•
•
PENGGUNAAN SENJATA DAlAM MASYARAKAT ACEH
(Suatu Penelitian di Kabupaten Aceh 8esar)
Oleh
DRS. HUSAINI, MA
Staf Pengajar pada FKIP, Universitas Syiah Kuala
PUSAT PENELlTIAN ILMU SOSIAL DAN BUDAYA UNIVERSITAS SYIAH KUAlA
DARUSSALAM - BANDA ACEH
1995/1996
•
•
PENGGUNAAN SENJATA DAlAM MASYARAKAT ACEH
(Suatu Penelitian di Kabupaten Aceh 8esar)
Oleh
DRS. HUSAINI, MA
Staf Pengajar pada FKIP, Universitas Syiah Kuala
PUSAT PENELlTIAN ILMU SOSIAL DAN BUDAYA UNIVERSITAS SYIAH KUAlA
DARUSSALAM - BANDA ACEH
1995/1996
I
\
l~n S:-l~Ti! I,. p:,J,'i
n
su]ull h S, "f y:"ng t Inh 'il:"I1rI':"'lngj.,l~m ini G.i!T\g:m ilnu T>'-ng\t~hu ... n d"n ; '-1:"d"'b~\n.
1:(,;11, l i t i 'n ini j i :.-rj .... k,·n ~di"ll:"lh t:->s k 'p;:rc;--,y"""'n
t:- y~ng jip,rgun~lk:"n nnttJl< k~.'P r'll:"ln e h.'·ri·-h"ri. At "!s l .. ".mud~h!"'J1 YH.!'g' die. rik911 cl h Ih?<1K C •. rnt=!:t Sult." \!;,>k:r.ur
rim:1k.'":.,ih.
i.lthirnY;-I k,"'pad'1 S(!lilU;' pih~'* y;ms t urut :nrnb:mtu t,"Ii- 1 ").{;;;,'"1]'!f'nY:l p .. nc:l i
ti
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Drs .i!u ... :-i n i. tl,,,~
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l~n S:-l~Ti! I,. p:,J,'i
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su]ull h S, "f y:"ng t Inh 'il:"I1rI':"'lngj.,l~m ini G.i!T\g:m ilnu T>'-ng\t~hu ... n d"n ; '-1:"d"'b~\n.
1:(,;11, l i t i 'n ini j i :.-rj .... k,·n ~di"ll:"lh t:->s k 'p;:rc;--,y"""'n
t:- y~ng jip,rgun~lk:"n nnttJl< k~.'P r'll:"ln e h.'·ri·-h"ri. At "!s l .. ".mud~h!"'J1 YH.!'g' die. rik911 cl h Ih?<1K C •. rnt=!:t Sult." \!;,>k:r.ur
rim:1k.'":.,ih.
i.lthirnY;-I k,"'pad'1 S(!lilU;' pih~'* y;ms t urut :nrnb:mtu t,"Ii- 1 ").{;;;,'"1]'!f'nY:l p .. nc:l i
ti
':11 ini t pr nulis mc:nguccrp!<~n brJly.,l{B;->nd·'" j.cl',h. ,',pri l
19SC
Drs .i!u ... :-i n i. tl,,,~
i
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~... .
iDAF';'.U I SI
... ..
i i 1 •. ... . . .. . ....
11 .1
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1 ..'3
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1. , }~'ntin6nyr .i.',-'n~liti,-n ..•..•••• • c~~ • • • • • • • • G 1.5 n:.todf: :r.n liti-'n
· ... . ... .... .
2.. ..
,... . .. ... .. 5. ...
12,
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III...>.lIOt7:tV'I
... .... . .. ... ... . 27
... ... ... ..
2011
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... ..
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1. , }~'ntin6nyr .i.',-'n~liti,-n ..•..•••• • c~~ • • • • • • • • G 1.5 n:.todf: :r.n liti-'n
· ... . ... .... .
2.. ..
,... . .. ... .. 5. ...
12,
•.. ... ... 25
III...>.lIOt7:tV'I
... .... . .. ... ... . 27
... ... ... ..
2011
l' 0 .DAm Lt. A...
D:,l~m hi.duj} c!c'll1 \-::t:'h:i '1uf;.m 111~lnUci?s ;e>nj1tn 1 •. ">rurPtI.:m
3Ufltl.4 k?01l-tuil:>n y<=t"nZ h~ru'3 ?,.jc:.: p:=!ci? ,li.rinya. \·il=!nt:1 ;it=! '1p. -
brlL,ai c j ptPAA t1
t'"
n y~nG T:1pnd i 81.1i pl MPt 'b'.t"!l.i \ .. ~lE':Li.!,\.lntprgolon:!
SF-b.'lr .. ')ima't;:hluv..
so~iC11: na~un b(myp.~tMt"n:Jii'n
dan pPl'mU 1uhfln ~'?nf; dihRd;;<"Di.ny?, b;:;~l{ t;·mt me",n .y;.,ng d" - tcm(, d.8ri ,,("'!si •• n2nya O:C:hlI't,;n d-,rl. 1;lfll~~L"lu:"t 1."11n .qLf1u l1ngku-
ne~n ~lt:l!!l :::,:",v .. i. t rn.:,';"'. ('01 ,1-) k;,;::,pnfl ' tu unt1:.1.i: r. .~ml"Jt'··rtr<I-.. '!1
Sf':3U;--j..;... ,-:!urut tU!lt.ut;m sam;.n. dp'e;l O1:lBfpr::!!{:lt ",rlr.-J.tl,iP
T'prti bindt;;ne bU;;~t -,u3A di.p"nnn'(i~n Dp.b~t:.fli i-Il<'lt :p-prburu
;=:tn Il.ntult mpnang>:ni) hp.riJASfti bitl: tpng. 3p.l",in i tu jltg~ :::;"tl
j?ti1 di'!:wl:1kCln untul{ "t:i( .. rt~:lli bf' .... bR£:li l:f'pPr1.I .... 1!l gur:~ me
meno-:li kp'!.JUtuh~n hidupnyrt. S(>njc=!t~··Of>n":'ItFl Pf'd:"l ~;, lrtu itu u(r:-~at !JF~ra :lrn.,-'tFt l(,>~ipnrs ~f>nJi1tfl potong. s<""n;)fl(;3 J:U .•
lml, spn j r"lt., tl"'SU}. 'If'n ppr;:.n -7k~p (.:.~of>ntJ ,,",.ran in~'r;:,t, 1 ::JSO : 21) .
nYA l{~!,pn;-J ';"!'pb'",,!';'ln Hilf'"rh !'I'\,'::\U bl1trfs ,-1~f>r.1h p":'11?rintcf1 FIn. 3i.t=lp •. n./R ,j;-:1,-r;. l)?;Pl',mc" ... n Y;"lng t..f':r.IFc1i tI",~m,·'n:,nC"!"1n
l' 0 .DAm Lt. A...
D:,l~m hi.duj} c!c'll1 \-::t:'h:i '1uf;.m 111~lnUci?s ;e>nj1tn 1 •. ">rurPtI.:m
3Ufltl.4 k?01l-tuil:>n y<=t"nZ h~ru'3 ?,.jc:.: p:=!ci? ,li.rinya. \·il=!nt:1 ;it=! '1p. -
brlL,ai c j ptPAA t1
t'"
n y~nG T:1pnd i 81.1i pl MPt 'b'.t"!l.i \ .. ~lE':Li.!,\.lntprgolon:!
SF-b.'lr .. ')ima't;:hluv..
so~iC11: na~un b(myp.~tMt"n:Jii'n
dan pPl'mU 1uhfln ~'?nf; dihRd;;<"Di.ny?, b;:;~l{ t;·mt me",n .y;.,ng d" - tcm(, d.8ri ,,("'!si •• n2nya O:C:hlI't,;n d-,rl. 1;lfll~~L"lu:"t 1."11n .qLf1u l1ngku-
ne~n ~lt:l!!l :::,:",v .. i. t rn.:,';"'. ('01 ,1-) k;,;::,pnfl ' tu unt1:.1.i: r. .~ml"Jt'··rtr<I-.. '!1
Sf':3U;--j..;... ,-:!urut tU!lt.ut;m sam;.n. dp'e;l O1:lBfpr::!!{:lt ",rlr.-J.tl,iP
T'prti bindt;;ne bU;;~t -,u3A di.p"nnn'(i~n Dp.b~t:.fli i-Il<'lt :p-prburu
;=:tn Il.ntult mpnang>:ni) hp.riJASfti bitl: tpng. 3p.l",in i tu jltg~ :::;"tl
j?ti1 di'!:wl:1kCln untul{ "t:i( .. rt~:lli bf' .... bR£:li l:f'pPr1.I .... 1!l gur:~ me
meno-:li kp'!.JUtuh~n hidupnyrt. S(>njc=!t~··Of>n":'ItFl Pf'd:"l ~;, lrtu itu u(r:-~at !JF~ra :lrn.,-'tFt l(,>~ipnrs ~f>nJi1tfl potong. s<""n;)fl(;3 J:U .•
lml, spn j r"lt., tl"'SU}. 'If'n ppr;:.n -7k~p (.:.~of>ntJ ,,",.ran in~'r;:,t, 1 ::JSO : 21) .
nYA l{~!,pn;-J ';"!'pb'",,!';'ln Hilf'"rh !'I'\,'::\U bl1trfs ,-1~f>r.1h p":'11?rintcf1 FIn. 3i.t=lp •. n./R ,j;-:1,-r;. l)?;Pl',mc" ... n Y;"lng t..f':r.IFc1i tI",~m,·'n:,nC"!"1n
2
1 d<ln 19 til'lbnJ. p~rpec<'lllf)D~PF-rpp.cr:il~m di 1,Rl"lI1G,:m i{p~·
rf"lj??n~·1<pri",jfl;=ln di ··u:J.rulbU'fj Spb1grt.i. <,,1.tib;t politik ;du dornbA y~ne dij:'l:->n~( .... n PPTIj;)j<,h pC':d;'l \I",,:{tll itu. r~pp.r;'mgan
~il.i.h bf'rgrmti t(3~~j,'1di di:mt.iI'? Kpr"j;'"jc~n yC'mg nd<1. Sudfln
dap,::lt dip.?t3t,i1~n.!1 b::Ji\/rI di-llf'lr.t sptLlP pe-:ppr"lng'~nt .... e-nj;-;.tt!
mutlC1i-;. di.:.J('!rluk~n. i'f'J1tu s!":lj;~ S?nj2t<1 y.qng U.iPR~.U "d.a lc1h S"'S\l.-.i cf'ong.m kp-:TI:1ju,"lIn dnn ppL"l{pmbrmg;"':l"l z,·,m,:'ln Prldfl
\1O}{tu itu.
