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M ECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF CONCRETE M IXED
W ITH W ASTE GLASS
THESIS
Arranged By:
HAMED.A.EMHEMED ABUSHAREB
S100130031
POST GRADUATE PROGRAM
MASTER PROGRAM IN CIVIL ENGINEERING
UNIVERSITAS MUHAMMADIYAH
SURAKARTA
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M ECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF CONCRETE M IXED
W ITH W ASTE GLASS
Arranged by:
HAMED.A.EMHEMED ABUSHAREB
S100130031
This thesis approved 11
March 2015 by.
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Abstract
The study of waste glass (WG) concrete mix was done to study mechanical properties of concrete
mix with target characteristics strength 30MPa at 28 days age. The laboratory experimental
study was conducted at Muhammadiyah University between October and December 2014,to find
out the high strength and amount for Waste Glass as fine aggregates replacement in a concrete
mix. Also alkali silica reaction (ASR) was determined by expansion test. For mechanical
properties compressive strength, flexural strength and modulus of elasticity (MOE) were
determined. All measurement was done in accordance to ASTM standard methods. Three sample
content types of 10%, 15% and 20% concrete mix containing waste glass and control 0%
concrete mix were prepared, casted and cured for 28 days before determination of mechanical
properties, and mortar bar were caste and cured for 14 days for ASR determination. Results
showed that highest measured characteristics strength was 30.72MPa, for flexural strength was
6.8MPa and for modulus of elasticity was 37.42MPa, and the high expansion test was 28%
compared to control concrete mix. For the amount waste glass replacement was determined in
relation to high characteristics strength yield which was found at 10% WG replacement. The
conclusion reached to this study were; Maximum characteristic strength for glass concrete mix
was reached with 10% fine aggregate replaced was 30.72Mpa at 28 days age. While for ASR
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pengukuran dilakukan sesuai dengan m etode st andar ASTM . Tiga jenis kont en sam pel dari 10%,
15% dan 20% cam puran bet on yang m engandung lim bah kaca dan kont rol 0% cam puran bet on
siap, dicor dan sem buh selam a 28 hari sebelum penent uan sifat m ekanik, dan bar m ort ir yang
kast a dan sem buh selam a 14 hari unt uk Penent uan ASR. Hasil penelit ian m enunjukkan bahw a
kekuat an karakt erist ik diukur t ert inggi adalah 30.72M Pa, lent ur adalah 6.8M Pa dan m odulus
elast isit as adalah 37.42M Pa, dan uji ekspansi t inggi adalah 28% dibandingkan dengan kont rol
cam puran bet on. Unt uk penggant ian kaca jum lah lim bah dit ent ukan dalam kait annya dengan
hasil kekuat an karakt erist ik t inggi yang dit em ukan pada 10% penggant i W G. Kesim pulan yang
dicapai penelit ian ini adalah; Kekuat an karakterist ik m aksim um unt uk kaca bet on dicapai
dengan 10% agregat halus digant i adalah 30.72M pa pada 28 hari usia. Sedangkan unt uk ASR,
penggant ian agregat halus oleh kaca lim bah menunjukkan ekspansi di sem ua jum lah yang
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ﻢﯿﺣﺮﻟا ﻦﻤﺣﺮﻟا ﷲ ﻢﺴﺑ
ACKNOW LEDGEM ENT
Fir st and for emost, w ant thank Allah I w ould like to expr ess my sincer e thanks
and appr eciation to my mother , and academic super visor s Assoc.Dr .
Mohamad Solikin and Dr .Ir . Sr i Sunar jono w ho continuously guided me
thr oughout ever y step of my study and gener ously shar ed their time and
know ledge w ith me.
