Office Space is not just about costs or ‘cool design’; it is also about productivity, culture, flexibility and last but not least, the well-being and hapiness of

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A rt a nd De sig n Fa c ulty| Pe tra C hristia n Unive rsity Inte rio r De sig n 4 | 2011-2012| she rly d e yo ng

I N T ERI OR

WORK SPACE

&

EN V I RON M EN T

p la nning o ffic e s sp a c e s (2010)

He rma n Ja n va n Re e , Yuri Ma rte ns a nd Juria a n va n Me e l

wha t is

w ork spa c e

?

Work spa c e

wo rk· spa c e |wa wrk-sp e ys|

no un

spa c e

use d o r re q uire d fo r o ne 's

w ork

, a s in a n o ffic e o r ho m e .

wha t is

offic e de sign

?

To c re a te the rig ht o ffic e e nviro nme nt, it is ne c e ssa ry to

lo o k c lo se ly a t a n

orga niza t ion’s w ork

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Diffe re nt

o rg a niza tio ns will ne e d

diffe re nt

o ffic e c o nc e p ts

The o b je c tive o f

offic e de sign

?

The ma in p urp o se o f a n o ffic e b uild ing is:

1. To sup p o rt its o c c up a nts in p e rfo rming the ir

t a sk s a nd a c t ivit ie s

, p re fe ra b ly a t minimum c o st a nd to ma ximum

sa tisfa c tio n.

2. To ha ve a n imp o rta nt

soc ia l a nd

sym bolic

func tio n.

The d e sig n a nd la yo ut o f sp a c e s c a n, fo r e xa mp le , e nc oura ge int e ra c t ion or

st im ulat e c re at ivit y.

Furthe rmo re , the p hysic a l o ffic e c a n c o nve y a st rong c ult ura l m e ssa ge to e mp lo ye e s a nd visito rs a b o ut the o rg a niza tio n’ s id e ntitiy o r b ra nd

The nine o b je c tive o f

offic e de sign

?

1 .Enha nc e Produc t ivit y

the m o st im p o rta nt is a lso the m o st d iffic ult

-to c re a te a n e nv iro nme nt w he re e m p lo ye e s c a n b e o p tim a lly p ro d uc tiv e , the o ffic e sho uld m e e t b a sic sta nd a rd s c o nc e rning

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1 .Enha nc e Produc t ivit y

the m o st im po rta nt is a lso the m o st diffic ult

- Hyg ie nc e fa c to rs d o no t a c tua lly e nha nc e p ro d uc tivity - the wo rk e nviro nm e nt sho uld

m a t c h t he

a c t ivit ie s

tha t ne e d to b e c a rrie d o ut

2 .Re duc e Cost s

Ac c o m o d a tio n is e xp e nsive a nd no t a lwa ys utilize d a s e ffic ie ntly a s it c o uld b e . O n a ve ra g e , wo rksa tio ns in o ffic e b uild ing a re p hysic a lly o c c up ie d o nly 50 to 60 % o f the tim e , while the y re p re se nt m a jo r c o st fo r le a sing , c o o ling , m a inta ining a nd c le ning the sp a c e ne e d e d

- Inc re a sing wo rkp la c e utiliza tio n a nd o ffic e d e nsitie s (d e sk sha ring a nd o p e n p la nning )

- Sta nd irizing the size a nd fitting o ut the sp a c e s

2 .Re duc e Cost s

e ffic ie nt use o f sp a c e is im p o rta nt; b ut e ve n m o re im p o rta nt is c re a t ing a n e nvironm e nt w he re pe ople c a n w ork e ffe c t ive ly

d e sk sha ring c a n lo we r the running c o sts b ut re q uire s hig he r inve sm e nts in IT a nd furniture

3 . I nc re a se Fle x ibilit y

d e te rm ine the typ e o rg a niza tio na l d yna m ic s a b uild ing sho uld b e a b le to a c c o m o d a te . (sta ffing le ve l sub je c ts o r c o m p o sitio n o f te a m s c ha ng e o fte n)

