DAFTAR PUSTAKA
Allard, M. and G.Moreau. 1987. Effect of Experimental Acidification on Lotic Macroinvertebrate Community.
Artham, T., Sudhakar, M., Venkatesan, R., Madhavan Nair, C., Murty, K.V.G.K., Doble, M., 2009. Biofouling and stability of synthetic polymers in sea water. International Biodeterioration & Biodegradation.
Arthur, C., Baker, J., Bamford, H., (Eds.) 2009. Proceedings of the International Research Workshop on the Occurrence, Effects and Fate of Microplastic Marine Debris, 9 – 11 September 2008. NOAA Technical Memorandum NOS-OR&R-30.
Auman, H.J., Ludwig, J.P., Giesy, J.P., Colborn, T., 1997. Plastic ingestion by Laysan Albatross chicks on Sand Island, Midway Atoll, in 1994 and 1995. In Robinson, G., Gales, R. (Eds.) Albatross Biology and Conservation. Surrey Beatty & Sons, Chipping Norton, Australia.
Barnes, K. S. K dan K. H. Mann. 1987. Fundamental Of Aquatic Ecology. Blackwell Scientific Publications Oxford.
Barus, T. A. 2004. Pengantar Limnologi Studi Tentang Ekosistem Sungai dan Danau. Program Studi Biologi. Medan: Fakultas MIPA USU.
Boerger, C.M., G.L. Lattin, S.L. Moore, C.J. Moore. 2010. Plastic ingestion by planktivorous fishes in the North Pacific Central Gyre. Marine Pollution Bulletin.
Brotowidjoyo, M.D. 1990. Zoologi dasar. Jakarta : Erlangga Barnes, R. D. 1987. Invertebrate Zoology. Fith edition. Sounders College Publishing.
Browne, M.A., Crump, P., Niven, S.J., Teuten, E., Tonkin, A., Galloway, T.S., Thompson, R.C., 2011. Accumulation of microplastic on shorelines worldwide: sources and sinks. Environ. Sci. Technol. 45, 9175e9179.
Browne, M.A., Dissanayake, A., Galloway, T.S., Lowe, D.M., Thompson, R.C., 2008. Ingested microscopic plastic translocates to the circulatory system of the mussel, Mytilus edulis (L.). Environ. Sci. Technol. 42, 5026e5031.
Browne, M.A., Galloway, T.S., Thompson, R.C., 2010. Spatial patterns of plastic debris along estuarine shorelines. Environ. Sci. Technol. 44, 3404e3409.
Citrasari, N., N.I. Oktavitri, A. Nuril, Aniwindira. 2012. Analisis laju timbunan dan komposisi sampah di permukiman pesisir Kenjeran Surabaya. Journal of Biological Research, 18:83–85.
Claessens M, De Meester S, Van Landuyt L, De Clerck K, Janssen CR. 2011. Occurrence and distribution of microplastics in marine sediments along the Belgian coast. Marine Pollution Bulletin. 62:2199-2204.doi:10.1016/ j.marpolbul.2011.06.030.
Cole, M., Lindeque, P., Halsband, C., Galloway, T.S., 2011. Microplastics as contaminants in the marine environment: a review. Mar. Pollut. Bull. 62, 2588e2597.
Convention on Biological Diversity; Scientific and Technical Advisory Panel. 2012. Impacts of Marine Debris on Biodiversity: Current 21 Status and Potential Solutions. CBD Technical Series No. 67. Montreal (CA): Secretariat of the Convention on Biological Diversity.
Costa MF, Silva-Cavalcanti JS, Barbosa CC, Portugal JL, Barletta M. 2011. Plastics buried in the inter-tidal plain of a tropical estuarine ecosystem. Journal of Coastal Research. (64):339-343.
Cummins, K. W. 1975. Fishes dalam Whitton B. A. (ed.). River Ecology. Blackwell Scient Publ. Oxford.
Dahuri,R., J. Rais., S.P. Ginting., M.J. Sitepu. 1996. Pengelolaan Sumberdaya Pesisir dan Lautan. Penerbit Pradnya Paramita. Jakarta.
Derraik JGB. 2002. The pollution of the marine environment by plastic debris: a review. Marine Pollution Bulletin.
