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Judul Tesis : Manajemen Cairan dan Status Nutrisi dengan Kualitas Hidup Pasien Hemodialisa di RSUD DR. Pirngadi Medan
Nama : Yusnaini Siagian
Program Studi : Magister Ilmu Keperawatan Minat Studi : Keperawatan Medikal Bedah
Tahun : 2016
ABSTRAK
Pasien gagal ginjal kronik yang menjalani terapi hemodialisa mengalami perubahan seluruh aspek kehidupannya terutama pembatasan asupan cairan dan nutrisi supaya mampu beradaptasi sehingga dapat meningkatkan kualitas hidupnya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi dan menjelaskan hubungan manajemen cairan dan status nutrisi dengan kualitas hidup pasien hemodialisa di RSUD DR. Pirngadi Medan. Desain penelitian ini adalah deskriptif korelasi. Instrumen yang digunakan adalah kuisioner manajemen cairan, kuisioner kualitas hidup dan lembar food recall 24 jam. Responden penelitian ini berjumlah 92 orang dengan tehnik pengambilan sampel purposive sampling. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa rata-rata responden masih mengalami kelebihan cairan yang cukup tinggi dengan rata-rata skor manajemen cairan 78,07, median 77,50 dan standar deviasi 9,50. Sebagian besar status nutrisi responden kurang sebanyak 64 orang (69,6%) dan nilai kualitas hidup responden mengalami penurunan yang signifikan dengan nilai rata-rata 59,61 (SD 21,32). Analisa hasil penelitian menggunakan uji pearson (bivariat). Pada analisa korelasi didapatkan tidak ada hubungan antara manajemen cairan dengan kualitas hidup pasien hemodialisa (p= 0,253 dan r = -0,120) dan ada hubungan yang bermakna antara status nutrisi dengan kualitas hidup pasien hemodialisa (p= 0,001 dan r = 0,338). Pasien gagal ginjal kronik yang menjalani terapi hemodialisa di RSUD DR. Pirngadi Medan kesulitan melakukan pembatasan asupan cairan terbukti dengan adanya penambahan berat badan interdialisis kategori berat dan pasien juga mengalami gangguan status nutrisi menyebabkan mereka berada pada keadaan berisiko terkena komplikasi kelebihan cairan dan kekurangan nutrisi sehingga mengalami penurunan kualitas hidup. Perawat di unit hemodialisa diharapkan melakukan penambahan frekuensi hemodialisa 3 kali seminggu, pemberian edukasi tentang nutrisi dengan pemberian buku saku diet serta melakukan penilaian kualitas hidup pasien hemodialisa secara berkesinambungan.
Kata kunci : Manajemen cairan, status nutrisi, kualitas hidup pasien hemodialisa
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Thesis Title : Fluid Management and Nutritional Status on the Life Quality of Hemodialysis Patients at RSUD DR. Pirngadi, Medan
Name : Yusnaini Siagian
Study Programe : Master of Nursing Science Field of Specialization : Medical Surgical Nursing Academic Year : 2016
ABSTRACT
Patients with chronic kidney failure who undergo hemodialysis therapy experience changes in all aspects of their lives, particularly in the limitation of fluid and nutrition intake in order to be able to adapt so that they can improve their life qualities. The research objective was to identify and describe the correlation of management of fluid and nutritional status with hemodialysis patients’ life quality at RSUD dr. Pirngadi, Medan. The design of the research was descriptive correlation. The instruments were questionnaires of fluid management, life quality, and 24-hour food recall sheets. There were 92 respondents, taken by using purposive sampling technique. The results showed that on average, the respondents still had quite high fluid excess which mean score, median, and deviation standard of fluid management were 78.07, 77.50, and 9.50 respectively. Most respondents’ nutritional status was low represented by 64 respondents (69.6%) and the qualities of their lives decreased significantly with mean 59.61 (SD 21.32). The analysis of research results used Pearson testing (bivariate analysis). The results of correlation analysis showed that there was not any correlation between fluid management and hemodialysis patients’ life qualities (p= 0.253 and r= -0.120) and there was significant correlation between nutritional status and hemodialysis patients’ life qualities (p= 0.001 and r= 0.338), patients with chronic kidney failure who were undergoing hemodialysis at RSUD dr. Pirngadi, Medan had difficulties in setting the limitation of fluid intake. It was proven by interdialysis weight gaining with heavy category and the patients who expereienced some nutritional status problems and nutritional deficiencies so that their life qualities were getting lower. The nurses at hemodialysis unit were expected to increase the frequency of hemodialysis to be 3 times a week, to provide education concerning nutrition by giving dietary pocket notes, and do sustainable assessment on hemodialysis patients’ life quality.
Keywords : Fluid Management, Nutritional Status, Hemodialysis Patients’ Life Qualities
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