1912 (.Ufi~n.19u7:215).
2
1 d<ln 19 til'lbnJ. p~rpec<'lllf)D~PF-rpp.cr:il~m di 1,Rl"lI1G,:m i{p~·
rf"lj??n~·1<pri",jfl;=ln di ··u:J.rulbU'fj Spb1grt.i. <,,1.tib;t politik ;du dornbA y~ne dij:'l:->n~( .... n PPTIj;)j<,h pC':d;'l \I",,:{tll itu. r~pp.r;'mgan
~il.i.h bf'rgrmti t(3~~j,'1di di:mt.iI'? Kpr"j;'"jc~n yC'mg nd<1. Sudfln
dap,::lt dip.?t3t,i1~n.!1 b::Ji\/rI di-llf'lr.t sptLlP pe-:ppr"lng'~nt .... e-nj;-;.tt!
mutlC1i-;. di.:.J('!rluk~n. i'f'J1tu s!":lj;~ S?nj2t<1 y.qng U.iPR~.U "d.a lc1h S"'S\l.-.i cf'ong.m kp-:TI:1ju,"lIn dnn ppL"l{pmbrmg;"':l"l z,·,m,:'ln Prldfl
\1O}{tu itu.
1912 (.Ufi~n.19u7:215).
3
m:"tsy?r;"l~tnt. :llu}.Ii1ny., k~.:1d~,-.r. tii Acril b~rb;:>d- dpngi'\n d::pr:i1 1 '"'inny'" di Inaon~si:'. pp.~im?in non Dri".''Il u;;l(\!"; m,~syt~-
k"n mC'lsst'"I mel~~\!.311 1.pnj1'4j:-h. ,lnlC";upun \i~r2-ton (!!l.~'..l.li!18Ko.w eud::-1h '->:il~lln~:-;i clr>h :S~l"'·nJ.:"I: r,p:nun Ep.l~.nd~ tLl<:lk bis~'
Uf'rgpr"k l~bih 1'.!-s. !3f'lf nd~1 h:-:ny., mf':Jr.~)u rnf'ngu~s ... d mf>U lit'~Jgou :'-;"111, tpt::!11i tid.'lt b_si" bpr~f'r k lehih lul'".s l.:->ai.
run ':I",:!ttu y~~ne lr-ril" d
om
b .... ·ny"l;{ sf>rdr.du Del:"!1dA y-.n[;. tp"'~~Rdi Ac<:'!h': RUI;.~ny., di h.,lik pArj l')till:t ynrlg l~n0gC"n,!>·'rtt"n
1tn t?rd"I);:ot J-;eku.'t .... .n-i'C("hu.'t",n yrmg dtr.ulil~ 01f>1';, rk:y .. t ACf'>h <l l .... m IDftmLr.-l'" t r-n . ..,h tump:~h rt,1r~lhnyr. hc-!·m.' lr-n y-ng
tidC\v~ b(>r lmb .... I1S, ~i.I!:.,nit J""l"'r.u'" spb .... g"i ~(lbu ... ~h '!"JPb"~' y:-:1"g tf>lnh Ipb-U) d"!'?ulu r:~''''lbu;'1f,;"i tFcknQlogi. )(">r~f!nj.'t~··ill J:"1Ul
'··,'~y"t~ .. " h d • - .1.-", ... ."'"1 '.':"\ - . ., 3~'nJ""~:'
3
m:"tsy?r;"l~tnt. :llu}.Ii1ny., k~.:1d~,-.r. tii Acril b~rb;:>d- dpngi'\n d::pr:i1 1 '"'inny'" di Inaon~si:'. pp.~im?in non Dri".''Il u;;l(\!"; m,~syt~-
k"n mC'lsst'"I mel~~\!.311 1.pnj1'4j:-h. ,lnlC";upun \i~r2-ton (!!l.~'..l.li!18Ko.w eud::-1h '->:il~lln~:-;i clr>h :S~l"'·nJ.:"I: r,p:nun Ep.l~.nd~ tLl<:lk bis~'
Uf'rgpr"k l~bih 1'.!-s. !3f'lf nd~1 h:-:ny., mf':Jr.~)u rnf'ngu~s ... d mf>U lit'~Jgou :'-;"111, tpt::!11i tid.'lt b_si" bpr~f'r k lehih lul'".s l.:->ai.
run ':I",:!ttu y~~ne lr-ril" d
om
b .... ·ny"l;{ sf>rdr.du Del:"!1dA y-.n[;. tp"'~~Rdi Ac<:'!h': RUI;.~ny., di h.,lik pArj l')till:t ynrlg l~n0gC"n,!>·'rtt"n
1tn t?rd"I);:ot J-;eku.'t .... .n-i'C("hu.'t",n yrmg dtr.ulil~ 01f>1';, rk:y .. t ACf'>h <l l .... m IDftmLr.-l'" t r-n . ..,h tump:~h rt,1r~lhnyr. hc-!·m.' lr-n y-ng
tidC\v~ b(>r lmb .... I1S, ~i.I!:.,nit J""l"'r.u'" spb .... g"i ~(lbu ... ~h '!"JPb"~' y:-:1"g tf>lnh Ipb-U) d"!'?ulu r:~''''lbu;'1f,;"i tFcknQlogi. )(">r~f!nj.'t~··ill J:"1Ul
'··,'~y"t~ .. " h d • - .1.-", ... ."'"1 '.':"\ - . ., 3~'nJ""~:'
d"'n..:;~n spout.,n t .... .n-'1h
rencong.
Ap~bil;.' dili'h~t p~ngz.un 'M ~Pnj."1t..., dn.lrrn mi'sy~ ... ~l:;"It
Acpt. p:'!d:-> ITIf1S::l S-:lOS:'In:"' pt=or::nt: dib",ndir.g~G'm d~nb:m 1 .. <"":1':::',"':"'11 Spk2r.,nf y:mg d:-.!l1ni, tf>ntu -1~:'1n '"li iu.·Trp"'i ??rhpd .... ~n-pprbf>
dn:mnYf1. i3il:1 d .... ·l:"lr.:l m.-'sn ppr,""ng or~ng Ac~h n('ng({'.lIl, ... tc~n
1ni "'d:'lL"'lh dJ o.-n.'l,):i.'ng r:"'ncons $p.b,g:1'l Gl-..nj .tr" tr:"ldtsionFll y;1n[! zud':h cu!<.np tf:rkpn:"ll d"l.'"lrn mr'!eY·lr·~k...,.,t ACf'h bnhk.-'111 di
clf!h m;,,"3Yr"',r .. ,~:,"t sflb:1g ... ·i pc:l':clpn,gk'1pFn untul~ K?IJp.rlu"in Sf> ~
h,"ri-h:",ri. !'p:cJb,t.r,s'111 ini dim...,tsudk;-.n h'r~:m," b:->ny::-lt di :"n-
::n inl "d:--l.nh dttiJil{ d. r-t b(>bpr;~!)" GU0Ut l{i"'Jir:n tArut:1m;1 b:?r~pn:"'1n of'n,!':1n ... 'lrti. "1'1"". ',", t d.-.n ~.. r; ..
,·m"ol'<
J, .... .:> y lng 1;pr k :U) ~dung ;:ii d . .!. ,ny:. ~'?nt.i ::;njn untu1: i. tu ffi:1s:--1"h p"n:\'!rinci-
d"'n..:;~n spout.,n t .... .n-'1h
rencong.
