ﺔﻳﺮﻈﻧ ﺔﺳﺍﺭﺩ
ﺔﻴﻠﻴﺻﺄﺗ
ﺭﺍﺮﺿﻻﻭ ﺭﺮﺿﻻ ﺓﺪﻋﺎﻗ ﰲ
ﺮﻜﻨﳌﺍ ﺭﺎﻜﻧﺇ ﻪﻘﻓﻭ
ﺔﻣﺪﻘﻣ ﺔﻟﺎﺳﺭ ﺞﻣ ﺎﻧﺮﺑ ﱃﺇ
ﺮﻜﻔﻟﺍ ﲑﺘﺴﺟﺎﻣ ﻲﻣﻼﺳﻹﺍ
ﲜ ﺎﺗﺮﻛﺍﺭﻮﺳ ﺔﻌﻣﺎ ﶈﺍ
ﺔﻳﺪﻤ
ﲑﺘﺴﺟﺎﳌﺍ ﺔﺟﺭﺩ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻝﻮﺼﺤﻠﻟ ﰲ
ﻪﻟﻮﺻﺃﻭ ﻪﻘﻔﻟﺍ
ﺩﺍﺪﻋﺇ ﺐﻟﺎﻄﻟﺍ :
ﺪﻴﻘﻟﺍ ﻢﻗﺭ :
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ﻪﻟﻮﺻﺃﻭ ﻪﻘﻔﻟﺍ ﻢﺴﻗ
ﺎﺗﺮﻛﺍﺭﻮﺳ ﺔﻌﻣﺎﺟ ﶈﺍ
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3>l-^tr,TESIS BERJUDUL
DHAWABITH INKAR AL . MUNKAR
Dirasah Nadlariyah'Ta'shiliyah Fi Qaidah La Dharara Wa La Dhirara Wa Fiqh lnkar Al-Munkar
yang dipersiapkan dan disusun oleh
TAMIM AZIZ
telah dipertahankan dri depan Dewan Penguji
tni"e0 pada tang gal 27,,,,,,,o${j' ni"""AQ1 2
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SU
Has
Pembimbi
Dr. lc
Pembimbinb Pe
21 Juli 2012
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ﻭ
ﱃﺎﻌﺗ ﺍ ﻝﺎﻗ :
ﻥﺍﺮﻤﻋ ﻝﺁ ٣
: ١١٠
ﻑﻭﺮﻌﻤﹾﻟﺎﹺﺑ ﹶﻥﻭﺮﻣﹾﺄﺗ ﹺﺱﺎﻨﻠﻟ ﺖﺟﹺﺮﺧﹸﺃ ﺔﻣﹸﺃ ﺮﻴﺧ ﻢﺘﻨﹸﻛ
ﺗﻭ ﹺﺮﹶﻜﻨﻤﹾﻟﺍ ﹺﻦﻋ ﹶﻥﻮﻬﻨﺗﻭ ﹺﺏﺎﺘﻜﹾﻟﺍ ﹸﻞﻫﹶﺃ ﻦﻣﺁ ﻮﹶﻟﻭ ﻪﱠﻠﻟﺎﹺﺑ ﹶﻥﻮﻨﻣﺆ
ﺯ
ﺡ
ﺮﻳﺪﻘﺗﻭ ﺮﻜﺷ
ﻞﻴﻤﳉﺎﺑ ﻥﺎﻓﺮﻌﻟﺍ ﻦﻣ ﺎﻗﻼﻄﻧﺍ ،
ﺍﺬﻫ ﻦﻣ ﺀﺎﻬﺘﻧﻻﺍ ﺪﻌﺑ ﲏﻌﺴﻳ ﻻ ﻪﻧﺈﻓ ﺚﺤﺒﻟﺍ
ﻥﺃ ﻻﺇ
ﻪﻠﻫﻷ ﻞﻀﻔﻟﺎﺑ ﻑﺮﺘﻋﺃ .
ﺮﻜﺷ ﻦﻋ ﲑﺼﻘﺘﻟﺎﺑ ﻑﺮﺘﻌﻣ ﺪﺒﻋ ﺮﻜﺷ ﷲﺍ ﺮﻜﺷﺄﻓ ﻣ ﻩﻻﻭﺃ ﺎﻣ
ﻦ
ﻝﺎﻀﻓﻹﺍﻭ ﻡﺎﻌﻧﻹﺍ .