Djau MS. 2012. Analisis keberlajutan perikanan di kawasan konservasi laut daerah (KKLD) Olele dan perairan sekitarnya Kabupaten Bone Bolango Provinsi Gorontalo. Tesis. Bogor (ID): Institut Pertanian Bogor.
Effendi, H. 2003. Telaah Kualitas Air Bagi Pengelolaan Sumberdaya dan Lingkungan Perairan. Kanisius. Yogyakarta.
Efriyeldi. 1999. Sebaran spasial sedimen dan kualitas muara sungai Bantan Tengah, Bengkalis kaitannya dengan budidaya KJA (keramba jaring apung). Natur Indonesia II (1); 85-92.
Galgani, F., Dina, F., Franeker, J.V., Katsanevakis, S., Maes, T., Mouat, J., Oosterbaan, L., Poitou, I., Hanke, G., Thompson, R., Amato, E., Birkun A., Janssen C. 2010. Marine Strategy Framework Directive—Task Group 10 Report Marine Litter. Scientific and Technical Research Series. Office for Official Publications of the European Communities: 48, Luxembourg.
Goldberg, E.D., 1995. The health of the oceans––a 1994 update. Chemical Ecology.
Goldberg, E.D., 1997. Plasticizing the seafloor: an overview. Environmental Technology.
Gorman, M., 1993. Environmental Hazards Marine Pollution. ABC-CLIO Inc, Santa Barbara.
Gregory, M.R., 2009. Environmental implications of plastic debris in marine settingsentanglement, ingestion, smothering, hangers-on, hitch-hiking and alien invasions. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B-Biological Sciences.
Hansen, J., 1990. Draft Position Statement on Plastic Debris in Marine Environments. Fisheries.
Haslindah, 2003. Komunitas Makrozoobentos Daerah Intertidal Pantai Slag Kelurahan Dawi-Dawi Kecamatan Pomalaa. Skripsi. FKIP. Universitas Haluoleo. Kendari.
Hastuti, A. R. 2014. Distribusi Spasial Sampah Laut di Ekosistem Mangrove Pantai Indah Kapuk Jakarta. Skripsi. FPIK. Institut Pertanian Bogor.
Henderson, J. 2001. A pre-and post-MARPOL Annex V summary of Hawaiian monk seal entanglements and marine debris accumulation in the Northwestern Hawaiian Islands, 1982– 1998. Marine Pollution Bulletin.
Hidalgo-Ruz V, Gutow L, Thompson RC, Thiel M. 2012. Microplastics in the marine environment: a review of the methods used for identification and quantification. Environmental Science and Technology. 46:3060- 3075.doi:10.1021/es2031505.
Indrowati, M., Tjahjadi, P., Estu, R., Raras, I.Y., Siti, N. Dwito, P., Pandu, H. W. 2012. Identifikasi Jenis, Kerapatan dan Diversitas Plankton Bentos Sebagai Bioindikator Perairan Sungai Pepe Surakarta. Jurnal Bioedukasi. 5 (2): 81 – 91.
Kementerian Perindustrian dan Perdagangan. 2013. Konsumsi plastik 1,9 juta ton [Internet]. [diunduh 2016 Des 7]. Tersedia pada: http://www.kemenperin.go.id/artikel/6262/Semester-I,-Konsumsi-Plastik-1,9-
Juta-Ton.
pada: http://www.ptmsc.org/Science/plastic_project/Summit%20 Final%20Draft.pdf.
Koendeigh, S.C., 1980. Ecology with Special Reference to Animal & Man, Prentice Hall : New Jersey.
Koesbiono. 1979. Dasar-Dasar Ekologi Umum. Bagian IV (Ekologi Perairan). Sekolah Pasca Sarjana Program Studi Lingkungan . IPB. Bogor.
Kristanto, P. 2002. Ekologi Industri. Penerbit ANDI. Yogyakarta.
Kusumaatmadja, M. 1978. Bunga Rampai Hukum Laut.
Laist, D.W., 1987. Overview of the biological effects of lost and discarded plastic debris in the marine environment. MarinePollution Bulletin.
Laist, D.W., 1997. Impacts of marine debris: entanglement of marine life in marine debris includinga comprehensive list of species with entanglement and ingestion records. In: Coe, J.M., Rogers, D.B. (Eds.), Marine Debris––Sources, Impacts and Solutions. Springer-Verlag, New York.
