2.1 Residential Area Development: Characteristics and Basics

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1 PL3119

Residential Site Planning Studio

2.1 Residential Area Development:

Characteristics and Basics

SEKOLAH ARSITEKTUR, PERENCANAAN DAN PENGEMBANGAN KEBIJAKAN

INSTITUT TEKNOLOGI BANDUNG

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2 1. Residential Site Definition

2. Goals and Functions

3. Elements of Residential Site 4. Concerns and Understanding

Residential Planning

5. Components and Housing Types

SEGMENT

Students are able to:

• explain the the basics, components and

characteristics of

residential development

OBJECTIVES

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3 Settlement

People Environment

Natural Built

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4 Definitions

Human settlement

– A place where people establish a

community (Concise Oxford Dictionary -10th

edition)

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5 Definitions

Residential Area:

– Land use where residential buildings are dominant

– May include multiple house types and densities

Some problems:

• quite large tracts, no services → trip to town for basic needs -→ large distances → motor vehicle.

• The set forth development with restrictive covenants

and deeds is not easily changed as the agreement of all

property owners (many of whom may not live in the

area) must be obtained to effect a change.

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6 Definitions

• Housing (perumahan)

– 1. accommodation

– 2. provision of accommodation

• Housing development

(pengembangan perumahan)

– area of houses

• Housing estates/real estate

– planned area of housing

Microsoft® Encarta® Reference Library 2005. © 1993- 2004 Microsoft Corporation. All rights reserved .

Perumahan :

“...kumpulan rumah sebagai bagian dari permukiman, baik perkotaan maupun perdesaan, yang dilengkapi dengan prasarana, sarana, dan utilitas umum sebagai hasil upaya pemenuhan rumah yang layak huni”

^{(UU No.}

1/2011 ps. 1 angka 2)

“... Kelompok rumah yang berfungsi sebagai lingkungan tempat

tinggal atau lingkungan hunian yang dilengkapi dengan prasarana

dan sarana lingkungan”

(SNI 03-1733-2004 Tata Cara Perencanaan Lingkungan Perumahan di Perkotaan)

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7 Definitions

• House (n):

– a building for human habitation. Ø chiefly Scottish a dwelling that is one of several in a building. Ø a building in which animals live or in which things are kept.

– 2 a building in which people meet for a particular activity. Ø a firm or institution: a fashion house. Ø (the House) Brit. informal the Stock Exchange. Ø a restaurant or inn.

• House (v)

– 1 provide with shelter or accommodation.

(Concise Oxford Dictionary -10th edition)

Rumah adalah bangunan gedung yang berfungsi sebagai

tempat tinggal yang layak huni, sarana pembinaan keluarga,

cerminan harkat dan martabat penghuninya, serta aset bagi

pemiliknya

(UU No. 1/2011 ps. 1 angka 7)

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8 1. Residential Site Definition

2. Goals and Functions

3. Elements of Residential Site 4. Concerns and Understanding

Residential Planning

5. Components and Housing Types

SEGMENT

Students are able to:

• explain the the basics, components and

characteristics of

residential development

OBJECTIVES

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9 “..to meet housing need as one of human basic needs to realize a decent house in a healthy, safe, harmonious, and well- planned neighborhood.”

(UU No.1/2011)

Residential Development Goal

Perencanaan dan perancangan rumah dilakukan untuk:

a. menciptakan rumah yang layak huni;

b. mendukung upaya pemenuhan kebutuhan rumah oleh

masyarakat dan pemerintah; dan c. meningkatkan tata bangunan

dan lingkungan yang terstruktur.

(UU No. 1/2011, ps. 24)

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10 Indecent Residential Area

Nonconforming to city plan Very high density Very low building quality

Substandard and sensitive infrastructure Endanger the life and the living of its residents

UU No. 1/2012 ps. 1:

13. Permukiman kumuh adalah

permukiman yang tidak layak huni karena ketidakteraturan bangunan, tingkat kepadatan bangunan yang tinggi, dan kualitas bangunan serta sarana dan prasarana yang tidak memenuhi syarat.

14. Perumahan kumuh adalah

perumahan yang mengalami

penurunan kualitas fungsi sebagai

tempat hunian.

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11 Functions of residential area

Social:

– A place to live in

– A place for interaction with

– A place for a comfortable life

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12 Functions of residential area

Physical Environment:

– Protection from climate

– Protection from basic physical environment (topography,

geology, etc)

– Availability of building material

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13 Functions of residential area

Built Environment:

– Economic

– Business/trade

– Socio-political and religious power

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14 1. Residential Site Definition 2. Goals and Functions

3. Elements of

Residential Site

4. Concerns and Understanding Residential Planning

5. Components and Housing Types

SEGMENT

Students are able to:

• explain the the basics, components and

characteristics of

residential development

OBJECTIVES

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15 Residential Elements

1. Physical

• Capacity to

accommodate residents

• Activity to do

• Taxes paid

Photo by philippe collard on Unsplash

2. Location

• Linkage with other activities

• Quality of a place / neighborhood

Photo by Riley Edwards on Unsplash

3.Status

•Opinion / respect of society

Photo by Nicola Nuttall on Unsplash

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16 Residential Elements

4. Healthy

• light, ventilation, water supply, drainage, sewerage, solid

waste disposal

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17 Residential Elements

5. Strong Construction/Reliable

• Support its own weight, stand from

external factor (wind, rain, earthquake,

flood, etc), easy to maintain, fireproof,

waterproof

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18 Residential Elements

6. Comfortable

• Adequate space, proper size of room for activities, good

interior, decoration, color, and

yard.