Ap~bil;.' dili'h~t p~ngz.un 'M ~Pnj."1t..., dn.lrrn mi'sy~ ... ~l:;"It
Acpt. p:'!d:-> ITIf1S::l S-:lOS:'In:"' pt=or::nt: dib",ndir.g~G'm d~nb:m 1 .. <"":1':::',"':"'11 Spk2r.,nf y:mg d:-.!l1ni, tf>ntu -1~:'1n '"li iu.·Trp"'i ??rhpd .... ~n-pprbf>
dn:mnYf1. i3il:1 d .... ·l:"lr.:l m.-'sn ppr,""ng or~ng Ac~h n('ng({'.lIl, ... tc~n
1ni "'d:'lL"'lh dJ o.-n.'l,):i.'ng r:"'ncons $p.b,g:1'l Gl-..nj .tr" tr:"ldtsionFll y;1n[! zud':h cu!<.np tf:rkpn:"ll d"l.'"lrn mr'!eY·lr·~k...,.,t ACf'h bnhk.-'111 di
clf!h m;,,"3Yr"',r .. ,~:,"t sflb:1g ... ·i pc:l':clpn,gk'1pFn untul~ K?IJp.rlu"in Sf> ~
h,"ri-h:",ri. !'p:cJb,t.r,s'111 ini dim...,tsudk;-.n h'r~:m," b:->ny::-lt di :"n-
::n inl "d:--l.nh dttiJil{ d. r-t b(>bpr;~!)" GU0Ut l{i"'Jir:n tArut:1m;1 b:?r~pn:"'1n of'n,!':1n ... 'lrti. "1'1"". ',", t d.-.n ~.. r; ..
,·m"ol'<
J, .... .:> y lng 1;pr k :U) ~dung ;:ii d . .!. ,ny:. ~'?nt.i ::;njn untu1: i. tu ffi:1s:--1"h p"n:\'!rinci-
5
S~sur-:i d0ng""n I1tnr b.:'>l:"lk::ng m;"'l 3fl 1 ,h d:-"n p?mb~t~snn y~Tlg t I-oh dik\?r.lu1,{:"Ik.?n di
.,t ....
s. m:->k.:"'I 6pe r:-: tl1r.lU!1 rn.:"$ll!'lhcpnjnt ... b~gi. .• l.~sy"'r."lc-,t Ac~~b. Ad, .... ~~'h tf'rj ·,di prrgos,pr- ,'"In '1il""li d:~l;.'iP. pf'n.;:r:;.vn_"" .... n s":nj"t:'l tr·rs;"!but~·
5
S~sur-:i d0ng""n I1tnr b.:'>l:"lk::ng m;"'l 3fl 1 ,h d:-"n p?mb~t~snn y~Tlg t I-oh dik\?r.lu1,{:"Ik.?n di
.,t ....
s. m:->k.:"'I 6pe r:-: tl1r.lU!1 rn.:"$ll!'lhcpnjnt ... b~gi. .• l.~sy"'r."lc-,t Ac~~b. Ad, .... ~~'h tf'rj ·,di prrgos,pr- ,'"In '1il""li d:~l;.'iP. pf'n.;:r:;.vn_"" .... n s":nj"t:'l tr·rs;"!but~·
G
r~('l"':lu.i p?nplil;i'-'n i.ni c1.ih .. !r~'pk:-m d"'p:"lt ml?mb?rik"m
su1i1b .... "lg~n p:=!nikir:",n ~t:"'u l,l,"ng"t:,ru:-o.n tpo't·"ng f,?rkpmb."Ing- nn sn."1tn 1{p.bud..1Y'~ 'no ~~husuGny-· "~nfcn:1i pm;:i 1drp'n trrh .... -
ti m(-!w:)
Ac~h.m.'lsy:·r"'kilt -..c0h ~~"ln d;'p ....
t
dillne:<~pk,n ldl'1:'Jrn;'lh budry<"Ipluhur b,.:;gE;:', ::;,""hlW{g:- r·'::pn tf::!'bin."'l nil:~i-nilni bud,'yn
judk. '1 ~{,~tnhrm~n n:15ion",1 di bld:'''lg 00s1,,1 budnY:1.
lu! Pf'O'" 1:L ti;')Jl i.ni, d.ih(lr,··pk:~n ppn~li
ti
bc>ri ku"tnyn .. k:--nd.'1vnt m.'lngknji m"n.,l:-h Bcnj .... t:~ d~ri b~:L'b~~s~i sudut 'P"'n - dE> k'ltr·nny . .,.
m:=th.-
m-m
t~;n t;.'l''lg r.;:--3 l.f'lh yrmg di tellti .
G
r~('l"':lu.i p?nplil;i'-'n i.ni c1.ih .. !r~'pk:-m d"'p:"lt ml?mb?rik"m
su1i1b .... "lg~n p:=!nikir:",n ~t:"'u l,l,"ng"t:,ru:-o.n tpo't·"ng f,?rkpmb."Ing- nn sn."1tn 1{p.bud..1Y'~ 'no ~~husuGny-· "~nfcn:1i pm;:i 1drp'n trrh .... -
ti m(-!w:)
Ac~h.m.'lsy:·r"'kilt -..c0h ~~"ln d;'p ....
t
dillne:<~pk,n ldl'1:'Jrn;'lh budry<"Ipluhur b,.:;gE;:', ::;,""hlW{g:- r·'::pn tf::!'bin."'l nil:~i-nilni bud,'yn
judk. '1 ~{,~tnhrm~n n:15ion",1 di bld:'''lg 00s1,,1 budnY:1.
lu! Pf'O'" 1:L ti;')Jl i.ni, d.ih(lr,··pk:~n ppn~li
ti
bc>ri ku"tnyn .. k:--nd.'1vnt m.'lngknji m"n.,l:-h Bcnj .... t:~ d~ri b~:L'b~~s~i sudut 'P"'n - dE> k'ltr·nny . .,.
m:=th.-
m-m
t~;n t;.'l''lg r.;:--3 l.f'lh yrmg di tellti .
7
h.?Uludi,m d~lt, dipl;.:rc.l~h :,1,1,1u..i. obsPr'.-:-sj. k(~ Ii'p" - ngnn, yf'1itu l~n lot(-.:=:'i 'P(-l('<'I.liti'm y"'nl! trl;-ol; :litf=t'"'rk'n
d:'l:-om d~~r"'h It-'c'!:;-+::--r, 8ul:;:-
r ....
}.r..nur J .... r. ~::-~ .... ~;;.t1n i~e{f'n 3;:d~ LCf'n ?3:-'~;.J:. lO. "ili"':1ll l<r'1.ut" ;~f'C~!;·tin tnl did~a""rici.l"lh s,tu 1'1,;.;:; • .,t produk.3i d.,ri s:,mJ'"'t:"-Sl"nj"t:'", y:mg ;")di"' di Ac;-h g(=!:s .... r. 1\';;'(;;!7t,~t:m i!li d1 s .. ;nping r::{'!:lprodul<si spn--
j;"'t.,··srmj ... _ tn, jug:"! ~Il('>!'\lr:"!\:nn :i;~pr_,h p(~rtr:ni 'n y<'mg i.,~ng··
gnn:-':k:m Sl·nj:"t~ Ilt·,u :"l1:"'t~f11:'lt W1tuk k?)~rlu~n t rs.-,but. Ad"',pun 'hf>c~'m.:lt.m J:l?:k:"ln ]3'-~drt 6<'l1::.i.n I:'li"'rup<"ll'\::!n wil:1yil p,"rt"ni :nf jue:"l t?roroP:lt knWis'-~n pP'rn:l.rnr; ~t ... u p.nt ... i.
y; ng lu"'s. Di dr·,~r['l1 tni tflrutili!.'" di kn;_·t'~:H'n Ws'" ~;'Eny..;"'-'
~\m.~. '!l-,nY:1K: 1 :mdllduk y.~g b:~m:-ot;' p·:m~(1h. .... ri."ln o"b;~g:1i n('li1y~n. Sc.;b:~g:)i n~l?y:m mrrt'!k;t "!"'".-:.r,g~u.n·.·-:.,n a.;:,nj-t:- ,t .... U
<lInt ·~I .
.,t
p:m."'l1.gl{'''IJ.-'n ik'm di 1 ·ut.D::ri obfli":t'vrsi K:=! lok:"!si p(>rtpli tif'll, ;!"I;·k~ d1.p(>rol ... h
dr:tn y::'ng ltr-lDurli-<1D diol"'h. dijt"l;"'lsk/:m ... ---:11 dit"·Lsi.=i< .... n s?8u.i df"ngon Cr>r'"' kp.rJ- •.. t~u r.a~t~d.{~ 1l('r.~1 1.
ti
"!n y .... u~ i l- M..i."in .
S,l'"'in it,u d~·t·\ ·Ji:>:rcol:·h ju.3" .... 1:11"·1..,1111 \·/[M·me;nr:">
d~n!:',.m b."b .. r:-'.f'~ ?r::l1e tokoh. m~'3y;"" .. "'·k.-t t('ru-c fM' tO~-:Oil
pd .... t, y:-o"'c H:C"Ylg;,t,hui t."":.!"lt,"'oe :;I""lu~( b~luk .. 1"'s~"l""ll B( .. !1j .... t~.
·:jFl"'i~nc"",,:,,- jug:1 diL '.uk~n dpng:--n :;.engr:-tjin y"'Ing m,·IilbUEtt
·.I:~lu.ll"l: :--t~ll !:~od('l nn"'liEis y:--n.'J di~;'~~i dilil.cu!t-n
d
"ng:m ,iu.-
pf'nnf".l .... ,tDn. y~i tu pf>nd?"l;')trm bf'ro:'ls;-.rkn.l1 Qcto--- dA ·'rkr~olObi d.·n !"u.::-todp. s~j0I'r!h. l"ftJ1d~ki1t~n 1.ni d1.lr:.knJ{fY'kl1r~.nr: :"Id ~Y' sUi7bpr··sUIJb,"r y-ng di • .n .... lieis s:?t"'~ni su...-L-rr' 7
h.?Uludi,m d~lt, dipl;.:rc.l~h :,1,1,1u..i. obsPr'.-:-sj. k(~ Ii'p" - ngnn, yf'1itu l~n lot(-.:=:'i 'P(-l('<'I.liti'm y"'nl! trl;-ol; :litf=t'"'rk'n
d:'l:-om d~~r"'h It-'c'!:;-+::--r, 8ul:;:-
r ....