Lusher, A.L., McHugh, M. and Thompson, R.C. 2013. Occurrence of microplastics in the gastrointestinal tract of pelagic and demersal fish from the English Channel. Marine Pollution Bulletin, 67: 94-99.
Mann, K.H. 1982. Ecology of Coastal Waters: A System Approach, 322p. In Anderson, D.J., P. Greic-Smith, and F.A.Pitelka (eds.) Studies in Ecology, Vol 8. University of California Press, California.
Monika, N. S. 2013. Struktur Komunitas Makrozoobentos pada Ekosistem Mangrove di Pesisir Distrik Merauke, Kabupaten Merauke. Program Studi Pengelolaan Lingkungan Hidup Program Pascasarjana Universitas Hasanuddin, Makassar.
Mrosovsky, N., Ryan, G.D., James, M.C., 2009. Leatherback turtles: the menace of plastic. Marine Pollution Bulletin.
Mulyadi, H., Mubarak., Dessy Yoswati. 2015. Sebaran Fraksi Sedimen Dasar Permukaan di Perairan Pantai Pulau Topang Provinsi Riau. Jurnal Dinamika Lingkungan Indonesia. Vol 2 (1). Hal: 26-31.
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. 2013. Programmatic Environmental Assessment (PEA) for the NOAA Marine Debris Program (MDP). Maryland (US): NOAA.
Nybakken, J. W. 1988. Biologi Laut Suatu Pendekatan Ekologis. PT. Gramedia. Jakarta.
Nybakken, J.W. 1992. Biologi Laut, Suatu Pendektan Ekologis. PT. Gramedia Pustaka, Jakarta.
O’Hara, K., Iudicello, S., Bierce, R., 1988. A Citizen’s Guide to Plastics in the Ocean: More than a Litter Problem. Center for Marine Conservation, Washington DC.
Odum EP. 1995. Dasar-Dasar Ekologi. Edisi Ketiga. Gajah Mada University Press. Yogayakarta.
Pegram, J. E., & Andrady, A. L. 1989. Outdoor weathering of selected polymeric materials under marine exposure conditions. Polymer Degradation and Stability,26, 333–345.
Pescod, M. B. 1973. Investigation of Rational Effluent and Stream Standards for Tropical Countries. AIT, Bangkok.
Peters K, Flaherty T. 2011. Marine Debris in Gulf Saint Vincent Bioregion. Adelaide (AU): Government of South Australia. p 19.
Petrus, R dan M.P. Andi. 2006. Komunitas makrozoobentos pada kawasan budidaya tambak di pesisir Malakosa Parigi-Moutong, Sulawesi Tengah. Biodiversitas. 7(4): 354–360.
Pruter, A.T., 1987. Sources, quantities and distribution of persistent plastics in the marine environment. Marine Pollution Bulletin.
Pusat Penelitian Tanah, 1983. Kriteria Penilaian Data Sifat Analisis Kimia Tanah. Bogor: Balai Penelitian dan Pengembangan Pertanian Departemen Pertanian
Puspasari, R., Marsoedi, A. Sartimbul dan Suhartati. 2012. Kelimpahan Foraminifera Bentik Pada Sedimen Permukaan Perairan Dangkal Pantai Timur Semenanjung Ujung Kulon, Kawasan Taman Nasional Ujung Kulon, Banten. Jurnal Penelitian Perikanan. 1(1): 1-9.
Putri, A. M. S., Suryanti dan Niniek W. 2016. Hubungan Tekstur Sedimen Dengan Kandungan Bahan Organik Dan Kelimpahan Makrozoobenthos Di Muara Sungai Banjir Kanal Timur Semarang. Indonesian Journal of Fisheries Science And Technology. 12 (1): 75-80.
Ruswahyuni. 2010. Populasi dan Keanekaragaman Hewan Makrobentos pada Perairan Tertutup dan Terbuka di Teluk Awur, Jepara. Jurnal Ilmiah Perikanan dan Kelautan, 2(1): 11-20.
Ryan PG, Moore CJ, Van Franeker JA, Moloney CL. 2009. Monitoring the abundance of plastic debris in the marine environment. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B. 364:1999-2012.doi:10.1098/rstb.2008. 0207.
