THESIS GRAMMATICAL ERROR ANALYSIS OF DESCRIPTIVE TEXTS WRITTEN BY THE FIRST GRADE STUDENTS OF SMK PANCASILA SURAKARTA IN THE ACADEMIC YEAR OF 20172018

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THESIS

GRAMMATICAL ERROR ANALYSIS OF DESCRIPTIVE TEXTS WRITTEN BY THE FIRST GRADE STUDENTS

OF SMK PANCASILA SURAKARTA IN THE ACADEMIC YEAR OF 2017/2018

THESIS RATNA NOVIANTI

K2212061

This thesis is submitted to fulfill the requirement for Undergraduate Degree in

English Department Teacher Training and Education Faculty

ENGLISH EDUCATION DEPARTMENT

TEACHER TRAINING AND EDUCATION FACULTY SEBELAS MARET UNIVERSITY

2018

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PRONOUNCEMENT

I would like to certify that the thesis entitled “GRAMMATICAL ERROR ANALYSIS OF DESCRIPTIVE TEXTS WRITTEN BY THE FIRST GRADE STUDENTS OF SMK PANCASILA SURAKARTA IN THE ACADEMIC YEAR OF 2017/2018” is really my own work. It is not a product of plagiarism or made by others. Everything related to others’ works id written in quotation, the sources of which are listed in the bibliography.

If then, this pronouncement proves wrong, I am ready to receive any academic punishment.

Surakarta, July 2018

Ratna Novianti

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THESIS

GRAMMATICAL ERROR ANALYSIS OF DESCRIPTIVE TEXTS WRITTEN BY THE FIRST GRADE STUDENTS

OF SMK PANCASILA SURAKARTA IN THE ACADEMIC YEAR OF 2017/2018

THESIS RATNA NOVIANTI

K2212061

This thesis is submitted to fulfill the requirement for Undergraduate Degree in

English Department Teacher Training and Education Faculty

ENGLISH EDUCATION DEPARTMENT

TEACHER TRAINING AND EDUCATION FACULTY SEBELAS MARET UNIVERSITY

2018

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APPROVAL OF CONSULTANTS

This thesis has been approvedby the thesis Consultant to be examined by the thesis Examiners broad of Teaching Training Education Faculty, Universitas Sebelas Maret Surakarta.

On : By :

Consultant I

Dr. Ngadiso, M.pd. NIP. 196212311988031009

Consultant II

Dewi Cahyaningrum, S.Pd.,M.Pd. NIP. 1988032320130201

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APPROVAL OF THE BOARD OF EXAMINERS

This thesis has been examined by the Board of Thesis Examiners of the English Education Department of Teacher Training and Education Faculty of Universitas Sebelas Maret Surakarta and has been accepted to fulfill one of requirements for obtaining an undergraduate degree in English Education.

Date : Day : The Board of Examiners:

1. Chair

Teguh Sarosa, S.S., M.Hum. ( )

NIP. 197302052006041001 2. Secretary

Kristiandi, S.S., M.A. ( )

NIP. 197707202001121001 3. First Examiner

Dr. Ngadiso, M.Pd. ( )

NIP. 196212311988031009

4. Dewi Cahyaningrum, S.pd, M.pd. ( )

NIP. 1988032320130201

The Dean

Teacher Training and Education Faculty Universitas Sebelas Maret,

Prof. Dr. Joko Nurkamto, M.Pd. NIP 196101241987021001

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ABSTRACT

Ratna Novianti. K2212061. 2018. Grammatical Error Analysis of Descriptive Texts Written by the First Grade Students of SMK Pancasila Surakarta in the Academic Year of 2017/2018. Thesis. English Education Department. Teacher Training and Education Faculty. Universitas Sebelas Maret.

The goals of this research are: (1) To identify the grammatical errors made by the students in writing descriptive text; (2) To know the percentages of grammatical error made by students in writing descriptive text; (3) To know the most difficult aspect of grammatical error for students in writing descriptive text; and (4) To identify the sources of grammatical errors made by the students in writing descriptive text.

The research was conducted in SMK Pancasila Surakarta in June 2017. The method of this research is descriptive quantitative research. The sampling technique employed in this research is cluster random sampling. The data are student’s errors which are collected through test which is done by 26 students of X TPM 1 of SMK Pancasila Surakarta. The data are analyzed by using error analysis procedure which consists of identifying students’ errors, describing the errors, explaining the errors, and evaluating the errors.

