ABSTRAK
Menstruasi merupakan salah satu aspek kematangan seksual pada wanita, yang muncul pertama kali pada masa pubertas. Banyak hal yang dapat mempengaruhi pola menstruasi, diantaranya usia, riwayat keluarga, status sosial-ekonomi, pendidikan, aktivitas fisik, kepribadian, olahraga, berat badan, tinggi badan, stres, infeksi, persentase distribusi lemak maupun hormonal. Gangguan pola menstruasi dapat meningkatkan risiko penurunan fertilitas pada wanita usia subur.
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk megetahui hubungan indeks massa tubuh dengan pola menstruasi pada pelajar wanita di SMA Negeri 04 Medan. Penelitian ini bersifat analitik observasional dengan pendekatan cross sectional. Total sampel diambil secara non probability sampling dengan teknik pengambilan sampel dilakukan secara consecutive sampling sebanyak 70 siswi dan analisis uji statistik menggunakan uji Chi-Square. Pengumpulan data berlangsung pada bulan Oktober 2015. Pengumpulan data dengan pengisian kuesioner dan pengukuran berat badan dan tinggi badan.
Hasil uji Chi-Square menunjukkan terdapat hubungan antara indeks massa tubuh dengan keteraturan siklus menstruasi. Kesimpulan penelitian ini indeks massa tubuh mempengaruhi siklus menstruasi.
Dari hasil penelitian tersebut, disarankan kepada remaja wanita untuk menjaga indeks massa tubuh dalam rentang normal untuk mengurangi resiko gangguan reproduksi di kemudian hari.
Kata kunci : indeks massa tubuh, pola menstruasi, remaja wanita
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ABSTRACT
Menstruation is one of female sexual maturity aspect, which appears the first time during puberty. Many things can affect menstrual pattern, including age, family history, socio-economic status, education, physical activity, personality, sports, body-weight, body-height, stress, infection, percentage of fat distribution or hormones. Menstrual pattern disturbance may increase the risk of fertility decline in women of reproductive age.
The aim of this research is to analyze the relationship of body mass index with menstrual pattern in female students at SMAN 04 Medan.
This research is an observational analytic with cross sectional approach. Total samples taken by non probability sampling with consecutive sampling techniques and analysis using Chi-Square test. Seventy female students of SMA Negeri 04 were selected as sample of this research. The research data were collected in October 2015 through questionnairesand measurement of body weight and height.
Chi-Square test results showed an association between body mass index with the regularity of the menstrual cycle. In conclusion, body mass index affects the menstrual cycle. The number of students who have regular menstrual pattern is 48,6% while the students who have irregular menstrual pattern is 51,4%. Based on BMI, 32,8% students were normal, 28.5% were obese, 21,4% were in the underweight category and 14,3% were overweight.
Chi-square results showed there was an association between body mass index with menstrual pattern. Advice for young women to better maintain their body mass index in normal range and maintain their reproductive health to reduce the risk of reproductive disorders later in life.
Keywords: body mass index, menstrual pattern, young women
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