ﰒ ﺃ ﻡﺪﻗ ﻟﺍ ﺺﻟﺎﺧ ﺮﻳﺪﻘﺘﻟﺍﻭ ﺮﻜﺸ
ﻟ ﺮﻳﺪﻣ ﻲﺟﺎﻴﺘﺳ ﺞﻧﺎﺒﻣﺎﺑ ﺭﻮﺘﻛﺪﻟﺍ ﺫﺎﺘﺳﻷﺍ ﺔﻠﻴﻀﻔ
ﳉ ﺮﻓﻭ ﻱﺬﻟﺍ ﺔﻳﺪﻤﶈﺍ ﺎﺗﺮﻛﺍﺭﻮﺳ ﺔﻌﻣﺎﺟ ﺍ ﻊﻴﻤ
ﻢﻠﻌﺘﻠﻟ ﻞﻴﺒﺳ ﻞﻛ ﺔﺒﻠﻄﻟ .
ﺎﻤﻛ ﻡﺪﻗﺃ ﻖﺋﺎـﻓ
ﻡﺍﺮﺘﺣﻻﺍﻭ ﺮﻜﺸﻟﺍ ﻟ
ﻱﺬﻟﺍ ﺎﻴﻠﻌﻟﺍ ﺕﺎﺳﺍﺭﺪﻟﺍ ﺪﻴﻤﻋ ﰐﺎﻴﻣﺩ ﺔﻔﻳﺬﺣ ﺭﻮﺘﻛﺪﻟﺍ ﺫﺎﺘﺳﻷﺍ ﺔﻠﻴﻀﻔ
ﺞﻳﺮﺨﺘﻟ ﻰﻌﺳ ﺔﻓﺮﻌﳌﺍﻭ ﻢﻠﻌﻟﺎﺑ ﺓﺩﻭﺰﺘﻣ ﻝﺎﻴﺟﺃ
. ﺎﻤﻬﻴﻌﺳ ﰲ ﻙﺭﺎﺑﻭ ﺎﳘﺪﻬﺟ ﷲﺍ ﺮﻜﺷ .
ﻥﺎﻨﺘﻣﻻﺍﻭ ﺮﻜﺸﻟﺍ ﻪﺟﻭﺃﻭ ﻦﻣ ﱟﻞﻜﻟ
ﷲﺍ ﻦﻳﺩ ﲔﻌﻣ ﺪﻤﳏ ﺭﻮﺘﻛﺪﻟﺍ ﺔﻠﻴﻀﻓ ﻱﺮﺼـﺑ
ﺲﻴﺋﺭ ﻢﺴﻗ ﺞﻣﺎﻧﺮﺑ ﺮﻜﻔﻟﺍ ﲑﺘﺴﺟﺎﻣ ﻲﻣﻼﺳﻹﺍ
ﻝﻭﻷﺍ ﻑﺮﺸﳌﺍﻭ ﺔﻟﺎـﺳﺮﻟﺍ ﻩﺬـﻫ ﻰـﻠﻋ
ﻭ ﻟﺎﺳﺮﻟﺍ ﻩﺬﻫ ﻰﻠﻋ ﱐﺎﺜﻟﺍ ﻑﺮﺸﳌﺍ ﻥﺎﺴﺣﺇ ﺪﻤﳏ ﺭﻮﺘﻛﺪﻟﺍ ﺔﻠﻴﻀﻓ ﺔ
ﻰﻠﻋ ﻻﺬﺑ ﺎﻣ ﺪﻬﺟ ﻦﻣ ﻩ
ﺩﺎﺷﺭﺇﻭ ﻪﻴﺟﻮﺗﻭ ﻢﻴﻈﻋ ﺔﻟﺎﺳﺮﻟﺍ ﻩﺬﻫ ﻡﺎﲤﺇ ﻞﻴﺒﺳ ﰲ
. ﺎﻬﻴﺟﻮﺘﻟ ﹰﺎﻘﺒﻃﻭ ﺎـﻤ
ﺍﺩﺎـﺷﺭﺇﻭ ﺎﻤ
ﺟﺮﺧ ﺖ ﺔﻟﺎﺳﺮﻟﺍ ﻯﻮﺘﺴﳌﺍ ﺍﺬﻫ ﻰﻠﻋ .