M y special t hanks must be ext ended t o t echnical st aff members post graduat e program mast er
program in civil engineering M UHAM M ADIYAH UNIVERSITY SURAKARTA M illion w ords of
t hanks for fellow friends w ho show ed t heir Concern and support all t he w ay. Abdullah .t heir
view s and t ips are useful indeed. Unfort unat ely, it is not possible t o list all of t hem in t his
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2.1.1 Previous Studies on Waste Glass Uses in a Concrete Mixture………9
2.2 Basic Theory………..…………15
CHAPTER III RESEARCH METHODOLOGY………22
3.1 Research Explanation ……….…...………..22
3.1.1 Introduction ………..………..22
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3.3.1 Concrete mix Design target strength 30 MPa for 28 days age ……….………30
3.3.2 Method selection………30
3.3.3. Determination of the Mean Target Strength (Ft) ………31
3.3.4 Procedure for Mix Design ……….………36
3.6.5 Alkali-Silica Reaction (ASR) Test……….…………41
3. 7 Matrix Of Specimens ………42
4.2.2 Natural Coarse Aggregate Test ………...………..45
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4.2.4 Waste Glass Aggregate Test………..………50
4.3 Mixing, Slump test, Molding and Curing ……….………53
4.4.4 Alkali Silica Reaction (ASR) ASTM C 227and C 12………..………..64
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LI ST OF TABLE
Table.2.1 shows approximate compositions and the corresponding uses of various common
forms of glass ………..19
Table 3.1 General Properties and Composition of OPC Type……….………..……..…27
Table 3.2 The Grading requirement for Fine aggregate as designated by ASTM C 3….…...28
Table 3.3 Grading Requirement for Coarse Aggregates as designated by ASTM C 33.…....29
Table 3.4 Glass chemical composition……….……29
Table 3.5 Given Concrete Data Description …….………..…30
Table 3.6 Recommended values of slump for various types of construction as given by A CI 211.1-91 (reapproved 2002). ………32
Table 3.7 Approximate requirements for mixing water and air content workability and nominal maximum sizes of aggregates according to ACI 211.1-9…………..……33
Table. 3.8 Relation between water/cementation material ratio average compressive strength of concrete, according to ACI 211.1-91 (reapproved 2002 ).……….…………...34
Table 3.9 Dry bulk volume of coarse aggregate per unit volume of concrete as given by ACI 211.1-91 (reapproved 2002). …………...………..………35
Table 3.10 Concrete mix design outputs at 30 MPa. ….………..….…..……36
Table 3.11 Concrete mix design materials description………..…..……36
Table.3.12 for Variables Parameters………..….……39
Table.3.13 Matrix for Specimens Description ……….……….…………42
Table .3.14 . Batch Material Proportioning………..……….43
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Table 4.2 Coarse Aggregate Test Result……….……….………45
Table 4.3 Gradation of Coarse Aggregate ………...……..………..…46
Table 4.4 Fine aggregate test result……….……….………....………48
Table 4.5 Gradation of Fine Aggregate………49
Table 4.6 Fine aggregate test result ……….……50
Table. 4.7 Fine Aggregates (Glass) Gradation ……….…………51
Table 4.8 Mixtures Proportion……….……53
Table 4.9 Slump Test Result description ………...……….………55
Table 4.10 Characteristic Strength (MPa) ………...……..…………...………56
Table 4.11 Flexural Strength (MPa) at 28 days. ……….…………..……60
Table 4.12 Modulus of Elasticity (MOE) at 28 days as ASTM C 469….……….62
Table: 4.13 Mortar Mixtures proportions used for ASTM C 1260 (ASR test) ………..65
Table 4.14 ASTM C 1260 Expansion Test Results……….……..….66
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TABLE OF FI GURE
Figure: 3.1. Flow chart for procedures for making waste glass concrete mix and experimental
testing………25
Figure: 3.2. Flow chart showing the procedure for preparation of waste glass fine aggregate …26 Figure 4.1 Coarse aggregates gradation ……….………...………47
Figure: 4.2 Fine aggregates gradation ………..………..………49
Figure: 4.3 Glass Sieve gradation as in accordance to ASTM C ………...……52
Figure: 4.4 Slump test for Fresh prepared WG concrete mix. ……….………..…55
Figure 4.5 Characteristic Strength of WG concrete at 28 Days………58
Figure . 4.6 Flexural Strength of WG concrete mix………61
Figure: 4.7 MOE WG concrete for 28 days age . Research Result (2014…………..…………63
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APPENDIX LEST
.APPENDIX A : NCA and NFA and GA t est s.
APPENDIX B : Slum p t est
APPENDIX C: C
ompressive strengths test.
APPENDIX D:
Flexural strengths test.
APPENDIX E:
Modulus of elasticity test.
APPENDIX F:
