Internasional Seminar.

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UDAYANA

UNIVERSITY

in

Cooperation

with

GLOBAT ASSOCIATION

OF

INDO.ASEAN STUDIES

and

HANKUK UNIVERSITY

OF

FOREIGN STUDIES, KOREA

Denpasa4 g-9

Febru

ary

Z0l2

:ii

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1985,odopt those ideas

in

their Balinese

life

together

with

otlrer

,.,

groups residing

in

Bali? And finally,

how do these ideas of ,fony and lruman security last and continue in the modern Barinese

.aily

life,

Through

this

analysis,

it

is

expected

to

have

a

better

understanding

on

the

issues

of

social, cultural,

economic, and

political changes in the present day Bali.

Keywords: Indionizotion,

Hinduixotion,

Balinization,

Tri Hita

Karono,, Pecolang, hormony and Ituman security.

I.

Introduction

Recently,

in

Indonesia,

there has

been some discussion

on

how

security slrould

be

maintained

in

relation

to

global

developments,

which on the one hand are considered to have positive effects on local

development

and

on the

other,

to

cause negative impact

to

this

developmerrt in the region. The issue

of

human security is within the

context

of

local

security

in Bali,

particularly

in

that

of

traditional

security.

It

is

generallv thought

that

human security here actually belongs

in

the frame

of

regional autonomy and social change within the Balinese society after tlre enforcement of the Regional Autonomy

Law. Suyadnya,

for

instanie, claims that the emergence of traditional security

in Bali

emphasises the analysis

of

local values, followed by

of

those

in

other

parts

of

Indonesia.

He

adds

that

this

trend

is

pafticular to developments after the Bali bombings in2002 (Suyadnya j

2011: 74).

However, there

are other

influencing factors,

like

thel

general situation at that time due to the many unsatisfactory security

issues in Bali, making the Balinese fervently hope for the involvement

of

traditional military groups who know the local situation very well.

The discourse resulted from past developments mainly rooted

in

the

context

of

Indonesian history which faced some problims regarding

both the

external influences and internal developments.

As

can

bi

clearly seen in tlre pre colonial, colonial, independence, and lastly, in

what is known as the Reformation, periods. In the pre coronial peiiod, the security problem was controlled by the indigenous people and the;

traditional rulers,This was possible since there was

the

concept of the i

Deva

Raja

(God

King) from

400

AD

to

1900

AD,

when

it

was

believed tliat the power of the

King

meant the power

of

God (Kulke, 1991:

4

and Christie, 1986: 67).

In

the colonial period, particulalry

-INDIAN INFLUENCES

ON

THE BALINESE CULTURE

IN

THE CONTEXT

OF HARMOI.TY

AND

HUMAN

SECURI Y'

I

Ketut Ardhana

Udayana UniversitY

n h ei ens drl io i@v o ltoo, c o m

Abstract

Bali

is one of the Hindu Mosaics

in

southeast Asia, in which Indian or Hindu has strongly influenced the

daily life

of the Balinese in terms

of

social cultural, eeonomic, and

political

aspects, starting from the early

of

the Century up

to

the present day. The

Hindu

or Indian lesson that has been taught in Hindu religion has been practised

in the Balinese

daily

life

from the ancient

to

the modern

Bali.

The Hindu or Indian culiure has been adopted and has been transfonned

into the local Balinese culture

or

Balinization,

in

which

in

turrr this

becomes a signifrcant in the contexts

of

the present Balinese culture. This becomei a model

if

someone wants

to

look

closely at how the Balinese's experience

of

living in

a harmony side by side

with

other

ethnic groups as well as that of practising human security. These ideas

play a-majbr

role

on

how the

Balinese arrticipate

and

solve some

.ruliut

issues in the context

of

multicultural society in the process

of

globalization in Bali. There are some pertinent questions-that need to

6e

addressed

on what

kinds

of

Indian

or

Hindu

influences that

strengthen the concept and meaning

of

harmony and human security

in

nati. Firstly: why

do the Balinese accept those

Hindu

ideas and succeed

to

bi

a

part

of

Balinese culture? Secondly:

how do

the

Paper presented

at

the

ioint

Seminar

held

by

Faculty

of

Letters,

university

of

udayana

in

cooperation

with

Global

Association of

Indonesian and ASEAN Studies, "Cultural Exchange between India and

Southeast Asian

World:,

in Denpasar-Bali, February 6,2012'

i.

tu".

-16--PTEfACE

:::,:

OF

CONT:NT:

Table of

Contents...

....,...,,.,....ii

l,

The Beginning of Contaots between

Bali

and India (Prof. Dr. I Wayan Ardika, M.A, Unud)

2,

Indian Influences on The Balinese Culture in the Context

of

Harmony and Human Security

(Prof. Dr. I Ketut Ardhana,

M.A./Unud)

...1

3.

Cultural Relation between India and Java: An Arheological

Perspective

(Prof. Dr. TimbulHaryono,

UGM)

...31

4.

Influence of Hinduism to Balinese Relegion and Culture

(Prof, Dr. I Made Titib/Dr. Dra. lda Ayu Tary Puspa, M.Si.,IHDN

Bali)...

...s

5.

Besakih Temple in Balias Seen from the Conjunction of Indian Hinduism

and Indonesian Ancestor Worship (Dr. I Wayan Redig/ Unud)...6

6.

Influence of Hindu Tradiqion on ThaiArchitecture: focused on

temple structure

(Dr.Choon Ho, Leel Hankuk University of Foreign Studies,

KORBA)....

...;...

7.

In Search of Cultural Harmony: a dialogue between Korean and

Indonesian cultures

(Prof. Dr.Byung Kuk, SOH/ Hankuk University Of Foreign

Studies,KOREA)...

...,..9

8.

Religion in Korean Constitution (Prof.Dr.Hae Cheol, BYUN/

Hahkuk University

Of

Foreign

Studies,KOREA),...;...,

_{...,.... l0}

9.

The State Management of Religion In Indonesia (Dr.Myeng Kyo,

Thisseminarissuccessfullyconductedduetotlrebigroleof

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Prof'

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lvtade Bakta' Sp'PD-KHOM

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Prof' Dr' I.Wayan Cika' M'S' (the Dean

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or L"tt.rr'udayan-a_ _{^u_niversity} and the rPflr_)i_ speakers,

committees, the sponsors'

pf

SpOtEC

and PT ROYAL SUMATERA

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those

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seminar happen.

we

really

appreoiate

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thant r

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ior

their

special

anintion,

cooperation, hard

working and financial

suPPort

,

Finally, we

expect

this seminar has meaning

"""r"'r",i""

between

the University of Udayana'

ilri'r"rtiry

remain continuously in the future'

to all of

us

and the

GAIAS and Hankuk

Denpasar, February 8tl', 2012

Organizing Committee,

Prof. Dr. I WaYan Pastika, M.S. Chairman

Dr. Ni LuhNyoman Seri Malini, M'Hum

Secretary

.T