The findings of the research are: (1) The grammatical errors made by the student are classified into four classifications: omission, addition, misinformation, and misordering; (2) The percentage of each error is as follows: omission of error with the percentage of 33.34% or 38 errors of total 114 errors, addition of error with the percentage 10.53% or 12 error of total 144 errors, misinformation of error with the percentage of 54.38% or 62 errors of total 114 errors, and misordering with the percentage of 1.75% or 2 errors of total 144 errors; (3) The most difficult aspect is errors of misinformation which are the most frequent error that are identified by the use of incorrect form of morpheme or structure; and (4) The sources of error made by the students are divided into two types; interlingual error

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with the percentage of 45.62% or 52 errors of total 114 errors and intralingual error with the percentage of 54.38% or 62 errors of total 114 errors.

The study can be used by the teachers to know what kinds of errors which are often made by the students. The teachers can determine the best teaching method and technique to deliver the lesson in order to avoid the occurrence of errors. Besides, teachers can also find out what materials should be prioritized to reduce the students’ errors.

Keywords:grammar, error analysis, descriptive text

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ABSTRAK

Ratna Novianti. K2212061. Analisis Kesalahan Gramatikal dalam Teks Deskriptif yang Ditulis oleh Siswa- siswa Kelas Satu SMK Pancasila Surakarta Tahun Ajaran 2017/2018. Skripsi. Jurusan Pendidikan Bahasa Inggris. Fakultas Ilmu Keguruan dan Ilmu Pendidikan. Universitas Sebelas Maret.

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah: (1) Untuk mengidentifikasi kesalahan gramatikal yang dibuat oleh siswa-siswa dalam menulis teks deskriptif; (2) Untuk mengetahui persentase dari kesalahan gramatikal yang dibuat oleh siswa- siswa dalam menulis teks deskriptif; (3) Untuk mengetahui aspek tersulit dari kesalahan gramatikal bagi siswa-siswa dalam menulis deskriptif teks; (4) Untuk mengetahui sumber-sumber kesalahan gramatikal yang dibuat oleh siswa-siswa dalam menulis deskriptif teks.

Penelitian dilaksanakan di SMK Pancasila Surakarta pada bulan Juni 2017. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah penelitian kuantitatif deskriptif. Tehnik sampling yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah cluster random sampling. Data dari penelitian ini berasal dari kesalahan-kesalahan siswa yang telah dikumpulkan dengan menggunakan tes yang diikuti oleh 26 siswa dari X TPM 1 SMK Pancasila Surakarta. Data dianalisis dengan menggunakan prosedur analisis kesalahan yang terdiri dari: mengidentifikasi kesalahan siswa, mendeskripsikan kesalahan, menjelaskan kesalahan, dan mengevalusi kesalahan.

Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah: (1) kesalahan gramatikal yang dibuat oleh siswa dibagi menjadi empat klasifikasi: omission, addition, misinformation, dan misordering; (2) persentase dari masing-masing kesalahan adalah sebagai berikut: omission of error dengan persentase 33.34% atau 38 kesalahan dari total 114 kesalahan, addition of error dengan persentase 10.53% atau 12 kesalahan dari total 114 kesalahan, misinformation of error dengan persentase 54.38% atau 62 kesalahan dari

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total 114 kesalahan, dan misordering of error dengan persentase 1.75% atau 2 kesalahan dari total 114 kesalahan; (3) Aspek tersulit adalah misinformation yang mana sebagai kesalahan yang paling banyak muncul

yang ditandai dengan penggunaan bentuk stuktur yang salah; dan (4) Sumber-sumber kesalahan yang dibuat siswa dibagi menjadi dua tipe: interlingual error dengan persentasi 45.62% atau 52 kesalahan dari total

114 kesalahan dan intralingual error dengan persentase 54.38% atau 62 kesalahan dari total 114 kesalahan.

Penelitian ini dapat digunakan oleh para guru untuk mengetahui macam-macam yang sering dibuat oleh siswa. Guru dapat menentukan metode mengajar yang terbaik dan tehnik untuk menyampaikan pelajaran yang dapat mencegah munculnya kesalahan. Selain itu, guru juga dapat menemukan materi apa yang harus diprioritaskan untuk mengurangi kesalahan siswa.

Kata kunci: tata bahasa, analisis kesalahan, teks deskriptif

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MOTTO

The more you praise and celebrate your life, the more there is in life to

celebrate.

(Oprah Winfrey)

No one has ever made himself great by showing how small someone else

is.

(Irvin Himmel)

Do the best, be the best, and God takes the rest.

