The 6th
International Conference on Information &
Communication Technology and Systems
(ICTS) 2010
Kumamoto
University INDONESIA SECTION
ISSN 2085-1944
September 28 2010, Surabaya - Indonesia
iT5
IjffiilH Institut
Teknologi
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FACE DETECTION SYSTEM USING 1-DIMENSIONAL HAAR
WAVELET TRANSFORM COEFFICIENTS
lwan Setyawan,, Ivanna K. Timotius", Andreas A. Febrianto"
Depatment of Electronic Engineering, Faculty of Electronic and Computer Engineering,
Satya Wacana Christian University, Salatiga - Indonesia
Jalan Diponegoro 52 - 60. Salatiga 50711 email: iwan.sctyawan@icce.org1, ivanna
_timotius@yahoo.com
'
. andrcas@visio-lab.org
,
ABSTRACT
A face detection system is an indispensible component of any automatic systems that deal with
human faces. For example, a face recognition
system has to rely on the face detection system to process the input image and locate the area of the image corresponding to a face. This area then becomes the input of the face recognition system
for further processing. This paper presents a face
detection system using I dimensional Haar wavelet transform coefficients as disciminating feature. A set of sample face images is used to generate the reference Haar wavelet coeficients. This reference is then used to find face candidates in the input
image. Our results using this algorithm show thai detection rate can reach 84.6%.
Keywords: Face detection. Haar wavelet.
I. INTRODUCTION
Face detection system is a system that
processes an input image such that it can identify' which areas of the image contains a face. Face detection system is a very important component of any system that deals with the recognition or tracking of human faces. Its performance is directly
responsible for the overall performance of the
system in question. Ideally, a face detection system should be able to locate and identify all faces in an input image, regardless of position, scale.
orientation, age and expression [IJ. In general,
current face detection systems cannot vet attain
such goals. Therefore, face detection is still an active and challenging ield of research
Various approaches have been proposed in the literature to detect and locate the presence of faces in an image. For example, one can use the human skin colour to ind facial area candidates (1)[2]. This approach is computationally attractive, however it is not without its problems. The problem stems from the fact that there are an enormous
v l e i w t m d e s p [ a f i
In this paper, we use the I dimensional Haar wavelet coeicients as the discriminating feature to identify areas that contain facial region. First,
reference feature vectors are constructed by performing 1-dimensional Haar wavelet transformation on the training image. These vectors are then used lo ind face candidates in the input image.
The remainder of this paper is organized as follows. Section 2 will discuss Haar wavelet transformation and its use as a discriminating
feature. Section 3 will discuss the proposed face detection algorithm. Section 4 will discuss the
experimental setup lhal we used. Finally, Section 5
will present discussion of the results and some pointers to our future work.
2. HAAR WAVELET TRANSFORM
Haar wavelet transform is the oldest wavelet
transform. It is also the wavelet transform with the simplest basis transform [7]. The Haar wavelet
basis function is shown in Figure 1. The basis function consists simply of 2 step functions. This
basis function can be scaled so thai it spans either a
large portion of the image (i.e., more spatial extent
or lower frequency resolution) or so that it covers
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