PEPERIKSAAN IJAZAH SARJANA MUDA SAINS
EXAMINATION FOR THE DEGREE OF BACHELOR OF SCIENCE SESI AKADEMIK 2018/2019 : SEMESTER I
ACADEMIC SESSION 2018/2019 : SEMESTER I SCES3140/SID3005 : Kimia Industri II
Industrial Chemistry II
Jan 2019 MASA: 3 jam
Jan 2019 TIME: 3 hours
ARAHAN KEPADA CALON:
INSTRUCTION TO CANDIDATES:
Kertas soalan ini mengandungi Bahagian A dan B.
This paper consists of Section A and B.
Jawab soalan mengikut arahan yang diberikan dalam setiap bahagian.
Questions should be answered according to the instructions given in each section.
(Kertas soalan ini mengandungi 5 soalan dalam 8 halaman yang dicetak) (This question paper consists of 5 questions on 8 printed pages)
BAHAGIAN A (50 MARKAH) SECTION A (50 MARKS) Jawab SEMUA soalan daripada Bahagian ini.
Answer ALL questions from this Section.
1. Skima di bawah menunjukkan prosess dari minyak kelapa sawit kepada bio- diesel:
The schematic below shows the process from palm oil into bio-diesel:
(a) Isi ruangan pada A, B, C, D dan E di dalam gambarajah di atas.
Fill in the blank at A, B, C, D and E in the figure above.
(5 markah/marks) (b) Terangkan seluruh proses bio-diesel dari minyak kelapa sawit
berdasarkan skima di atas.
Describe the whole process of bio-diesel from palm oil based from the schematic above.
(8 markah/marks) (c) Kenapa pelepah kelapa sawit tidak sesuai digunakan di dalam proses
transesterifikasi?
Why palm tree frond is not suitable used in transeterification process?
(2 markah/marks) (d) Cadangkan satu kaedah untuk merawat air buangan pada skematik di
atas?
Suggest a method to treat waste water in the schematic above?
(2 markah/marks) (e) Berikan dua (2) sebab kenapa pihak industri yang terlibat dalam penghasilan bio-diesel masa kini masih menggunakan mangkin cecair asid/alkali berbanding mangkin pepejal di dalam proses transeterifikasi?
Give two (2) reasons why current practices in bio-diesel production industries are still using liquid acid/base catalysts compared to solid catalyst in transesterication process?
(2 markah/marks) 2. Data menunjukkan pecahan penukaran (x) dengan kadar tindak balas - rA
(moldm-3s-1).
The data below shows the fractional conversion (x) and rate of reaction - rA (moldm-3s-
1).
X - rA (moldm-3s-1)
0.00 0.00530
0.10 0.00520
0.20 0.00500
0.30 0.00450
0.40 0.00400
0.50 0.00330
0.60 0.00250
0.70 0.00180
0.80 0.00125
0.85 0.00100
0.90 0.00090
Dua reaktor diatur secara bersiri. Reaktor pertama adalah reaktor palam dan reaktor kedua adalah reaktor tangki kacauan berterusan (CSTR). Kadar penukaran dalam reaktor pertama ialah 60% dan penukaran mencapai 90%
selepas keluar dari reaktor kedua. Diberikan aliran suapan molar, FA0 ialah 0.80 mols-1,
Two reactors are arranged in series. The first reactor is a plug flow reactor and the second reactor is a continuous stirred tank reactor (CSTR). The rate of conversion in the first reactor is 60% and the conversion reaches 90% after leaving the second reactor. The volumetric feed FA0 is 0.80 mols-1.
(a) Hitungkan isipadu reaktor pertama dan kedua.
Calculate the volume of the first and second reactor.
(5 markah/marks)
(b) Jika susunan reaktor diterbalikkan di mana reaktor pertama ialah CSTR dan diikuti dengan reaktor palam, hitungkan isipadu kedua-dua reaktor.
If the sequence of reactor is reversed where the first reactor is CSTR and followed by plug flow reactor, calculate the volume of both reactors.
(5 markah/marks) (c) Terangkan prestasi reaktor-reaktor dalam (a) dan (b) di atas.
Explain the performance of the reactors in (a) and (b) above.
(2 markah/marks) 3. (a) Terangkan kekurangan reaktor setempat, reaktor dasar padatan dan
reaktor tangki kacauan berterusan (CSTR)?