ﺀﺍﺰﳉﺍ ﲑﺧ ﺎﳘﺍﺰﺟﻭ ﷲﺍ ﺎﳘ ﺮﻜﺷ .
ﻢﺎﻔﻟﺆﻣ ﻦﻣ ﺖﺴﺒﺘﻗﺍﻭ ﻢﻬﻣﻮﻠﻋ ﻦﻣ ﺖﻠ ﻦﻣ ﻞﻜﻟ ﺮﻜﺸﻟﺍ ﻞﻳﺰﺟ ﻡﺪﻗﺃ ﻚﻟﺬﻛﻭ ﻢﺎﻤﻠﻛ ﻦﻣ ﺖﻠﻘﻧﻭ .
ﺃ ﷲﺍ ﻰﺴﻋ ﻥﺍﺰﻴﻣ ﰲ ﻚﻟﺫ ﻞﻌﳚﻭ ﺎﻬﻴﻓ ﻢﻬﻛﺭﺎﺑﻭ ﻢﻬﻣﻮﻠﻌﺑ ﺎﻨﻌﻔﻨﻳ ﻥ
ﻢﺎﻨﺴﺣ .
ﻁ
ﻭ ﺮﻜﺷﺃ ﻥﺃ ﲏﺗﻮﻔﻳ ﻻ ﺀﺍﺪﻫﺈﺑ ﺔﻟﺎﺳﺮﻟﺍ ﻩﺬﻫ ﻖﻴﻘﲢ ﻞﻴﺒﺳ ﰲ ﻞﻀﻓ ﻪﻟ ﻥﺎﻛ ﻦﻣ ﻞﻛ
ﺃ ﺩﺎﺷﺭﺇ ﻭﺃ ﺔﺤﻴﺼﻧ ﺔﻗﺩﺎﺻ ﺓﻮﻋﺩ ﻭﺃ ﺏﺎﺘﻜﻟ ﺓﺭﺎﻋﺇ ﻭ
. ﲑـﺧ ﻢﻫﺍﺰﺟﻭ ﻊﺒﻤﳉﺍ ﷲﺍ ﺮﻜﺷ
ﻙ
ABSTRACT
The guidelines of the alteration of evil, a theorical study based on the rule of Islamic Jurisprudence, "there is no harm nor inflicting harmful". This is a Thesis submitted for the Master Programme of Islamic Thought and Islamic Jurisprudence Department, at the University of Muhammadiyah Surakarta. Prepared by: Tamim Aziz, supervised by Dr. Muhammad Muinudinillah Basri. and Dr. Mochammad Ichsan. In 2012 AD -1433 H.
The notion of this qualitative and librarical research is basically urged by the realitiy of da'wah which has been in need of certain guidelines dealing with the alteration of evil under the rule of Islamic Juris prudence, "there is no harm nor inflicting harmful ." Among the reasons of the critical need of this study is the emergence of the undesirable phenomenon in the arena of da'wah, that is hasty enthusiasm in the way of the alteration of evil; neglecting the negative results of the actions and and losses. The study then raises two important questions as follows: (1) What does the rule "there is no harm nor inflicting harmful" mean? And What does the guidelines of the alteration of evil mean as well as their relationship between each other? (2) What kinds of guidelines could be derived from the rule "there is no harm nor inflicting harmful" for the purpose of the alteration of evil? After intensive studies in each of the two fields of the Islamic jurisprudences, pertaining to the rule "there is no harm nor inflicting harmful", and making the comparison between the two subjects as well as looking at their relationships between each other, finally the study came up with a set of the rules related to the alteration of the evil. These rules are: firstly - the general rule in the alteration of evil, which is keeping and making the interests come true, and refuting and neglecting the harms. Secondly – the rules that are derived from the rule of keeping and making the interests come true and refuting and neglecting the harms lead to some important results: (1) the correct perception of the concept of evil, and the Islamic jurisprudence related to the alteration of evil. (2) identification and verification before proceeding the alteration of evil. (3) starting from the worst of the evil. (4) calling to goodness and preventing from badness before denying and alteration of evil (5) choosing lesser of two evils. (6) the alteration of evil should not entail greater evil . These rules presumably could light up the path of da'i in the field of da'wah and direct their genuine concern on the alteration of evil toward the correct way for the sake of refuting the harm and keeping the interest.
