i Yana Andira Aprilidya, 2016
GRICE’S COOPERATIVE PRINCIPLE IN CONVERSATION OF CHILDREN WITH AUTISM SPECTRUM DISORDER (ASD): A CASE STUDY
Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia | repository.upi.edu | perpustakaan.upi.edu
LIST OF CONTENTS
PAGE OF APPROVAL ... i
STATEMENT OF AUTHORIZATION ... ii
PREFACE ... iii
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ... iv
ABSTRACT ... v
LIST OF CONTENTS ... vi
LIST OF TABLES ... ix
CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION ... 1
1.1Background ... 1
1.2Research Questions ... 4
1.3Purposes of the Research ... 4
1.4Significance of the Research ... 5
1.5Scope of the Research ... 5
1.6Research Methods ... 5
1.7Clarification of Related Terms ... 6
1.8Organization of the Paper... 7
CHAPTER II LITERATURE REVIEW ... 9
2.1Grice’s Cooperative Principle ... 9
2.1.1 Maxim of Quality ... 10
2.1.2 Maxim of Quantity ... 11
2.1.3 Maxim of Relation ... 12
2.1.4 Maxim of Manner ... 14
2.2Non-Observance of Maxims ... 16
2.2.1 Flouting ... 16
2.2.1.1 Flouting maxim of quality ... 17
2.2.1.2 Flouting maxim of quantity ... 18
2.2.1.3 Flouting maxim of relation ... 19
ii Yana Andira Aprilidya, 2016
GRICE’S COOPERATIVE PRINCIPLE IN CONVERSATION OF CHILDREN WITH AUTISM SPECTRUM DISORDER (ASD): A CASE STUDY
Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia | repository.upi.edu | perpustakaan.upi.edu
2.2.2 Violating ... 20
2.2.2.1 Violating maxim of relation ... 21
2.2.2.2 Violating maxim of manner ... 21
2.2.3 Infringing ... 22
2.2.4 Opting out ... 23
2.2.5 Suspending ... 24
2.3Conversation Analysis ... 25
2.4Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) ... 26
2.5Previous Studies ... 28
CHAPTER III RESEARCH METHODS ... 32
3.1Research Design ... 32
3.2Participants of the Research ... 33
3.3Data Collection Techniques ... 33
3.3.1 Audio recording ... 34
3.3.2 Observation ... 34
3.3.2 Interview ... 35
3.3.3 Transcribing the conversations ... 36
3.4Data Analysis ... 37
3.4.1 Identifying the observed and not observed maxims ... 37
3.4.2 Categorizing into types of non-observance of maxims ... 39
3.4.3 Discovering possible reasons behind the non-observance of maxims ... 41
3.4.4 Interpreting the findings ... 41
3.4.5 Drawing conclusions ... 41
CHAPTER IV FINDINGS AND DISCUSSION ... 42
4.1Observance of the Maxims ... 42
4.1.1 Maxim of quality ... 44
4.1.2 Maxim of quantity ... 48
4.1.3 Maxim of relation ... 52
4.1.4 Maxim of manner ... 56
iii Yana Andira Aprilidya, 2016
GRICE’S COOPERATIVE PRINCIPLE IN CONVERSATION OF CHILDREN WITH AUTISM SPECTRUM DISORDER (ASD): A CASE STUDY
Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia | repository.upi.edu | perpustakaan.upi.edu
4.2.1 Flouting ... 63
4.2.1.1 Flouting maxim of quality and its possible reasons ... 64
4.2.1.2 Flouting maxim of quantity and its possible reasons ... 65
4.2.1.3 Flouting maxim of relation and its possible reasons ... 68
4.2.1.4 Flouting maxim of manner and its possible reasons ... 70
4.2.2 Infringing ... 72
4.2.2.1 Infringing maxim of quality and its possible reasons ... 73
4.2.2.2 Infringing maxim of quantity and its possible reasons ... 74
4.2.2.3 Infringing maxim of relation and its possible reasons ... 75
4.2.2.4 Infringing maxim of manner and its possible reasons ... 76
4.2.3 Violating and its possible reasons ... 78
4.2.4 Opting Out and its possible reasons ... 81
4.3 Summary of Findings ... 84
CHAPTER V CONCLUSIONS AND SUGGESTIONS ... 85
5.1.Conclusions ... 85
5.2.Suggestions ... 86
References ... 88
iv Yana Andira Aprilidya, 2016
GRICE’S COOPERATIVE PRINCIPLE IN CONVERSATION OF CHILDREN WITH AUTISM SPECTRUM DISORDER (ASD): A CASE STUDY
Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia | repository.upi.edu | perpustakaan.upi.edu
LIST OF TABLES
3.1 Transcription Symbols Used in the Transcriptions ... 36
3.2 Identification of Observed and Not Observed Maxims by Anggi... 38
3.3 Identification of Observed and Not Observed Maxims by Fahri ... 38
3.4 Types of Non-Observance of Maxims Committed by Anggi ... 40
3.5 Types of Non-Observance of Maxims Committed by Fahri ... 40
4.1 The Distribution of Observed Maxims by Anggi and Fahri ... 43