}.r..nur J .... r. ~::-~ .... ~;;.t1n i~e{f'n 3;:d~ LCf'n ?3:-'~;.J:. lO. "ili"':1ll l<r'1.ut" ;~f'C~!;·tin tnl did~a""rici.l"lh s,tu 1'1,;.;:; • .,t produk.3i d.,ri s:,mJ'"'t:"-Sl"nj"t:'", y:mg ;")di"' di Ac;-h g(=!:s .... r. 1\';;'(;;!7t,~t:m i!li d1 s .. ;nping r::{'!:lprodul<si spn--
j;"'t.,··srmj ... _ tn, jug:"! ~Il('>!'\lr:"!\:nn :i;~pr_,h p(~rtr:ni 'n y<'mg i.,~ng··
gnn:-':k:m Sl·nj:"t~ Ilt·,u :"l1:"'t~f11:'lt W1tuk k?)~rlu~n t rs.-,but. Ad"',pun 'hf>c~'m.:lt.m J:l?:k:"ln ]3'-~drt 6<'l1::.i.n I:'li"'rup<"ll'\::!n wil:1yil p,"rt"ni :nf jue:"l t?roroP:lt knWis'-~n pP'rn:l.rnr; ~t ... u p.nt ... i.
y; ng lu"'s. Di dr·,~r['l1 tni tflrutili!.'" di kn;_·t'~:H'n Ws'" ~;'Eny..;"'-'
~\m.~. '!l-,nY:1K: 1 :mdllduk y.~g b:~m:-ot;' p·:m~(1h. .... ri."ln o"b;~g:1i n('li1y~n. Sc.;b:~g:)i n~l?y:m mrrt'!k;t "!"'".-:.r,g~u.n·.·-:.,n a.;:,nj-t:- ,t .... U
<lInt ·~I .
.,t
p:m."'l1.gl{'''IJ.-'n ik'm di 1 ·ut.D::ri obfli":t'vrsi K:=! lok:"!si p(>rtpli tif'll, ;!"I;·k~ d1.p(>rol ... h
dr:tn y::'ng ltr-lDurli-<1D diol"'h. dijt"l;"'lsk/:m ... ---:11 dit"·Lsi.=i< .... n s?8u.i df"ngon Cr>r'"' kp.rJ- •.. t~u r.a~t~d.{~ 1l('r.~1 1.
ti
"!n y .... u~ i l- M..i."in .
S,l'"'in it,u d~·t·\ ·Ji:>:rcol:·h ju.3" .... 1:11"·1..,1111 \·/[M·me;nr:">
d~n!:',.m b."b .. r:-'.f'~ ?r::l1e tokoh. m~'3y;"" .. "'·k.-t t('ru-c fM' tO~-:Oil
pd .... t, y:-o"'c H:C"Ylg;,t,hui t."":.!"lt,"'oe :;I""lu~( b~luk .. 1"'s~"l""ll B( .. !1j .... t~.
·:jFl"'i~nc"",,:,,- jug:1 diL '.uk~n dpng:--n :;.engr:-tjin y"'Ing m,·IilbUEtt
·.I:~lu.ll"l: :--t~ll !:~od('l nn"'liEis y:--n.'J di~;'~~i dilil.cu!t-n
d
"ng:m ,iu.-
pf'nnf".l .... ,tDn. y~i tu pf>nd?"l;')trm bf'ro:'ls;-.rkn.l1 Qcto--- dA ·'rkr~olObi d.·n !"u.::-todp. s~j0I'r!h. l"ftJ1d~ki1t~n 1.ni d1.lr:.knJ{fY'kl1r~.nr: :"Id ~Y' sUi7bpr··sUIJb,"r y-ng di • .n .... lieis s:?t"'~ni su...-L-rr'
drt!'" "rk:;ologj d~'J jngil d:-t·, scj ... r .. h y:"J1g "'P.dU;1·~du,'ny"
mr-.rup-l~~i1 d~t.:1 d .... ci !~r:i",ologi s~jnl'nh (}~i3to:r'lcrll I1rch:;e ology). 1 ,l:-:J.ni p~~lldpkf>:t,·n ~rk,'olo[;i 6'lb;-g'~i (v·lnh s::tu
"'Ilt.:>r.1'1t: i d~:l:"n knji..:'n st"i.-rry, Indoni'sin, '~l{:tn d:"p:'1t di lih.,t kosf'lllruh:"1.n f .. rJo!':1('n " t b:'li.k d:'lt'" sPj:tr·:1l rn"111pu.n d~~
t." rrl~.'ologi i tu Kt-" d:",J. '1:1 srtu j .... ri.ngM y"ng sist,~mik
(M!'bc.ry, 1992:2}) .
I:(~l:"llli p'>nct~k'it~n s~J:.ir;"\h d1h!~r:'pk:m :1ltrln dippro - If-h d.,tr- d.,n t:,ktn y""n;; diguunk:m O:'llilD ons"l:1n ynng di tE'!li ~i . '2.?!.'i'lndpp d."\tn d:1n '~nl<tr-t~f;,kt{1 trrscbut dil.,~mk!1!l
!<ri
ti
k d i'Ul snL:'l{si ~f>rt·~ d i pPl"t1r.;b:",J'lg (.;n k~i,urni "m d-m konbs,-:lu"'.nny<! s;:>sn~'i d~"ng..,n hukUJ!1~.hu'L:.1X'l J:;t"toot-" s?J'1l:':'lh(Got tschrl!:l1 (',75: 967
~ Surjor·1ih.:-:rd jOt1
~r,9:1 13) •
drt!'" "rk:;ologj d~'J jngil d:-t·, scj ... r .. h y:"J1g "'P.dU;1·~du,'ny"
mr-.rup-l~~i1 d~t.:1 d .... ci !~r:i",ologi s~jnl'nh (}~i3to:r'lcrll I1rch:;e ology). 1 ,l:-:J.ni p~~lldpkf>:t,·n ~rk,'olo[;i 6'lb;-g'~i (v·lnh s::tu
"'Ilt.:>r.1'1t: i d~:l:"n knji..:'n st"i.-rry, Indoni'sin, '~l{:tn d:"p:'1t di lih.,t kosf'lllruh:"1.n f .. rJo!':1('n " t b:'li.k d:'lt'" sPj:tr·:1l rn"111pu.n d~~
t." rrl~.'ologi i tu Kt-" d:",J. '1:1 srtu j .... ri.ngM y"ng sist,~mik
(M!'bc.ry, 1992:2}) .
I:(~l:"llli p'>nct~k'it~n s~J:.ir;"\h d1h!~r:'pk:m :1ltrln dippro - If-h d.,tr- d.,n t:,ktn y""n;; diguunk:m O:'llilD ons"l:1n ynng di tE'!li ~i . '2.?!.'i'lndpp d."\tn d:1n '~nl<tr-t~f;,kt{1 trrscbut dil.,~mk!1!l
!<ri
ti
k d i'Ul snL:'l{si ~f>rt·~ d i pPl"t1r.;b:",J'lg (.;n k~i,urni "m d-m konbs,-:lu"'.nny<! s;:>sn~'i d~"ng..,n hukUJ!1~.hu'L:.1X'l J:;t"toot-" s?J'1l:':'lh(Got tschrl!:l1 (',75: 967
~ Surjor·1ih.:-:rd jOt1
~r,9:1 13) •
Olah h.-·rf'nr. dj'l~f,1 hidu!' d.1.tl l{f'hidup,"", r:1:")nusi~ b:myrk
t'"Jl tnng :m
yr:ngdih :;"ld:)p i,
nl:1I{" 8:'!b:-gfli f.i . .,khluk y--:ngb Frbu.-
ct<'Y'''' rr.:1llusi:-; !:I('!'m('!rluk:m d0n .'I.?nci pt[.'knn b\~rb:i£:'1i pp.r
l(>ngk'"':p'~n UlltUK m,"r.l\~nu1rl l(~~butuh·n hidupnyr:.
I1f!'nurut tA01'i bi)h\'l~ SURtu kpbud:ty .... rn terbt"ntuk l:"'1r?- no nnnusln b«j"rh~dl"l:;:;"In d?ng::m p~rso:lli'\n y."ng n:->ngh.'"l.:t"U!ik,m
p~nAcro4~n
d.ill
peny~lr~~1nnoyn, tAxut~m~ ua~~s?b~untuk
fi1?I!:-rPl"'t"·hfml~.,n ltflhidupnnnyn (surv1\"'"1i'!) t d:"'l)tr-n unsUr ut:~CC\
i'd,:-l nh pft!"lAnuh .. n KAbutuh::m pokolmy~
D:"l?lrn kni t nnny,"""I d~ng{\D pf>D1y:=ttnrn d1 nt:ls, Ali S.y.,h b:m., (1982: 1 0) r.hmgRt"k.· .. m 'hph\1i'l pndn n:-.nusin kApnrl u.."'U1 - k"fJ"rlu:m .,,\!nw y:--ng b~r31t"t d:\s?lr jnn b~rnsR.l Q.1"1:ri do. -
rong~n hidup d.m insting di kUf\sai olCl'h su~ tu k.~s~l11nlhim kr;!p(-lrltl.·~'l-!{(lIpC'!rlu;-.n b:--ru y.,ng~ bC'!r nsnl d<'lri bl1di tl.''\!lusin d.i1D m~njnd.i dns ... r d~ri. lu~selut"Uh.-\Il hidupnyn.