Key words: the alteration of evil, harm, rules, interest, damage.
ﻝ
ﺕﺎﻳﻮﺘﶈﺍ ﺱﺮﻬﻓ
ﻑﻼﻐﻟﺍ ﺔﺤﻔﺻ
ﺃ
ﻝﻭﻷﺍ ﻑﺮﺸﳌﺍ ﺓﺮﻛﺬﻣ ﺔﺤﻔﺻ
ﺏ
ﱐﺎﺜﻟﺍ ﻑﺮﺸﳌﺍ ﺓﺮﻛﺬﻣ ﺔﺤﻔﺻ
ﺝ
ﺔﺸﻗﺎﻨﳌﺍ ﺔﻨﳉ ﺮﻳﺮﻘﺗ ﺔﺤﻔﺻ
ﺩ
ﺔﻟﺎﺳﺮﻟﺍ ﺔﻟﺎﺻﺃ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺭﺍﺮﻗﻹﺍ ﺔﺤﻔﺻ
ـﻫ
ﻝﻼﻬﺘﺳﺍ ﺔﺤﻔﺻ
ﻭ
ﺀﺍﺪﻫﺇ ﺔﺤﻔﺻ
ﺯ
ﺮﻳﺪﻘﺗﻭ ﺮﻜﺷ ﺔﺤﻔﺻ
ﺡ
ﺔﻴﺑﺮﻌﻟﺍ ﺔﻐﻠﻟﺎﺑ ﺚﺤﺒﻟﺍ ﺺﺨﻠﻣ
ﻱ
ﺔﻳﺰﻴﻠﳒﻹﺍ ﺔﻐﻠﻟﺎﺑ ﺚﺤﺒﻟﺍ ﺺﺨﻠﻣ
ﻙ
ﺕﺎﻳﻮﺘﶈﺍ ﺱﺮﻬﻓ
ﻝ
ﻝﻭﻷﺍ ﺏﺎﺒﻟﺍ
:
ﺔﻣﺪﻘﳌﺍ
١
-١٦
ﺃ . ﺚﺤﺒﻟﺍ ﺔﻴﻔﻠﺧ
ﻉ
ﺚﻟﺎﺜﻟﺍ ﺐﻠﻄﳌﺍ :
ﺓﺪﻋﺎﻗ » ﺎﳝﺪﻗ ﻥﻮﻜﻳ ﻻ ﺭﺮﻀﻟﺍ «
٧١
ﺚﻟﺎﺜﻟﺍ ﺏﺎﺒﻟﺍ
:
ﺮﻜﻨﳌﺍ ﺭﺎﻜﻧﺇ ﻪﻘﻓ
٧٣
-١٢٣
ﻝﻭﻷﺍ ﻞﺼﻔﻟﺍ :
ﺮﻜﻨﳌﺍ ﺭﺎﻜﻧﺇ ﻡﻮﻬﻔﻣ
٧٤
ﻝﻭﻷﺍ ﺚﺤﺒﳌﺍ :
ﺎﻴﻓﺎﺿﺇ ﺎﺒﻛﺮﻣ ﻩﺭﺎﺒﺘﻋﺎﺑ ﺮﻜﻨﳌﺍ ﺭﺎﻜﻧﺇ ﻒﻳﺮﻌﺗ
٧٤
ﻝﻭﻷﺍ ﺐﻠﻄﳌﺍ :
ﺡﻼﻄﺻﻻﺍﻭ ﺔﻐﻠﻟﺍ ﰲ ﺭﺎﻜﻧﻹﺍ ﲎﻌﻣ
٧٤
ﱐﺎﺜﻟﺍ ﺐﻠﻄﳌﺍ :
ﺡﻼﻄﺻﻻﺍﻭ ﺔﻐﻠﻟﺍ ﰲ ﺮﻜﻨﳌﺍ ﲎﻌﻣ
٧٥
ﱐﺎﺜﻟﺍ ﺚﺤﺒﳌﺍ :