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19 Main Functions of a House

The satisfaction of fundamental physiological needs

Protection against communicable

diseases

Protection against

accidents

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20 1. Residential Site Definition 2. Goals and Functions

3. Elements of Residential Site

4. Concerns and Understanding

Residential Planning

5. Components and Housing Types

SEGMENT

Students are able to:

• explain the the basics, components and

characteristics of

residential development

OBJECTIVES

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21 Concerns in Residential Development

Health, safety and

welfare

Finance

Economic impact

National goals

Hasil perencanaan dan perancangan rumah harus memenuhi persyaratan teknis, administratif, tata ruang, dan ekologis.

(UU No. 1/2011, ps. 26(1))

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22 Planners Involvement

Development of new residential

area

Housing preservation Provision of

affordable

housing

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23 Understanding Residential Area Development

Look at various

aspects separately and learn the

relationship in forming unity

Separate the

function(s) from the structure(s)

Functions (Living,

working, playing)

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24 Example of Residential Area Context

Human Environment

• Residents

• Guests/visitors

• Through traffic

Residential Area

• Socio-economic factor

• Physical factor Physical factor

interaction

Provided medium:

• Neighborhood components

• design

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25 1. Residential Site Definition 2. Goals and Functions

3. Elements of Residential Site 4. Concerns and Understanding

Residential Planning

5. Components and Housing Types

SEGMENT

Students are able to:

• explain the the basics, components and

characteristics of

residential development

• describe housing types and their characteristics

• describe the typology of residential area

OBJECTIVES

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26 Components of Residential Area

Rumah Tinggal

Prasarana &

Sarana

Sirkulasi Pembiayaan

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27 Housing Types

Harga Satuan Terendah

LUAS PERSIL (m2)

60 - 200 200 - 600 600 – 2000

=< Tipe C RS RMn RMw

Tipe C s/d A

RMn RMn RMw

>= Tipe A RMw RMw RMw

Sumber: Keputusan Bupati Kuningan No.

641/KPTS.319.DPR.PP/2019 tentang Harga Satuan Pembangunan Rumah Negara dan Pagar Tahun 2019

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28 Ketentuan Hunian Berimbang

Dapat menampung secara serasi berbagai kelompok masyarakat

Rumah Sederhana

Rumah Menengah

Rumah Mewah

3 ^: 2 ^: 1

6 ^: 3 ^: 1

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29 Housing Types

RUMAH SEDERHANA SEHAT (RSH)

1. Tidak bersusun

2. Luas lantai max. 70 m

²

3. Luas persil 54 – 200 m

²

4. Harga/m2 = harga rumah dinas tipe C

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30 Housing Types

RUMAH SANGAT SEDERHANA (RSS)

1. Tidak bersusun

2. Luas lantai 21 – 36 m

²

3. Luas persil 54/60 – 200 m

²

4. Harga/m2 MAX. ½ harga RS/ m

²

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31 Housing Types

KAVLING SIAP BANGUN

1. Lahan matang terencana 2. Luas 54/60 – 72 m

²

3. Jalan setapak, damija 2,8 m

4. Prasarana listrik, air bersih, MCK, tempat main, warung

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32 Housing Types

RUMAH SUSUN

1. Max. 5 lt 2. KDB 25%

3. KLB max. 1,25

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33 Housing Types

RUMAH MENENGAH

Tidak Bersusun

Luas persil 54 – 600 m

²

Harga/m

²

= biaya rumah dinas tipe C tertinggi s/d tipe A

Tidak Bersusun

Luas Persil 200 – 600 m

²

Harga/m

²

=< harga

tertinggi rumah dinas tipe C

1.

2.

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34 Housing Types

RUMAH MEWAH

Tidak Bersusun

Luas persil 54/60 – 2000 m

²

Harga/m2 = rumah dinas tipe A Tidak Bersusun

Luas Persil 600 – 2000 m

²

Harga/m2 =< harga tertinggi rumah dinas tipe A

1.

2.

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35 Housing Types

RUMAH TUNGGAL (DETACHED HOUSE).

1. Struktur tunggal, terpisah dari unit lain 2. Dianggap paling ideal

3. Mahal dan boros lahan

4. Luas persil di atas 600 m

²

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36 Housing Types

RUMAH GANDENG (SEMI- DETACHED HOUSE).

1. Terdiri dari dua unit hunian di bawah satu atap (dalam satu bangunan)

2. Unit hunian dipisahkan oleh dinding

3. Luas persil berkisar 54/60 – 600 m

²

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37 Housing Types

RUMAH DERET (ROW-HOUSE).

1. Beberapa unit hunian di bawah satu atap disatukan sisi dengan sisi dalam sebuah barisan / berderet,

2. Bentuk dan ukuran maksimal 6 (enam) unit.

3. Dapat pula berbentuk ruko (rumah

toko).

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38 Housing Types

TOWNHOUSE

1. Disatukan sisi dengan sisi dalam sebuah barisan.

2. Memiliki 3 lantai dengan garasi sebagai fungsi utama pada lantai dasar.

3. Area utama untuk hunian berada pada lantai pertama dan umumnya memiliki 3 ruang untuk kamar tidur.