3 . I nc re a se Fle x ibilit y

a d istinc tio n c a n b e m a d e b e tw e e n b uild ing fle xib ility (i.e . Build ing s tha t c a n e a sily b e e xte nd e d , sp lit up a nd / o r sub le t), sp a tia l fle xib ility (i.e . Flo o r p la ns tha t c a n e a sily b e c o nv e rte d fro m c e llula r o ffic e s into o p e n-p la n sp a c e s a nd v ic e v e rsa ), a nd w o rkp la c e fle xib ility (i.e . Wo rkp la c e s tha t c a n b e fle xib ly use d b y a ny e m p lo ye e )

im port a nt c onside ra t ion:

sta nd a rd iza tio n o f w o rksta tio ns a nd ro o m size s

4 . Enc oura ge I nt e ra c t ion

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4 . Enc oura ge I nt e ra c t ion

The p hysic a l la yo ut o f the w o rk e nv iro nm e nt p la y a c ruc ia l ro le in this. Flo o r p la ns lo c a lize p e o p le a nd c a n the re b y stim ula te o r hind e r inte ra c tio n. The o ffic e la yo uts c a n b e

b re a king a w a y the inte ra c tio n a nd c o m m unic a tio n using the p hysic a l a nd sym b o lic b a rrie rs, ye t c a n im p ro ve the a d ja c e nc ie s b e tw e e n g ro up s

5 . Support Cult ura l Cha nge

o ffic e d e sig n m a y b e a m o re e ffe c tiv e to o l fo r c ulutra l c ha ng e tha n the usua l m a na g e m e nt sp e e c he s a nd ne w sle tte rs. Fo r e xa m p le , lo c a ting the m a na g e r a nd junio r e m p lo ye e s in the sa m e sp a c e w ill b e m o re p o w e rful tha t sim p ly sta ting tha t the o rg a niza tio n sho uld b e le ss hie ra rc hic a l

As a n o rg a niza tio n a nd d e sig ne r, yo u ne e d to c o nsid e r c a re fully w ha t so rt o f c ulture yo u w ish to c re a te a nd w ha t the re a l id e ntity o f the o rg a niza tio n

6 . St im ula t e Cre a t ivit y

la yo ut a nd d e sig n o f the w o rk e nv iro nm e nt c a n p la y a c ruc ia l ro le , c re a ting sp a c e s tha t stim ula te the sp o nta ne o us e xc ha ng e o f id e a s, o r se c lud e d a re a s fo r ind iv id ua l thinking

6 . St im ula t e Cre a t ivit y

7 . At t ra c t a nd Re t a in St a ff

the p hysic a l w o rk e nv iro nm e nt c a n a lso p la y a n im p o rta nt ro le to p ro v id e m e a ning ful w o rk, p ro m ising c a re e r p ro sp e c ts a nd a ttra c tiv e fina nc ia l c o m p e nsa tio n.

Pro v id ing e m p lo ye e s w ith c o m fo rta b le (he a lthy a nd c o m fo rta b le w o rkp la c e s, p ro p e rly v e ntila te d , suffic ie ntly c o o le d a nd e rg o no m ic a lly d e sig ne d ), a ttra c tiv e surro und ing s te lls the m tha t the y a re v a lue d b y m a na g e m e nt a nd he lp s to m a ke a g o o d im p re ssio n o n jo b a p p lic a nts.

8 . Ex pre ss t he BRAN D

Bra nd ing is a b o ut c re a ting a p a rtic ula r im a g e o r

p e rc e p tio n o f the o rg a niza tio n a nd its p ro d uc ts o r se rvic e s a m o ng c usto m e rs o r o the r stra te g ic sta ke ho ld e rs.

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8 . Ex pre ss t he BRAN D

9 . Re duc e Environm e nt a l

I m pa c t

O ffic e b uild ing s ha v e a la rg e im p a c t o n the e nv iro nm e nt a s the y re q uire a lo t o f ra w m a te ria ls to b uild a nd e v e n m o re na tura l re so urc e s to run. The o p e ra tio ns o f o ffic e b uild ing s re q uire s la rg e a m o unts o f w a te r a nd le a d s to a lo t o f w a ste .

As a d e sig ne r, yo u ne e d to c o nsid e r a b o ut ho w to re d uc e the c o nsum p tio n o f ra w m a te ria ls, e ne rg y a nd w a te r, inc re a se the re c yc ling o f e ne rg y, w a te r a nd w a ste .

The

c ruc ia l c hoic e s

?