Explain the disadvantages of batch reactor, packed bed reactor and continuous stirred tank reactor (CSTR)?
(3 markah/marks) (b) Tindak balas hidrogenasi metil dodekanoat dijalankan di dalam reaktor limpahan titisan tetap dengan menggunakan 50 cm3 ekstrudat 5 wt%
Cu-10 wt% Zn/Al2O3 mangkin pada suhu tindak balas 160 °C, tekanan hidrogen pada 100 bar dengan halaju superfisial cecair pada 1.0 cms-1.
Methyl dodecanoate hydrogenation is performed in a trickle bed reactor using 50 cm3 of extrudate 5 wt% Cu-10 wt% Zn/Al2O3 catalyst at reaction temperature of 160 °C, hydrogen pressure at 100 bar with liquid superficial velocity of 1.0 cms-1.
(i) Bina sebuah diagram proses haluan hidrogenasi metil dodekanoat bagi (i) reaktor arus berlawanan limpahan titisan tetap (ii) reaktor arus sehaluan limpahan titisan tetap dan (iii) reaktor pusingan setempat limpahan titisan tetap.
Construct a process diagram flow of methyl dodecanoate hydrogenation in (i) counter current trickle bed reactor (ii) co-current trickle bed reactor and (iii) batch recycle trickle bed reactor.
(6 markah/marks) (ii) Hitungkan (i) kadar aliran cecair metil dodekanoat dan (ii) kadar aliran gas hidrogen pada reaktor apabila garis pusat dalaman adalah 9 mm dengan nisbah aliran gas kepada cecair adalah 4:1.
Calculate (i) liquid flow rate of methyl dodecanoate and (ii) gas flow rate of hydrogen gas at the reactor when the internal diameter is 9 mm with the ratio of gas to liquid flow rate is 4:1
(6 markah/marks)
(iii) Hitungkan purata masa keberadaan apabila panjang tiub reaktor ialah 100 cm.
Calculate the mean residence time when the reactor tube is 100 cm long.
(2 markah/marks) (c) Apakah perbezaan di antara halaju sejam superfisial gas (GHSV) dan
halaju sejam superfisial cecair (LHSV)?
What is the difference between gas hourly superficial velocity (GHSV) and liquid hourly superficial velocity (LHSV)?
(2 markah/marks)
BAHAGIAN B (50 MARKAH) SECTION B (50 MARKS) Jawab SEMUA soalan daripada Bahagian ini.
Answer ALL questions from this Section.
4. (a) Graviti spesifik minyak petrol adalah kira-kira 0.70. (Diberi water at 4C = 1000kg/m3) Tentukan:
The specific gravity of gasoline is approximately 0.70. (Given water at 4C = 1000kg/m3) Determine:
(i) Jisim (kg) of 50.0 L minyak petrol.
The mass (kg) of 50.0 L gasoline.
(3 markah/marks) (ii) Kadar aliran jisim minyak petrol yang keluar dari tangki penapisan
adalah 1150 kg/min, anggarkan kadar aliran isipadu dalam L/s.
The mass flow rate of gasoline exiting a refinery tank is 1150 kg/min, estimate the volumetric flow rate in L/s.
(3 markah/marks) (b) Tuliskan persamaan umum keseimbangan bahan untuk suatu proses dan kemudian permudahkan persamaan tersebut untuk proses keadaan mantap yang tetap tanpa tindak balas kimia.
Write down a general material balance equation for a process and then simplify the equation for a continuous steady state process with no chemical reaction.
(2 markah/marks) (c) Eksperimen kadar pertumbuhan sesetengah organisma memerlukan persekitaran udara lembap yang diperkayakan dengan oksigen. Tiga aliran input dimasukkan ke dalam ruang penyejatan untuk menghasilkan aliran output dengan komposisi yang diingini:
An experiment of the growth rate of certain organisms requires an environment of humid air enriched in oxygen. Three input streams are fed into an evaporation chamber to produce an output stream with the desired composition:
A. Air cecair diberi pada kadar 20.0 cm3/min Liquid water fed at a rate of 20.0 cm3/min B. Udara (21 mol% O2, selebihnya N2)
Air (21 mol% O2, the balance N2)
C. Oksigen tulen dengan kadar aliran molar satu-perlima daripada kadar aliran molar A
Pure oxygen with a molar flow rate one-fifth of the molar flow rate of stream A
Gas output dianalisa dan didapati mengandungi 1.5 mol% air. Lukis dan labelkan carta aliran proses dan hitungkan semua pemboleh ubah aliran yang tidak diketahui.
