s the e vid e nc e ?

A ve ra g e d a ily inc o m e p e r p e rso n in Fo re st

Pro te c tio n C o m m itte e villa g e s in We st Be ng a l

0.58 0.73 1.41 4.55 Total 0.39 0.54 1.20 4.51 Non-forest 0.19 0.20 0.21 0.04 Forest Poor landless Poor Medium rich Rich Income sources (in US$ PPP)

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Re a so ns fo r p o o r re sults

Inc o m p le te kno wle d g e a b o ut the c a use s a nd fo rm s o f p o ve rty

Tra nsfe r o f m a na g e m e nt re sp o nsib ilitie s, b ut fe w a utho ritie s

Little d o wnwa rd a c c o unta b ility

We a k re so urc e se c urity a nd rig hts

Elite c a p ture

Und e rm ining o f lo c a l institutio ns in

g o ve rna nc e

Re a so ns fo r p o o r re sults

A rb itra ry c ha ng e s o f rule s a nd re g ula tio ns

Inc re a se d sta te

p e ne tra tio n in te rm s o f d e c isio n m a king

“Little ” o r no tre e s fo r

“little p e o p le ”

Pe rc e p tio n o f so c ia l fo re stry a s a “p ro je c t”

C o nflic ts a m o ng d iffe re nt re so urc e use rs o ve r rig hts a nd b o und a rie s

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Quo

vadis

?

C la rify re sp o nsib ilitie s a nd stre ng the n a utho ritie s o f lo c a l p e o p le

C la rify a nd stre ng the n re so urc e se c urity a nd rig hts

C o nsid e r e xisting lo c a l institutio ns in g o ve rna nc e inste a d o f c re a ting ne w o ne s

Sim p lify p ro c e d ure s, d ra ft m inim um sta nd a rd s, a nd p ro vid e sup p o rt to fulfill re q uire m e nts

Wha t c a n fo re ste rs a nd fo re st a g e nc ie s d o ?

Quo

vadis

?

A vo id a rb itra ry c ha ng e s o f rule s a nd re g ula tio ns

Ensure tha t m o re d e c isio n m a king a b o ut fo re st m a na g e m e nt o c c urs a t the lo c a l le ve l

Pro vid e a c c e ss to “b ig ” tre e s fo r “little p e o p le ”

Ensure tha t so c ia l fo re stry b e c o m e s a n inte g ra l p a rt o f na tio na l fo re st

p ro g ra m m e s

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Quo

vadis

?

G e ne ra te p o litic a l c o m m itm e nt to c o ntrib ute to a c hie ving MDG 1, e sp e c ia lly, b ut no t e xc lusive ly, within yo ur o wn a g e nc y

A c kno wle d g e the lim ite d ro le tha t so c ia l fo re stry c a n p la y in p o ve rty re d uc tio n

Re vie w ne w fina nc ing o p p o rtunitie s (suc h a s REDD)

Id e ntify info rm a tio n g a p s, im p e d im e nts, a sse ss c a p a c itie s, ke e p d a ta up to d a te

Le a rn fro m o the rs (suc h a s the p riva te se c to r)

Wo rk with p a rtne rs (suc h a s REC O FTC )

Im p o rta nt re q uire m e nts

REC O FTC

’

s

Pro p o sitio ns

REC O FTC sta nd s re a d y to wo rk with yo u in a re a s o f m utua l c o nc e rn

C a m b o d ia , Ind o ne sia , La o PDR, Tha ila nd a nd Vie tna m a re fo c a l c o untrie s a nd p ro vid e e xc e lle nt e ntry p o ints fo r the A SFN/ REC O FTC p a rtne rship

Stro ng fo c us o n PES, p a rtic ula rly REDD

O the r c o untrie s c a n b e a ssiste d via le a rning a nd e xc ha ng e s

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Tha nk yo u!