D··'P""t pul" dil~F:t:-'~:\\Jl b.· .... " ... lC{lbud."\Yi"\nn bis"! dl;'1 .. nmtl sRbAgni su:-tu sietf'Tri ~,/:Lng dnln..TIl PGrl~~rlbMe~nnY0 cf'ndp.:rung dlpong.""ruhl olnh .l:"t\<:tor-inktQr llngkUng:-onnyi'1. !1c"TIurut 3b,,"!,; (1 9(~) h~l s,-perti 1'11 "'kloh t onll-suf: dCllor.t pl.'ineip E'!l-:olof;i, dir.lm';(l s:~u).~}\r,,,!! .~o}~_~gy T.'<lrupnl<:m SU(""Itu
-prosl'S !),.:.rJ;;:,~nb"flg:'rl dnl::m ... d!lpt,-.si SU:'"Itu buc\.V;'l tf!rhndl"p ling!:-.J11g:'nny:'l.
4Pl:ludi?n b .. t:'l:s linglmngnn ::!""t::n m("J'ibH:"!t 1!l:'"'JlUSi.11 hid.up b~r~H·lompolt-%t='lot."ok dan :lk~m L1f'ni r.1bulltnn pprbpd:1ro1 w:'l.tnk
;'""It-u !:-r;"'kt~r y-mg t,(~net'1<ihflt.k:"'".n p?ro.?d:1f'n k:::-butuh.,n drm
•
9
Olah h.-·rf'nr. dj'l~f,1 hidu!' d.1.tl l{f'hidup,"", r:1:")nusi~ b:myrk
t'"Jl tnng :m
yr:ngdih :;"ld:)p i,
nl:1I{" 8:'!b:-gfli f.i . .,khluk y--:ngb Frbu.-
ct<'Y'''' rr.:1llusi:-; !:I('!'m('!rluk:m d0n .'I.?nci pt[.'knn b\~rb:i£:'1i pp.r
l(>ngk'"':p'~n UlltUK m,"r.l\~nu1rl l(~~butuh·n hidupnyr:.
I1f!'nurut tA01'i bi)h\'l~ SURtu kpbud:ty .... rn terbt"ntuk l:"'1r?- no nnnusln b«j"rh~dl"l:;:;"In d?ng::m p~rso:lli'\n y."ng n:->ngh.'"l.:t"U!ik,m
p~nAcro4~n
d.ill
peny~lr~~1nnoyn, tAxut~m~ ua~~s?b~untuk
fi1?I!:-rPl"'t"·hfml~.,n ltflhidupnnnyn (surv1\"'"1i'!) t d:"'l)tr-n unsUr ut:~CC\
i'd,:-l nh pft!"lAnuh .. n KAbutuh::m pokolmy~
D:"l?lrn kni t nnny,"""I d~ng{\D pf>D1y:=ttnrn d1 nt:ls, Ali S.y.,h b:m., (1982: 1 0) r.hmgRt"k.· .. m 'hph\1i'l pndn n:-.nusin kApnrl u.."'U1 - k"fJ"rlu:m .,,\!nw y:--ng b~r31t"t d:\s?lr jnn b~rnsR.l Q.1"1:ri do. -
rong~n hidup d.m insting di kUf\sai olCl'h su~ tu k.~s~l11nlhim kr;!p(-lrltl.·~'l-!{(lIpC'!rlu;-.n b:--ru y.,ng~ bC'!r nsnl d<'lri bl1di tl.''\!lusin d.i1D m~njnd.i dns ... r d~ri. lu~selut"Uh.-\Il hidupnyn.
D··'P""t pul" dil~F:t:-'~:\\Jl b.· .... " ... lC{lbud."\Yi"\nn bis"! dl;'1 .. nmtl sRbAgni su:-tu sietf'Tri ~,/:Lng dnln..TIl PGrl~~rlbMe~nnY0 cf'ndp.:rung dlpong.""ruhl olnh .l:"t\<:tor-inktQr llngkUng:-onnyi'1. !1c"TIurut 3b,,"!,; (1 9(~) h~l s,-perti 1'11 "'kloh t onll-suf: dCllor.t pl.'ineip E'!l-:olof;i, dir.lm';(l s:~u).~}\r,,,!! .~o}~_~gy T.'<lrupnl<:m SU(""Itu
-prosl'S !),.:.rJ;;:,~nb"flg:'rl dnl::m ... d!lpt,-.si SU:'"Itu buc\.V;'l tf!rhndl"p ling!:-.J11g:'nny:'l.
4Pl:ludi?n b .. t:'l:s linglmngnn ::!""t::n m("J'ibH:"!t 1!l:'"'JlUSi.11 hid.up b~r~H·lompolt-%t='lot."ok dan :lk~m L1f'ni r.1bulltnn pprbpd:1ro1 w:'l.tnk
;'""It-u !:-r;"'kt~r y-mg t,(~net'1<ihflt.k:"'".n p?ro.?d:1f'n k:::-butuh.,n drm
•
9
10
pnnt~i •
[;1 tul;: I>:f':rIFH~uh.i kf!butuh,1n rJ01J1uei 1, f,,",,rlu dtUOf1h~k~n
d2Dg;ln b:--rh.·g.1i p?r1er-t"lhurn urm t;.:okni l( Y .... U[. dilm;"'ls:-l :n~_
~!\~si:1 untu~ nr.:njr"w",b .:t·>u f':P.ng:"t.1fll t "nt~gC'n d.,ri lirg-
lmng-n!1Y.:". Sr,l',h 3"1tu c~r;, d~n us.,h:t untuk L.1f'11gh"'d~pi t:mt"'."g~n dil .... l"uk "'n olf'h r:.:-Tlusir'l df'ngfln c."r::. IIh·'r.Jbu:1t bpI.'- bngri senjr·tn y;mg bC'rgun:'l untuk J'I'lnpy\.l:ri"'ng (ol..ff'ncC'),
r.;p.nbol.~ diri (d"L-mct"j, br'I"pF'l\"ng ol'~n bp.rbunl. Dinnt:1rf'
nf'njnt::>-s~n.i
... t., yro..ng
dirJf'lrgun::ltp.n ynitu.~tonb " k, k<?rls
J rf'nc003, bugul' P!'"'!.li.h, "DgU"'rJ ppdr.ng, trisul:" , tf'rlbl1:-:ng d"n eab?r;1iny,-.Sf?h:'1g::i b?}1d:l :--t'1U 'Il~t y:mg Jil{;>t,~£orikM k('!j dnl:1r.:
jC"nis s~nJ,.,t" tid:~kl:'!h f1p.lnlu R:"''i1., pnd::> ti"'lJ-ti:-~p d,,\f'mh,
t,'rutcfil"
d~ri91'g1 b?ntul( (fom). gun, (uao). lUDCfsi
(-?unction) d:m
:--rti
simbolik (El:f!F.ning) .ili Austmll.;.'l Tldsrlny.t"I pc:nrl'.lduk ~mku b"ngB" ,"Elt Abo-
rigin r.u:.:ngp.;nn~k:m cpnjC'ltn sr'pr>['ti p:"'tJi1h d"m toch'-,\( yrmg b"~;if'n Ujung!1;'f~ IUT'ci.nB" b"'r~"b,"'ng lU'ltU 1( r.tf':,'O(o>rt:"lh.:m\.c"n
t~nc:h l!"luhul.TlY~ d~r1 I.::nGUl"or'rn Ingg(-"ris ~PilL'r, 19;;~ ; 20) , !)('>r.tl,;i.:m jug:" d.'"l.rr;'ll1-d.'l...~D·h lTin di b-·l;\h.:m bunu.
I;'i'nUS1~ r;:"!1sGtmr';~"n 3-f'nj:'lt"'l b~rh"e'ii ,1 .. ·ni s mct1urut 1.r:~'P?n
tlngf'n dr:n :,.:ungsiny:!.
