Teknik Elektro Unsoed
2014
Daftar Isi
Biomedical Equipment
Skill – skil dalam biomedis
Trend Pengelolaan Biomedis
Pemicu Pengelolaan Biomedis
Skill Sets
A recent review of biomedical equipment information system
specialist and related postings found 158 positions. Seven of
these positions were located in Texas. Position descriptions
included:
1.
Biomedical (or Medical) Equipment Information System
Specialists (BEISS or MEISS): Coordinate system installations,
upgrades, and changes of connected medical devices between the
biomedical engineering department, information systems, and the
hospital department involved. In addition to medical equipment
operation and troubleshooting skills, the BEISS should have
computer hardware and software troubleshooting skills, application
knowledge, and computer networking skills including server, VLAN,
and VPN, as well as database knowledge. The BEISS should also have
a good understanding of DICOM, HL7, PACS, and IHE.
42.
PACS Field Engineers: Maintain PACS units at healthcare facilities
and work for the manufacturer, vendor, or an independent service
organization. Requirements include medical industry experience,
strong IT skills including networking and troubleshooting, X-ray,
DICOM, CR, PACS, and storage area network (SAN) experience, and
database knowledge and troubleshooting experience.
3.
Biomedical PACS Specialists: Coordinate, develop, install, and
repair medical networking, imaging, and cardiology PACS. Serve as
liaison with Information Systems department and all imaging
Skill Sets
For these positions, information technology experts should acquire
skill sets in the field of clinical engineering/biomedical equipment
technology such as those found in the certified biomedical
equipment technician (CBET) and certified radiological equipment
specialist (CRES) certifications offered through the International
Certification Commission.
Biomedical equipment technicians
should learn skills normally
belonging to information technologists. Suggested information
technology education and training include: network and network
architecture; database platforms and architecture; device
interface including a working knowledge of network infrastructure
(LAN, WAN, VLAN, and VPN); 7-layer OSI model; real-time data
issues such as timing, bandwidth and frequency response; HL7,
DICOM, IHE; RF and wireless communications; HIPAA and data
security; high availability techniques such as RAID, UPS; and
remote access and control.
5Some field service positions list the
PACS
PACS : Picture Archiving and Communication Systems. A system
based on the universal (Digital Imaging and Communications in
Medicine) standard, which uses a server to store and allow facile
access to high-quality radiologic images, including conventional
films, CT, MRI, PET scans and other medical images over a
PACS
PACS components:
• Imaging modality—e.g., X-ray, CT, MRI etc.;
• Secure network for transmitting patient in
formation;
• Workstations for interpreting and reviewin
g images;
CT VS MRI
A
CT Scan
(or
CAT Scan
) is best suited for
viewing bone injuries, diagnosing lung and chest
problems, and detecting cancers. An
MRI
is suited
for examining soft tissue in ligament and tendon
injuries, spinal cord injuries, brain tumors, etc. CT
scans are widely used in emergency rooms
because the scan takes fewer than 5 minutes. An
MRI, on the other hand, can take up to 30 minutes.
An MRI typically costs more than a CT scan. One
Trends
Trends
Historically, biomedical engineering departments in hospitals worked under
the guidance of the plant engineering or maintenance department,
performing preventive maintenance, testing and repair activities to
stand-alone medical devices. Over the last decade, more computer-controlled
medical devices operate in enterprise networked environments, presenting
new challenges and risks for patient safety and the security of patient
information. Many biomedical engineering departments today are now under
the management of IT departments, reporting to the chief information
officer or vice president of information services.
Because so many medical devices in the hospital are computer controlled
and provide patient data over hospital networks, the Food and Drug
Administration (FDA) has reconsidered the definition of a medical device
data system.
6“Since 1989, the use of computer-based products and
Drivers
Drivers
Electronic medical record (EMR) initiatives are leading to a more integrated medical device
environment. Patient monitors and other medical devices are now part of a larger, enterprise-wide information system. Clinical systems and applications using medical device interfaces are life-critical with specific requirements for infrastructure, availability, and performance.7
A new voluntary standard, IEC 80001, Risk Management of Medical Devices in Networks, is
being developed to apply risk management responsibilities to enterprise networks
incorporating medical devices. The configuration and interaction of medical devices and the infrastructure of enterprise networks introduce new and unanticipated risks such as loss of patient data, inappropriate data exchange, corrupted data, inappropriate timing of data, and unauthorized access to data. Managing these risks requires cooperation and collaboration of both clinical engineering/biomedical engineering departments and information systems departments.