ﻒﻳﺮﻌﺗ ﻩﺭﺎﺒﺘﻋﺎﺑ ﺮﻜﻨﳌﺍ ﺭﺎﻜﻧﺇ ﺎﺒﻘﻟ ﻭﺃ ﺎﻤﻠﻋ
٧٧
ﺚﻟﺎﺜﻟﺍ ﺚﺤﺒﳌﺍ :
ﺮﻜﻨﳌﺍ ﺭﺎﻜﻧﺈﺑ ﺔﻠﺼﻟﺍ ﺕﺍﺫ ﻅﺎﻔﻟﻷﺍ
٧٨
ﱐﺎﺜﻟﺍ ﻞﺼﻔﻟﺍ :
ﻲﻔﻴﻠﻜﺘﻟﺍ ﻪﻤﻜﺣﻭ ﻪﻟﻮﺻﺃﻭ ﺮﻜﻨﳌﺍ ﺭﺎﻜﻧﺇ ﺔﻴﳘﺃ
٨٠
ﻝﻭﻷﺍ ﺚﺤﺒﳌﺍ :
ﺮﻜﻨﳌﺍ ﺭﺎﻜﻧﺇ ﺔﻴﳘﺃ
٨٠
ﱐﺎﺜﻟﺍ ﺚﺤﺒﳌﺍ :
ﺮﻜﻨﳌﺍ ﺭﺎﻜﻧﺇ ﻝﻮﺻﺃ
٨٣
ﻝﻭﻷﺍ ﺐﻠﻄﳌﺍ :ﺍ
ﺏﺎﺘﻜﻟﺍ ﻦﻣ ﺔﻟﺩﻷ
٨٣
ﱐﺎﺜﻟﺍ ﺐﻠﻄﳌﺍ :
ﺔﻨﺴﻟﺍ ﻦﻣ ﺔﻟﺩﻷﺍ
٨٥
ﺚﻟﺎﺜﻟﺍ ﺐﻠﻄﳌﺍ :
ﺔﻣﻷﺍ ﻉﺎﲨﺇ
٨٧
ﺚﻟﺎﺜﻟﺍ ﺚﺤﺒﳌﺍ :
ﺮﻜﻨﳌﺍ ﺭﺎﻜﻧﻹ ﻲﻔﻴﻠﻜﺘﻟﺍ ﻢﻜﳊﺍ
ﻑ
ﻝﻭﻷﺍ ﺐﻠﻄﳌﺍ :
ﺮﻜﻨﳌﺍ ﺭﺎﻜﻧﺇ ﻢﻜﺣ ﰲ ﺀﺎﻤﻠﻌﻟﺍ ﺐﻫﺍﺬﻣ
٨٩
ﱐﺎﺜﻟﺍ ﺐﻠﻄﳌﺍ :
ﺮﻜﻨﳌﺍ ﺭﺎﻜﻧﺇ ﻢﻜﺣ ﰲ ﺭﺎﺘﺨﳌﺍ ﻱﺃﺮﻟﺍ
٩٤
ﺚﻟﺎﺜﻟﺍ ﺐﻠﻄﳌﺍ :
ﺍ ﻊﲨﺃ ﱵﻟﺍ ﻝﺍﻮﺣﻷﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺀﺎﻤﻠﻌﻟ
ﺎـﻬﻴﻓ ﺮـﻜﻨﳌﺍ ﺭﺎﻜﻧﺇ ﻥﺃ
ﲔﻋ ﺽﺮﻓ
٩٦
ﺚﻟﺎﺜﻟﺍ ﻞﺼﻔﻟﺍ :
ﺮﻜﻨﳌﺍ ﺭﺎﻜﻧﺇ ﻥﺎﻛﺭﺃ
٩٩
ﻝﻭﻷﺍ ﺚﺤﺒﳌﺍ :
ﺮﻜﻨﳌﺍ ) ﻑﺎﻜﻟﺍ ﺮﺴﻜﺑ (
٩٩
ﻝﻭﻷﺍ ﺐﻠﻄﳌﺍ :
ﺮﻜﻨﳌﺍ ﻒﻳﺮﻌﺗ
٩٩
ﱐﺎﺜﻟﺍ ﺐﻠﻄﳌﺍ :
ﺮﻜﻨﳌﺍ ﻁﻭﺮﺷ
١٠٠
ﱐﺎﺜﻟﺍ ﺚﺤﺒﳌﺍ :
ﻪﻴﻠﻋ ﺮﹶﻜﻨﳌﺍ