S\"'parti di '(, .... " .. s .. m Indonflsin l:yi.nny", di D~lornh 1B-
tim(-PA Ac(>h j('ni~'~J;:'1is sr.nj:--t:-: yr.nG digunrl;:m JUf~u bl?r
b~d? r,l~nurut d:)('>r:lh ['I(\stng-m-sing. i li8f'lnY~1 j~n lS tHm j,t,..
doi. )~("'rnh Ac~h Br.rllt b~rb0d" dC"Dgnn di l)"l('r~h .i>idip dm Ac:"!n B,-'sr:r .. n"'j':li ki ~n jugr: d(l:"'t':1h··d "'~r1h l :"inny" t rnol"lGkipun
10
pnnt~i •
[;1 tul;: I>:f':rIFH~uh.i kf!butuh,1n rJ01J1uei 1, f,,",,rlu dtUOf1h~k~n
d2Dg;ln b:--rh.·g.1i p?r1er-t"lhurn urm t;.:okni l( Y .... U[. dilm;"'ls:-l :n~_
~!\~si:1 untu~ nr.:njr"w",b .:t·>u f':P.ng:"t.1fll t "nt~gC'n d.,ri lirg-
lmng-n!1Y.:". Sr,l',h 3"1tu c~r;, d~n us.,h:t untuk L.1f'11gh"'d~pi t:mt"'."g~n dil .... l"uk "'n olf'h r:.:-Tlusir'l df'ngfln c."r::. IIh·'r.Jbu:1t bpI.'- bngri senjr·tn y;mg bC'rgun:'l untuk J'I'lnpy\.l:ri"'ng (ol..ff'ncC'),
r.;p.nbol.~ diri (d"L-mct"j, br'I"pF'l\"ng ol'~n bp.rbunl. Dinnt:1rf'
nf'njnt::>-s~n.i
... t., yro..ng
dirJf'lrgun::ltp.n ynitu.~tonb " k, k<?rls
J rf'nc003, bugul' P!'"'!.li.h, "DgU"'rJ ppdr.ng, trisul:" , tf'rlbl1:-:ng d"n eab?r;1iny,-.Sf?h:'1g::i b?}1d:l :--t'1U 'Il~t y:mg Jil{;>t,~£orikM k('!j dnl:1r.:
jC"nis s~nJ,.,t" tid:~kl:'!h f1p.lnlu R:"''i1., pnd::> ti"'lJ-ti:-~p d,,\f'mh,
t,'rutcfil"
d~ri91'g1 b?ntul( (fom). gun, (uao). lUDCfsi
(-?unction) d:m
:--rti
simbolik (El:f!F.ning) .ili Austmll.;.'l Tldsrlny.t"I pc:nrl'.lduk ~mku b"ngB" ,"Elt Abo-
rigin r.u:.:ngp.;nn~k:m cpnjC'ltn sr'pr>['ti p:"'tJi1h d"m toch'-,\( yrmg b"~;if'n Ujung!1;'f~ IUT'ci.nB" b"'r~"b,"'ng lU'ltU 1( r.tf':,'O(o>rt:"lh.:m\.c"n
t~nc:h l!"luhul.TlY~ d~r1 I.::nGUl"or'rn Ingg(-"ris ~PilL'r, 19;;~ ; 20) , !)('>r.tl,;i.:m jug:" d.'"l.rr;'ll1-d.'l...~D·h lTin di b-·l;\h.:m bunu.
I;'i'nUS1~ r;:"!1sGtmr';~"n 3-f'nj:'lt"'l b~rh"e'ii ,1 .. ·ni s mct1urut 1.r:~'P?n
tlngf'n dr:n :,.:ungsiny:!.
S\"'parti di '(, .... " .. s .. m Indonflsin l:yi.nny", di D~lornh 1B-
tim(-PA Ac(>h j('ni~'~J;:'1is sr.nj:--t:-: yr.nG digunrl;:m JUf~u bl?r
b~d? r,l~nurut d:)('>r:lh ['I(\stng-m-sing. i li8f'lnY~1 j~n lS tHm j,t,..
doi. )~("'rnh Ac~h Br.rllt b~rb0d" dC"Dgnn di l)"l('r~h .i>idip dm Ac:"!n B,-'sr:r .. n"'j':li ki ~n jugr: d(l:"'t':1h··d "'~r1h l :"inny" t rnol"lGkipun
l<:-.dmg-k:"'d<mg diJUDJ)rli pf'r8~rW"·~n-p:'r91m:""nn!lY"". r.;.r:>l ini t.;'>l'j;",di r,"1r,::>n~ si tU."'lsi
d,n
kO!ldisi r;o::'3tng-:r-"'sing d:"ar.-hy~ng b~rb~d~-bedn.
DCr.lild:m jug, !i}i""ngf'D:1i "'IS~J. \.1sul su~tu ornj.,t~ di Dqf>r:-h Ac?h., ~d, spnj'lt ... s·?p,·rti r~'n,:,onC' sud"''' dijunr-;'i
F3~J"k bp rdiriny'1 kf>X" .... jr.'1..l1 Islnr:' p( .. rt~\mq prd:"'l ,"'b"'d k~-13
(SY":T!lsuddin d:"n :"ur ;'bh:"'s,1S/Q;1) .
11
l<:-.dmg-k:"'d<mg diJUDJ)rli pf'r8~rW"·~n-p:'r91m:""nn!lY"". r.;.r:>l ini t.;'>l'j;",di r,"1r,::>n~ si tU."'lsi
d,n
kO!ldisi r;o::'3tng-:r-"'sing d:"ar.-hy~ng b~rb~d~-bedn.
DCr.lild:m jug, !i}i""ngf'D:1i "'IS~J. \.1sul su~tu ornj.,t~ di Dqf>r:-h Ac?h., ~d, spnj'lt ... s·?p,·rti r~'n,:,onC' sud"''' dijunr-;'i
F3~J"k bp rdiriny'1 kf>X" .... jr.'1..l1 Islnr:' p( .. rt~\mq prd:"'l ,"'b"'d k~-13
(SY":T!lsuddin d:"n :"ur ;'bh:"'s,1S/Q;1) .
11
I:":rll=-' k.c,.:.h t(";rd":p:"tt br'nYi'k j.-:-,nis p?r6('!nj~t .... n. Sf'Cnr, unn
pATIh'nj ...
t."w
Y:':D8 ... d' d:1P0t dikPlornpol<k<'n kf" d:"'l"'lm du.'"l jl"'nis y"d tu pf'rsl;nj:,t::,:tJ) tr:ldir.ionnl d~n r.·oopm. i'prsen- j"t1"fl tr'"'dision"l y .. ng d1rl:1!tsudk:m di sini nd~llnh pf'r ~.3fl!'lj ... t ... r-n y .... J"\{; dil:.ilild. ol?h o;1sy.,r:-tlt'1t Y:'"3 1t:(mgnnd11Og
nil:'"li-nil:d tr~dision"'":l d,'D ll.!"'l.snr nistoris di d<11nmny:" • h .. ~d .,l:1m v.elor:pc1( ini d i :mtfl:r~yn dr-p;.t dist"butk..-m sfJppr- t i
I\mcong, ped"'ng,
.9.'.1~i_f'.nS. d· ... [l 1"in-1"1iny;mg
tf.l:1h b::>rumur l~ .. bi h d:,ri liL"'~:" puluh t ... hun d .... n PC'nl lh diel:U]::l.K."Ul d..,lnrr. pPllflr .... ng~n n",l.";·/t:u 3f·!l;'lnd~. S.?nj·~t'" mod~ rn '1d'l ... h j ,m~s sFnj~t" y .... ng dibu,-:t s:",I-:~r:-nC' d~ Br-ring dippr&"Unn l't"'n olr'1 n:'sT .. r ... l( ....t
d:,,;l:-,n Kr,>hidu! ... n ~\lhnri-h.flri . L..P. d:'"' - li'lm j~nis sf'nj:\t ... ioi t "rn.'1suk bflntuk-bc:ntuk n,''''j:,t ... y-ng tr:ldision:11, n.,n:un dibu.,,.t p:-:dn r:"'Gi""! ~h;;l't::rnng d(,'ng<='ln Ct"r.:' C(1l"'1 y~ng 1",1:.111 l:!or.lF·rn .. :::J1.f1llt .... r .... sAnj,'ltn-s0nj.,t, y:t.ng diwnltsud "'dt"!l,"'lh .1',.:'l.!:.~ns,
c::n.'tJ!,}.":2J21i,
e.r.>_l..:~)'i.J!.:,g d'''m
lrlin'·l~in_ny"'..
h"'i'\ll;li:"l'1 f"pf"lbilt'! dilih::rt j;nis pl~ra~nj ... tn:m b(1rd~ _ s ... r1::'1n bl?s'~r d'm k(;cilnY"J I 'lk:ot u,~Pf't di.kplor.:pokl~rm d~ ~ l~A du~ j~niG y~itu ~~K d~ ~j_~~ (pi8~U), l~lu 1d~
l"gi st-ojnt-"J y:">lJg bprukur:m p"'njf'lng s('pprti tOr.lb,'lk d.cm bfllilU1g. Dcrll':in'1 JU;1:l 1d.'" j~Dis B<'mj.1tn l~~.p"'r "t:1U bll- uur y .... ne: dteunt1lt~n •
. :k ri kat i.ni ~,:! '~.l:"h S{"I'l j .,t?-S"'oj -·t·'"! y~"ne :td~ d?n Ga-
ring digun~!;:ln d"'11"1:1 k(>hidup ... n st~hl"'ri-h"lri f'll,1synrnl<nt Ac,;',h
•
12
I:":rll=-' k.c,.:.h t(";rd":p:"tt br'nYi'k j.-:-,nis p?r6('!nj~t .... n. Sf'Cnr, unn
pATIh'nj ...