The output gas is analysed and is found to contain 1.5 mol% water. Draw and label a flowchart of the process and calculate all unknown stream variables.
(10 markah/marks) (d) Aliran sisa asid daripada proses nitrasi mengandungi 35 wt% H2SO4, 32 wt% HNO3 dan 33 wt% H2O akan dipekatkan kepada 38 wt% H2SO4 dan 40 wt% HNO3 dengan campuran 98 wt% H2SO4 dan aliran lain sebanyak 72 wt% HNO3. Sekiranya 1000 kg produk asid akan dihasilkan:
A waste acid stream from nitration process contains 35 wt% H2SO4, 32 wt%
HNO3 and 33 wt% H2O is to be concentrated to 38 wt% H2SO4 and 40 wt%
HNO3 by mixing with a stream of 98 wt% H2SO4 and another stream of 72 wt%
HNO3. If 1000 kg of the acid product is to be produced:
(i) Lukis dan labelkan rajah aliran untuk proses itu.
Draw and label the flow diagram for the process.
(4 markah/marks) (ii) Kirakan jisim ketiga-tiga aliran asid yang dicampurkan.
Calculate the mass of three acid streams to be mixed.
(6 markah/marks) 5. (a) Sebuah bekas plastik tertutup yang dipenuhi dengan kopi panas berada di dalam bilik yang udara dan dindingnya berada pada suhu tetap. Kenal pastikan semua proses pemindahan haba yang menyumbang kepada penyejukan kopi. Cadangkan ciri-ciri yang akan menyumbang kepada reka bentuk bekas yang terbaik.
A closed plastic container filled with hot coffee is in a room whose air and walls are at a fixed temperature. Identify all heat transfer processes that contribute to cooling of the coffee. Suggest on features that would contribute to a superior container design.
(6 markah/marks) (b) Dinding relau perindustrian dibina daripada bata api berketebalan 0.15 m yang mempunyai kekonduksian terma sebanyak 1.7 W/mK.
Pengukuran yang dibuat semasa operasi keadaan mantap
luaran. Apakah kadar kehilangan haba melalui tembok yang berkeluasan sisi 0.5 m 1.2 m.
The wall of an industrial furnace is constructed from 0.15 m thick fireclay brick having a thermal conductivity of 1.7 W/m.K. Measurements made during steady state operation reveal temperatures of 1400 and 1150 K at the inner and outer surfaces, respectively. What is the rate of heat loss through a wall that is 0.5 m 1.2 m on a side.
(4 markah/marks) (c) Satu paip penukaran haba berkembar diperbuat daripada tiub dalaman kuprum (k = 380 W/mC) dengan diameter dalaman Di = 1.2 cm dan diameter luaran Do = 1.6 cm serta tiub luaran berdiameter 3.0 cm. Nilai pemalar konveksi penukaran haba diberikan sebagai hi = 700 W/m2C pada permukaan dalaman tiub manakala ho = 1400 W/m2C pada permukaan luarannya. Bagi faktor fouling pada bahagian tube Rf.i = 0.0005 m2C/W dan Rf.o = 0.0002 m2.C/W pada sisi tiub, tentukan:
A double-pipe heat exchanger is constructed of a copper (k = 380 W/mC) inner tube of internal diameter Di = 1.2 cm and external diameter Do = 1.6 cm and an outer tube of diameter 3.0 cm. The convection heat transfer coefficient is reported to be hi – 700 W/m2C on the inner surface of the tube and ho = 1400 W/m2C on its outer surface. For a fouling factor Rf.i = 0.0005 m2.C/W on the tube side and Rf.o = 0.0002 m2C/W on the shell side, determine:
(i) Rintangan haba bagi penukar haba tersebut terhadap panjangnya
The thermal resistance of the heat exchanger per unit length
(5 markah/marks) (ii) Pemalar penukaran haba keseluruhan Ui dan Uo berdasarkan
permukaan dalaman dan luaran tiub tersebut masing-masing The overall heat transfer coefficients Ui and Uo based on the inner and outer surface areas of the tube, respectively
(6 markah/marks)
TAMAT END