Integrating the Healthcare Enterprise (IHE) is an initiative by healthcare professionals and
industry to improve the way computer systems in healthcare share information. IHE promotes the coordinated use of established standards such as DICOM and HL7 to address specific clinical need in support of optimal patient care. IHE, previously primarily focused on radiology applications, has expanded to include cardiology and other clinical specialties.
Applications such as RFID, patient alarm management, remote access, telemedicine, medical
telemetry, Bluetooth devices, and wireless devices using IEEE 802.11x standards have also blurred the boundaries between information systems responsibilities and those of the
Constraints
Constraints
The previously different missions and cultures of information systems and biomedical
engineering departments make communication imperative to successful collaboration. Biomedical engineering departments have a more patient-centric focus (life-critical) with an emphasis on patient safety. Response time for problem calls for biomedical equipment
technicians (BMETs) is typically measured in minutes or hours. Information systems have historically had a more systems-centric (mission-critical) focus with an emphasis on the integrity of data and processes. Response time for information systems professionals is typically measured in hours or days.
Certifications and education are also different for biomedical equipment technicians and
information systems professionals. BMETs typically have associate of applied science degrees in biomedical equipment technology or are military-trained. BMETs may be certified by the International Certification Commission as certified biomedical equipment technicians (CBET), certified radiological equipment specialists (CRES), or certified laboratory equipment
specialists (CLES). Education for BMETs has primarily been focused on electronics and troubleshooting skills as well as the operation and clinical application of medical devices.8
Information systems professionals may specialize in network administration, computer
Timing
Timing
Computer hardware, software, and networking courses
as well as courses covering DICOM, HL7, and PACS
should be included in biomedical equipment technology
curricula. Information systems programs preparing
students for work in healthcare should incorporate
DICOM, HL7, and PACS into the curriculum. Programs to
prepare BEISSs should focus on information technology
skills such as computer hardware, software, networking,
and database, along with DICOM, HL7, and PACS, and
should include elements of biomedical equipment
technology curricula such as applied medical equipment
operation and troubleshooting, safety, and imaging
Relevance
Relevance
Skills required of BEISSs are extensions of
current biomedical equipment technology
Source
Sources
Grimes, Stephen L.,
Convergence of Clinical Engineering and Information Technology
,
August 24, 2006.
↩
Grimes
↩
Monegain, Bernie.
Study points to need for 40,000 more healthcare IT professionals
,
Healthcare IT News.
↩
Vallely, Ian. Medical Equipment Information System Specialist, Sequoia
Hospital, Redwood City, California. Personal email, June 6, 2008.
↩
American College of Clinical Engineering.
Guidelines for convergence of clinical engineering and information tec
hnology
.
↩
Medical Connectivity.
FDA issues new MDDS rule
. March 1. 2008
↩
American College of Clinical Engineering
↩
Biomedical Information
System
http://ocw.mit.edu/courses/biological-engin
eering/20-453j-biomedical-information-techn
ology-fall-2008
Course Description
This course teaches the design of contemporary information
systems for biological and medical data. Examples are chosen
from biology and medicine to illustrate complete life cycle
information systems, beginning with data acquisition, following to
data storage
and finally to retrieval and analysis. Design of
appropriate databases, client-server strategies, data interchange
protocols, and computational modeling architectures. Students
are expected to have some familiarity with scientific application
software and a basic understanding of at least one contemporary
programming language (e.g. C, C++, Java, Lisp, Perl, Python). A
major term project is required of all students. This subject is open
to motivated seniors having a strong interest in biomedical
engineering and information system design with the ability to
carry out a significant independent project.
This course was offered as part of the
Singapore-MIT Alliance
Pustaka
http://ocw.mit.edu/courses/biological-engin
eering/20-453j-biomedical-information-techn
ology-fall-2008/lecture-notes
Silabus
http://ocw.mit.edu/courses/biological-
Paper
http://
Referensi Program Studi
http://