t."w
Y:':D8 ... d' d:1P0t dikPlornpol<k<'n kf" d:"'l"'lm du.'"l jl"'nis y"d tu pf'rsl;nj:,t::,:tJ) tr:ldir.ionnl d~n r.·oopm. i'prsen- j"t1"fl tr'"'dision"l y .. ng d1rl:1!tsudk:m di sini nd~llnh pf'r ~.3fl!'lj ... t ... r-n y .... J"\{; dil:.ilild. ol?h o;1sy.,r:-tlt'1t Y:'"3 1t:(mgnnd11Og
nil:'"li-nil:d tr~dision"'":l d,'D ll.!"'l.snr nistoris di d<11nmny:" • h .. ~d .,l:1m v.elor:pc1( ini d i :mtfl:r~yn dr-p;.t dist"butk..-m sfJppr- t i
I\mcong, ped"'ng,
.9.'.1~i_f'.nS. d· ... [l 1"in-1"1iny;mg
tf.l:1h b::>rumur l~ .. bi h d:,ri liL"'~:" puluh t ... hun d .... n PC'nl lh diel:U]::l.K."Ul d..,lnrr. pPllflr .... ng~n n",l.";·/t:u 3f·!l;'lnd~. S.?nj·~t'" mod~ rn '1d'l ... h j ,m~s sFnj~t" y .... ng dibu,-:t s:",I-:~r:-nC' d~ Br-ring dippr&"Unn l't"'n olr'1 n:'sT .. r ... l( ....t
d:,,;l:-,n Kr,>hidu! ... n ~\lhnri-h.flri . L..P. d:'"' - li'lm j~nis sf'nj:\t ... ioi t "rn.'1suk bflntuk-bc:ntuk n,''''j:,t ... y-ng tr:ldision:11, n.,n:un dibu.,,.t p:-:dn r:"'Gi""! ~h;;l't::rnng d(,'ng<='ln Ct"r.:' C(1l"'1 y~ng 1",1:.111 l:!or.lF·rn .. :::J1.f1llt .... r .... sAnj,'ltn-s0nj.,t, y:t.ng diwnltsud "'dt"!l,"'lh .1',.:'l.!:.~ns,
c::n.'tJ!,}.":2J21i,
e.r.>_l..:~)'i.J!.:,g d'''m
lrlin'·l~in_ny"'..
h"'i'\ll;li:"l'1 f"pf"lbilt'! dilih::rt j;nis pl~ra~nj ... tn:m b(1rd~ _ s ... r1::'1n bl?s'~r d'm k(;cilnY"J I 'lk:ot u,~Pf't di.kplor.:pokl~rm d~ ~ l~A du~ j~niG y~itu ~~K d~ ~j_~~ (pi8~U), l~lu 1d~
l"gi st-ojnt-"J y:">lJg bprukur:m p"'njf'lng s('pprti tOr.lb,'lk d.cm bfllilU1g. Dcrll':in'1 JU;1:l 1d.'" j~Dis B<'mj.1tn l~~.p"'r "t:1U bll- uur y .... ne: dteunt1lt~n •
. :k ri kat i.ni ~,:! '~.l:"h S{"I'l j .,t?-S"'oj -·t·'"! y~"ne :td~ d?n Ga-
ring digun~!;:ln d"'11"1:1 k(>hidup ... n st~hl"'ri-h"lri f'll,1synrnl<nt Ac,;',h
•
12
13
b"'n;~k')!: hr. b"w;-h d:~r. [ll,t"k r.'I('l,·nl!~~\.tnB }t{, d"'J.:'lfi'!., pi'll jnng'!'1Y:- ki r:,-td 1'" 50 C!ii, kppnl:- :-t"'n enG:"'!'leny:" te.rou-
eil bis .... di l .... r-ik d(>n3'~r. r,'lld .... \\.
2 •
.c!, ...
lSf..~.p..S • .I"; S~~('nls p~r~.I'1& Y"njnnG ying lAbih. popul c-r3 .
9'.(.:.~.1..\tI.:"rs.; 3.~nj~t... ini b :-rukur'n
kir\.1··1~ir.,;1,5 Om
1JnD-j"l1~ny('. Gng:lD.gt~Y,l ''':.1<1 Y<qnr. dibu.,·t dnrl 1.u~.:;.'~"i. (tr'lO'.
du!~) h,;'frb;m. :-'(~t yl~ng dlbu.:'It d..~ri k"'yu. il:"'~tnn uj1.mg
13
b"'n;~k')!: hr. b"w;-h d:~r. [ll,t"k r.'I('l,·nl!~~\.tnB }t{, d"'J.:'lfi'!., pi'll jnng'!'1Y:- ki r:,-td 1'" 50 C!ii, kppnl:- :-t"'n enG:"'!'leny:" te.rou-
eil bis .... di l .... r-ik d(>n3'~r. r,'lld .... \\.
2 •
.c!, ...
lSf..~.p..S • .I"; S~~('nls p~r~.I'1& Y"njnnG ying lAbih. popul c-r3 .
9'.(.:.~.1..\tI.:"rs.; 3.~nj~t... ini b :-rukur'n
kir\.1··1~ir.,;1,5 Om
1JnD-j"l1~ny('. Gng:lD.gt~Y,l ''':.1<1 Y<qnr. dibu.,·t dnrl 1.u~.:;.'~"i. (tr'lO'.
du!~) h,;'frb;m. :-'(~t yl~ng dlbu.:'It d..~ri k"'yu. il:"'~tnn uj1.mg
1
\' "or ; y .... ;.. Di S~':-l1!. t i ':l~L:-·n Cl.. k -. n·n" j i. k.... lli 1 ih i't hcntuv..
ny., r i..ri:,:. c\!1~':n d-:or 1}"'::" ~.kui'·"r.ny.t"' ttd:-k bngitv p'r:j"'lng, :d:- kir-·-h_iT"~ 3C
::t'.
3,~g_l 11 y ... ne r"irip 8,.p~rti
.":or y'lr.. :-:J"'l-.h l1jl.!n3nY:l j':1ng f:-ncu:,t d m r.;(~L"'ng-I.:.;::d.?,?~j l.; .. >rlt~1~ d >ri l~t.l'-ng ini '1d.'11':h n;:;:l;:>ntik d.C'l'lg:m 1 ,~ngKnnJ.'"In 1: :-t.'1B > ulmr~"'ny.' ~g' ~{ l):'fl j "'ng ~'"i r >-lti r.'"!
,i n S sf-nj..,t.., i_ni sud..,h j"r. ... rl~ dit,:"IUi. 8~nj .. t ' in1 I. bill r1i.!\~-'w"l 1i !J"kr-,h J..;·bu!1 ... t~., ), i(~i(·.
"';'. I ~uwd.(lL~;.e:
pp
.t.~·'.:u.b!j_/S-,.n __ .;i.2.~(; D10('1JUt p:~Ud"l':' "ne on t(>u -bc~/on jot.: ( p('d .. trl~: dnUtl t~.t>u/d--:un nil""') !':;:"'Il\:'nn r,;~t, ...
'1:1'" i)'fl;t; ·t ti!)is- 8 r ·rt.i. d .... tm t(~bu/()o-;un n~.r ... d:m Cl" _
'1gi"t t-'j:,,( .. 3. TlJ·'>t .... 1]11 t ':'Iil.t·':'""I dulu c.ibun:·"~n d"l:,,!""
p;>p':">r:->!1&~n 1".,1n·; .... n l!t L'Y1d:"'l. ;h'''::;8~ ini di..;.un~I'(:m c;"h,:,-
~""i "'L-t p ... ~"t ... t.,"n~Jl ca ru.m;"lh~ l,"nt.ulu"y" ~l(·l:si.b"l dr.n
1
\' "or ; y .... ;.. Di S~':-l1!. t i ':l~L:-·n Cl.. k -. n·n" j i. k.... lli 1 ih i't hcntuv..
ny., r i..ri:,:. c\!1~':n d-:or 1}"'::" ~.kui'·"r.ny.t"' ttd:-k bngitv p'r:j"'lng, :d:- kir-·-h_iT"~ 3C
::t'.
3,~g_l 11 y ... ne r"irip 8,.p~rti
.":or y'lr.. :-:J"'l-.h l1jl.!n3nY:l j':1ng f:-ncu:,t d m r.;(~L"'ng-I.:.;::d.?,?~j l.; .. >rlt~1~ d >ri l~t.l'-ng ini '1d.'11':h n;:;:l;:>ntik d.C'l'lg:m 1 ,~ngKnnJ.'"In 1: :-t.'1B > ulmr~"'ny.' ~g' ~{ l):'fl j "'ng ~'"i r >-lti r.'"!
,i n S sf-nj..,t.., i_ni sud..,h j"r. ... rl~ dit,:"IUi. 8~nj .. t ' in1 I. bill r1i.!\~-'w"l 1i !J"kr-,h J..;·bu!1 ... t~., ), i(~i(·.
"';'. I ~uwd.(lL~;.e:
pp
.t.~·'.:u.b!j_/S-,.n __ .;i.2.~(; D10('1JUt p:~Ud"l':' "ne on t(>u -bc~/on jot.: ( p('d .. trl~: dnUtl t~.t>u/d--:un nil""') !':;:"'Il\:'nn r,;~t, ...
'1:1'" i)'fl;t; ·t ti!)is- 8 r ·rt.i. d .... tm t(~bu/()o-;un n~.r ... d:m Cl" _
'1gi"t t-'j:,,( .. 3. TlJ·'>t .... 1]11 t ':'Iil.t·':'""I dulu c.ibun:·"~n d"l:,,!""
p;>p':">r:->!1&~n 1".,1n·; .... n l!t L'Y1d:"'l. ;h'''::;8~ ini di..;.un~I'(:m c;"h,:,-
~""i "'L-t p ... ~"t ... t.,"n~Jl ca ru.m;"lh~ l,"nt.ulu"y" ~l(·l:si.b"l dr.n
1 5
s .