Ryan, P.G., 1987b. The origin and fate of artefacts stranded on islands in the African sector of the Southern Ocean. Environmental Conservation.
Sastrawijaya, A. T., 1991. Pencemaran Lingkungan. Rineka Cipta, Jakarta.
Setyobudiandi, I. 1997. Makrozoobentos. Institut Pertanian Bogor. Bogor.
Sheavly, S. 2007. National Marine Debris Monitoring Program: Final Program Report, Data Analysis and Summary. Prepared for U.S. Environmental Protection Agency by Ocean Conservancy.
Silalahi, M. D. 2001. Hukum Lingkungan dalam Sistem Penegakan Hukum Lingkungan Indonesia Bandung.
Simamora, D. R. 2009. Studi Keanekaragaman Makrozoobenthos Di Aliran Sungai Padang Kota Tebing Tinggi. Skripsi. Departemen Biologi. USU.
Sinaga, T. 2009. Keanekaragama Makrozoobentos Sebagai Indicator Kualitas Perairan Danau Toba Bsligr Ksbupaten Toba Samusir. Tesis. Medan. USU.
Sinambela, M. 1994. Keragaman Makrozoobentos Sebagai Indikator Kualitas Sungai Babura. Tesis. Institut Pertanian Bogor
Smith SDA, Markic A. 2013. Estimates of marine debris accumulation on beaches are strongly affected by the temporal scale of sampling. Plos One.
Stevenson C. 2011. Plastic Debris in the California Marine Ecosystem: A Summary of Current Research, Solution Strategies and Data Gaps. Oakland (US): University of Southern California Sea Grant, California Ocean Science Trust.
Suin, N.M. 2002. Metode Ekologi. Universitas Andalas. Padang.
Supriyadi, S. 2008. Kandungan Bahan Organik Sebagai Dasar Pengelolaan Tanah di Lahan Kering Madura. Fakultas Pertanian. Universitas Trunojoyo. Bangkalan. Susiana. 2011. Diversitas dan Kerapatan Mangrove, Gastropoda dan Bivalvia di Estuari Perancak, Bali. Skripsi. Manajemen Sumberdaya Perairan. Fakultas Perikanan dan Ilmu Kelautan. Uniersitas Hassanudin. Makassar.
Tcobanoglous, G., Hillary, Theisen., and Samuel, Virgil., 1993, Integrated Solid Waste Management: Engineering Principles and Management Issues, McGraw Hill Publishing Company, New York.
Teuten EL, Saquing JM, Knappe DRU, Barlaz MA, Jonsson S, Bjorn A, Rowland SJ, Thompson RC, Galloway TS, Yamashita R et al. 2009. Transport and release of chemicals from plastics to the environment and to wildlife. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B. 364:2027- 2045.doi:10.1098/rstb.2008.0284.
Thompson, R.C., Olsen, Y., Mitchell, R.P., Davis, A., Rowland, S.J., John, A.W.G., McGonigle, D., Russell, A.E., 2004. Lost at sea: where is all the plastic? Science 304, 838.
United Nations Environment Programme. 2011. UNEP Year Book 2011: Emerging Issues in Our Global Environment. Nairobi (KE): UNEP.
Valadez-Gonzalez, A., Cervantes-Uc, J.M., Veleva, L. 1999. Mineral filler influence on the photo-oxidation of high density polyethylene: I. Accelerated UV chamber exposure test. Polymer Degradation and Stability.
Watters DL, Yoklavich MM, Love MS, Schroeder DM. 2010. Assessing marine debris in deep seafloor habitats off California. Marine Pollution Bulletin. 60:131-138.doi:10.1016/j.marpolbul.2009.08.019.
Widiastuti, E. 1983. Kualitas Air Kali Cakung ditinjau dari Kelimpahan Hewan Makrobenthos. Pasca Sarjana. IPB. Bogor.
Widodo, J. 1997. Biodiversitas sumber daya perikanan laut peranannya dalam pengelolaan terpadu wilayah pantai, dalam hal. 136 - 141 : Mallawa, A., R. Syam, N. Naamin, S. Nurhakim, E. S. Kartamihardja, A. Poernomo, dan Rachmansyah (Eds). Prosiding Simposium Perikanan Indonesia II, Ujung Pandang 2-3 Desember 1997.