(Marching Band Sebelas Maret)

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DEDICATION

I dedicate this thesis gratefully to:

- My beloved mother, Nurainin and father, M. Choirul Fuad. - My beloved sister, Dea Dwi Ratna Apriliana.

- My beloved grandma - My best friends.

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ACKNOWLEDGEMENT Alhamdulillahirobbil’alamin

All praises be for Allah SWT for the blessings so that the researcher is finally able to finish the thesis as one of the requirement for achieving Undergraduate Degree in English Education Department, Teacher Training and Education Faculty, Universitas Sebelas Maret. This thesis would have never been completed without the assistance of many people. So, the researcher would like to express her greatest gratitude and respect to the following:

1. The Dean of Teacher Training and Education Faculty of Universitas Sebelas Maret.

2. The Head of English Education Department of Teacher Training and Education Faculty of Universitas Sebelas Maret, for the permission to write this thesis.

3. Dr. Ngadiso, M.Pd., the first consultant, for his time, patience, motivations, advices, and guidance during the process of writing this thesis.

4. Dewi Cahyaningrum, S.Pd.,M.Pd., the second consultant, for her time, patience, motivations, advices, and guidance during the process of writing this thesis.

5. Kristiandi, S.S., M.A., the academic consultant, for his kindness and supervision during the researcher’s study in English education Department.

6. Budi Santoso, S.Pd., ST., M.Pd., the headmaster of SMK Pancasila Surakarta, for his permission to do the research in his school.

7. Wahyudi, S.Pd., the English teacher of SMK Pancasila Surakarta, for his kindness and help during the research.

8. All the students of X TPM 1, for their good cooperation during the research.

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9. All the lecturers in English Education Department of Teacher Training and Education Faculty of Sebelas Maret Surakarta, for their supports during the researcher’s study.

10.Her beloved family, for patiently encouraging the researcher in everything. 11.EED 2012 especially class B, for the good times and laughter we share. 12.Her best friends, Rea, Deka, Kiki, Witria, Ias, Yulia, Yesika, Dwi etc. for

the happiness, whole- heartedly cares, helps, and supports.

13.The family of Marching Band Sebelas Maret, for giving the great experiences in the research’s life all this time.

This thesis is far from being ideal, so the researcher would be very pleased for all the suggestions, criticisms, and comments to make this thesis better. The researcher hopes that this thesis would be useful for the readers especially for those who are interested in linguistic studies.

Surakarta, April 2018

Ratna Novianti

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LIST OF APPENDICES

Appendix 01 List of X TPM 1Students ... 41

Appendix 02 Students’ Worksheet... 42

Appendix 04 Table 2: List of Omission Errors ... 44

Appendix 05 Table 3: List of Addition Errors ... 46

Appendix 06 Table 4: List of Misinformation Errors ... 48

Appendix 07 Table 5: List of Misordering Errors ... 54

Appendix 08 Students’ Worksheet... 55

Appendix 09 Legalizations ... 56

THESIS GRAMMATICAL ERROR ANALYSIS OF DESCRIPTIVE TEXTS WRITTEN BY THE FIRST GRADE STUDENTS OF SMK PANCASILA SURAKARTA IN THE ACADEMIC YEAR OF 20172018

THESIS

This thesis is submitted to fulfill the requirement for Undergraduate Degree in

ENGLISH EDUCATION DEPARTMENT

THESIS

This thesis is submitted to fulfill the requirement for Undergraduate Degree in

ENGLISH EDUCATION DEPARTMENT

APPROVAL OF THE BOARD OF EXAMINERS

ABSTRACT

Ratna Novianti. K2212061. 2018. Grammatical Error Analysis of Descriptive Texts Written by the First Grade Students of SMK Pancasila Surakarta in the Academic Year of 2017/2018. Thesis. English Education Department. Teacher Training and Education Faculty. Universitas Sebelas Maret.

ABSTRAK

Ratna Novianti. K2212061. Analisis Kesalahan Gramatikal dalam Teks Deskriptif yang Ditulis oleh Siswa- siswa Kelas Satu SMK Pancasila Surakarta Tahun Ajaran 2017/2018. Skripsi. Jurusan Pendidikan Bahasa Inggris. Fakultas Ilmu Keguruan dan Ilmu Pendidikan. Universitas Sebelas Maret.

MOTTO

TABLE OF CONTENTS

CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION ... 1

CHAPTER III RESEARCH METHODOLOGY ... 16

CHAPTER V CONCLUSION, IMPLICATION AND SUGGESTION ... 34

LIST OF APPENDICES