~~'1.!-I.doi2~; i3."rt~lk c.,-,ri f,l.nj t ... ini. h";-:pir ::'.'"l::::;- :i~nt'!"n li~'.'"'11gt ""~'J'!Y'" e~J;' b ,~i"'l1 ·,t.:SI'1Y':' Iv-r:·ll • tip!::;. p ·d'"U·-'i.l.'iY"'l 3:"',~ "''1sny-' di1Ju'1t d-ri t~r.d1...k l{""cbru. S"nj"t~
ne-l"lsir iI:=-'.:-ndn.
10 . §.:!-'-:tlJ.O.'~; B:'ntu1{ 3'r:j~lt:" inl. p'd" brei n 11jnnir,j. !':':>-
llY 't".lp .... i. '1:."1'-'1, .,y~m • j "'l1i5 M,n~ ... t~· in! digun .... kClr.
01 'h oT','"'nt5 ACt" d-Il::m k, hiduprn r;;'i';"ri-h .... ri s b .... ~.l"i ''''l~t Ulltnl< r·n b-'ng d;m -·!::o!;or,g t ... ·ll i.}ov.
11. ;:'l!.r'-:.p_~.n!L
.
.J)U}1.::9:t Dl~,t1llt. tur:p'n3 j"u';gld 1f;"rCnl br . •gi :"ln \..::'1' l"lry'" (t:. ,~;.r,s) Y"'-" .... dthu"lt J."'ri t 'ni.lul:: k'r··
Ir'H b,-')',-c"1b"'1c';. J",lj hif.l:'" dil ~·~t·~l~;'n C) ,c·,!.v b'I"'"J.iri, 01 l-} ',"'r.-n- i t:u dis bu~ tUl.'p"ng JpuI"'gl'.:.:l ( :11 .... t untu\{
r.1f'nop .... nc: '_:lu.""lbul~ p:)Ji ) d.i Ac .h. Di t""np" ri1r.i b."si , p""d:-- h"'[~i:"T) t':'n~ 'hnyr b~:"i):"'ntult J'u:,s, d ,n uJungny"
!'1J'ciTlg. 3.::>nj:"'t:l in). l;l,:-r:-.ilild 'lrti p;nt ing :-l;"l-m nw-
l~''''-r, :'3c:11fld- t,:rut~r,l:i ·-.,-,r .... -rr"!n:.:;.1 Ti">lJt"r:-> r::'rS09~ .
A.;· ... run ~,ni"d !,;pn"'
t·
y".ng t· rgolong h. d,";]r'f.! j. nis!Ji 1.<iT"' tni lhl'""lt c.ii:::,"bl:tt 3 ... b~'3 .. i i.> rH:ut:
1. l~.'~n~""c·!:g ~l~n","~;:;:
i'P
11) ~ .. ;) .• nr:o:'1!! :-:0.111- !:il'·tn ]lnls :-,,"Yl.h "I
stir _
1 5
s .
~~'1.!-I.doi2~; i3."rt~lk c.,-,ri f,l.nj t ... ini. h";-:pir ::'.'"l::::;- :i~nt'!"n li~'.'"'11gt ""~'J'!Y'" e~J;' b ,~i"'l1 ·,t.:SI'1Y':' Iv-r:·ll • tip!::;. p ·d'"U·-'i.l.'iY"'l 3:"',~ "''1sny-' di1Ju'1t d-ri t~r.d1...k l{""cbru. S"nj"t~
ne-l"lsir iI:=-'.:-ndn.
10 . §.:!-'-:tlJ.O.'~; B:'ntu1{ 3'r:j~lt:" inl. p'd" brei n 11jnnir,j. !':':>-
llY 't".lp .... i. '1:."1'-'1, .,y~m • j "'l1i5 M,n~ ... t~· in! digun .... kClr.
01 'h oT','"'nt5 ACt" d-Il::m k, hiduprn r;;'i';"ri-h .... ri s b .... ~.l"i ''''l~t Ulltnl< r·n b-'ng d;m -·!::o!;or,g t ... ·ll i.}ov.
11. ;:'l!.r'-:.p_~.n!L
.
.J)U}1.::9:t Dl~,t1llt. tur:p'n3 j"u';gld 1f;"rCnl br . •gi :"ln \..::'1' l"lry'" (t:. ,~;.r,s) Y"'-" .... dthu"lt J."'ri t 'ni.lul:: k'r··
Ir'H b,-')',-c"1b"'1c';. J",lj hif.l:'" dil ~·~t·~l~;'n C) ,c·,!.v b'I"'"J.iri, 01 l-} ',"'r.-n- i t:u dis bu~ tUl.'p"ng JpuI"'gl'.:.:l ( :11 .... t untu\{
r.1f'nop .... nc: '_:lu.""lbul~ p:)Ji ) d.i Ac .h. Di t""np" ri1r.i b."si , p""d:-- h"'[~i:"T) t':'n~ 'hnyr b~:"i):"'ntult J'u:,s, d ,n uJungny"
!'1J'ciTlg. 3.::>nj:"'t:l in). l;l,:-r:-.ilild 'lrti p;nt ing :-l;"l-m nw-
l~''''-r, :'3c:11fld- t,:rut~r,l:i ·-.,-,r .... -rr"!n:.:;.1 Ti">lJt"r:-> r::'rS09~ .
A.;· ... run ~,ni"d !,;pn"'
t·
y".ng t· rgolong h. d,";]r'f.! j. nis!Ji 1.<iT"' tni lhl'""lt c.ii:::,"bl:tt 3 ... b~'3 .. i i.> rH:ut:
1. l~.'~n~""c·!:g ~l~n","~;:;:
i'P
11) ~ .. ;) .• nr:o:'1!! :-:0.111- !:il'·tn ]lnls :-,,"Yl.h "I
stir _
Ap~bil" d i.l ih:--.t d ... ri b ~ntulmy'~ rl"'::c.ong r,"rup:t
l: L:.s-'l d, nc:m noti f stj l .... ~i pucuk r l)ung.
ti1!"1~ j; r"lng pui;- .pf'lr"k ;--t."u .. J,."S di,~~{"i untnk k,.prr-
Iu""'n itu. R(ncong ,.,I,\"'S .. t~~u 1l(,J:",1{ c1ipf-l~..,..l 0).(·11 ~olo _
rlg::n or('ng-or~ng Y··lDg r.,1f'"IPU p,.,d:" p.·r"Y"1,m upn~i1r~.-uF:·1
c:u"<' tr.:rt(!n tu (LFigh.1
-3;.8; ,.3) •
Ap~bil" d i.l ih:--.t d ... ri b ~ntulmy'~ rl"'::c.ong r,"rup:t
l: L:.s-'l d, nc:m noti f stj l .... ~i pucuk r l)ung.
ti1!"1~ j; r"lng pui;- .pf'lr"k ;--t."u .. J,."S di,~~{"i untnk k,.prr-
Iu""'n itu. R(ncong ,.,I,\"'S .. t~~u 1l(,J:",1{ c1ipf-l~..,..l 0).(·11 ~olo _
rlg::n or('ng-or~ng Y··lDg r.,1f'"IPU p,.,d:" p.·r"Y"1,m upn~i1r~.-uF:·1
c:u"<' tr.:rt(!n tu (LFigh.1
-3;.8; ,.3) •
3.
Si'rll.!1G p.:>r:tbungku5 t,'nl lJ~lt hl ... Stm Y:-lf!C umi t t:;t'p. rti L- tu. p. r!,,;·t'1. g"ding d'n ('t!T~S~ Dib~>ndin6!c,:r. d"ng:-:T,
rus .
Si';i..n Jinrt (si';in CPUl 'Ulto); Si1:i.J1 i.1~i l--~·,i:- digun~
,. -,-~
. . . __
. ' - ' - 'k .... n ol\-h tut:r-ng p~ ·'gk.1S ~,t:"'u tllk~ne ct.:. l4'_ur c Or:9ng tu:"
'1Y:"l si ·ki.n in\ I 1- '"Ik- o~,!n!! Ac.-h 1_. ll,} b'ltny'" rwb gni ~i
'<in (:.'-"11;" '.\\1,,(; ;.1,;- u
'p.?~u!ly(.ol:lko. ~
:I:"'J13 "'l r.'tiroy'" pi!>, .... u untuk01\'11 ;<"ri~n"""l sll:i.n lip.1t i.n1 cukup t- j .... m d ... n jug"
dihubu.'18k~!l d~li.g ;, sl\{ln r~ot y"ng c1llmp runcing ujll1lS
CJ!':"Ing A,::"'h, !;·..,k., t.,"rsi'butl.~h
:=:.
bn-h By-ir '1t:1U p"'ntun Ac,'t'! .i-·l1g b ~rl·.ublt~b_m d,:n~; .n o,-·nj,.,tt;
rs;~but. Bunyi drri sy-,ir '(;. rs .. but y,'itu~Si L:i.n lip . .,t; '1,r.on krut j, .... n6Jot Sikln r:-ot l"::,on c .. ll, .... k ill ul{
l r.'ung bi.rt(·h p'si h. .... n ... 1 j;'k, u
l-'ot
(Ih
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i t:iUpot k-'lrh.oh gC'uthF-und.-uk3.
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