١٠٤
ﻝﻭﻷﺍ ﺐﻠﻄﳌﺍ :
ﻪﻴﻠﻋ ﺮﹶﻜﻨﳌﺍ ﻒﻳﺮﻌﺗ
١٠٤
ﱐﺎﺜﻟﺍ ﺐﻠﻄﳌﺍ :
ﻪﻴﻠﻋ ﺮﹶﻜﻨﳌﺍ ﻁﻭﺮﺷ
١٠٤
ﺚﻟﺎﺜﻟﺍ ﺚﺤﺒﳌﺍ :
ﺮﹶﻜﻨﳌﺍ ) ﻑﺎﻜﻟﺍ ﺢﺘﻔﺑ (
١٠٥
ﻝﻭﻷﺍ ﺐﻠﻄﳌﺍ :
ﺮﻜﻨﳌﺍ ﻒﻳﺮﻌﺗ
١٠٥
ﱐﺎﺜﻟﺍ ﺐﻠﻄﳌﺍ :
ﺮﻜﻨﳌﺍ ﻁﻭﺮﺷ
١٠٥
ﻊﺑﺍﺮﻟﺍ ﺚﺤﺒﳌﺍ :
ﺭﺎﻜﻧﻹﺍ ١١١
ﺭ
ﺚﻟﺎﺜﻟﺍ ﻞﺼﻔﻟﺍ :
ﻂﺑﺍﻮﺿ ﺭﺎﻜﻧﺇ
ﺮﻜﻨﳌﺍ ١٥٣
ﻝﻭﻷﺍ ﺚﺤﺒﳌﺍ :
ﺮﻜﻨﳌﺍ ﺭﺎﻜﻧﺇ ﻂﺑﺍﻮﺿ ﻡﻮﻬﻔﻣ
١٥٣
ﱐﺎﺜﻟﺍ ﺚﺤﺒﳌﺍ :
ﺓﺪﻋﺎﻗ ﻦﻣ ﺓﺎﻘﺘﺴﳌﺍ ﺮﻜﻨﳌﺍ ﺭﺎﻜﻧﺇ ﻂﺑﺍﻮﺿ »
ﻻﻭ ﺭﺮـﺿ ﻻ
ﺭﺍﺮﺿ « ١٥٤
ﻝﻭﻷﺍ ﺐﻠﻄﳌﺍ :
ﻡﺎﻌﻟﺍ ﻂﺑﺎﻀﻟﺍ ﱀﺎﺼﳌﺍ ﺓﺎﻋﺍﺮﻣ
ﻭ ﺎﻬﻘﻴﻘﲢ ﺀﺭﺩﻭ
ﺪﺳﺎﻔﳌﺍ
ﻠﻴﻄﻌﺗﻭ ﺎﻬ ١٥٤
ﱐﺎﺜﻟﺍ ﺐﻠﻄﳌﺍ :
ﻦﻋ ﺔﻋﺮﻔﺘﳌﺍ ﻂﺑﺍﻮﻀﻟﺍ ﱀﺎﺼـﳌﺍ ﺓﺎﻋﺍﺮﻣ
ﺎـﻬﻘﻴﻘﲢﻭ ﺀﺭﺩﻭ
ﻠﻴﻄﻌﺗﻭ ﺪﺳﺎﻔﳌﺍ ﺎﻬ
١٥٦
ﺲﻣﺎﳋﺍ ﺏﺎﺒﻟﺍ
:
ﺕﺎﻴﺻﻮﺘﻟﺍﻭ ﺞﺋﺎﺘﻨﻟﺍ
١٧٠
-١٧٣
ﺃ . ﺚﺤﺒﻟﺍ ﺞﺋﺎﺘﻧ
١٧٠
ﺏ . ﺕﺎﻴﺻﻮﺘﻟﺍ
١٧٢
ﻊﺟﺍﺮﳌﺍ ﺔﻤﺋﺎﻗ
١٧٤
ﺚﺤﺒﻟﺍ ﺱﺭﺎﻬﻓ
١٩٥
)ﺃ ( ﺕﺎﻳﻵﺍ ﺱﺮﻬﻓ
١٩٦
) ﺏ ( ﺚﻳﺩﺎﺣﻷﺍ ﺱﺮﻬﻓ
ﺵ
) ﺝ ( ﺔﻴﻬﻘﻔﻟﺍ ﺪﻋﺍﻮﻘﻟﺍ ﺱﺮﻬﻓ
٢٠٤
)ﺩ ( ﻡﻼﻋﻷﺍ ﺱﺮﻬﻓ