Loc a t ion

the o ffic e v e rsus e lse w he re

U se

a llo a c te d w o rksta tio ns v e rsus ho t d e sks

La yout

w ith w a lls v e rsus w itho ut w a lls

Appe a ra nc e

ne utra l sp a c e v e rsus e xp re ssiv e sp a c e

Filing

le ss p a p e r v e rsus p a p e rle ss

St a nda rdiza t ion

ta ilo r-m a d e so lutio ns v e rsus o ne c o nc e p t fo r a ll

The

w ork spa c e s

?

The mo st imp o rta nt d istic tio n b e tw e e n the va rio us w o rk sp a c e typ e s is

t he ir size

a nd

t he de gre e t o w hich t he y a re e nclose d

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The va rio us typ e s p ro vid e s d iffe re nt d e g re e s o f visua l priva cy (the e xte nt to w hic h

use rs c a n se e o the rs o r c a n b e se e n b y o the rs) a nd a c oust ic priva cy (the e xte nd to w hic h use rs c a n he a r o the rs o r c a n

b e he a rd b y o the rs)

Re c om m e nde d m inim um spa c e pe r w ork st at ion

Ba sic sp a c e fo r w riting a nd typ ing (d e skto p o r la p to p ) - 4sq m Ad d itio na l sp a c e to p ut p a p e r o n o ne sid e (tra y sp a c e ) -1sq m

Sp a c e fo r filing (fo r e a c h filing c a b ine t) – 1sq m Sp a c e fo r m e e ting (fo r e a c h a d d itio na l c ha ir) – 1.5sq m

An o p e n w o rk sp a c e fo r m ore t ha n t e n pe ople, suita b le fo r a c tiv itie s w hic h d e m a nd

fre que nt c om m unic at ion

o r ro utine a c tiv itie s w hic h ne e d

re lat ive ly lit t le

c onc e nt rat ion

.

Ope n Offic e

A se m i-e nc lo se d w o rk sp a c e fo r t w o t o e ight pe ople; suita b le fo r te a m w o rk w hic h d e m a nd s

fre que nt int e r na l

c om m unic at ion

a nd a

m e dium leve l

c onc e nt rat ion

Te a m Spa c e

Cubicle

An e nc lo se d w o rk sp a c e fo r one pe rson; suita b le fo r a c tiv itie s w hic h a re

c onfide nt ia l

a nd d e m a nd

a lot

c onc e nt rat ion or include m a ny sm a ll

m e e t ings

Privat e Offic e

A se m i-e nc lo se d w o rk sp a c e fo r one pe rson; suita b le fo r a c tiv itie s w hic h d e m a nd s

m e dium c onc e nt rat ion

a nd a

m e dium c onc e nt rat ion

Sha re d Offic e

A e nc lo se d w o rk sp a c e fo r four t o t e n pe rson; suita b le fo r te a m w o rk w hic h a re

m a y be c onfide nt ia l

a nd d e m a nd

fre que nt int e r na l c om m unic at ion

Te a m Room

An e nc lo se d w o rk sp a c e fo r t w o or t hre e pe rson; suita b le fo r a c tiv itie s w hic h d e m a nd s

se m i-c onc e nt rat e d w ork

a nd a

c olla borat ive w ork in sm a ll groups

St udy boot h

A lo ung e -like w o rk sp a c e fo r t w o t o six pe rson; suita b le fo r

shor t t e r m a c t ivit ie s

w hic h d e m a nd

c olla borat ion a nd / or a llow im prom pt u

int e ra c t ion

Wor k Lounge

An e nc lo se d w o rk sp a c e fo r one pe rson; suita b le fo r sho rt-te rm a c tiv itie s w hic h d e m a nd s

c onc e nt rat ion or

c onfide nt ia lit y

An o p e n w o rk sp a c e ; suita b le fo r sho rt-te rm a c tiv itie s w hic h re q uire

lit t le c onc e nt rat ion a nd low

int e ra c t ion

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The

m e e t ing spa c e s

?

The mo st imp o rta nt d istic tio n b e tw e e n the va rio us me e ting sp a c e is

t he num be r of

use rs a nd t he de gre e t o w hich t he

spa c e is ope n or e nclose d

Re c om m e nde d m inim um spa c e pe r w ork st at ion

O p e n m e e ting sp a c e - 1,5sq m / p e rso n Enc lo se d m e e ting sp a c e -2sq m / p e rso n

Me e ting sp a c e w ith sp e c ia l e q uip m e nt/ furniture – 3sq m / p e rso n Me e ting p o int w he re p e o p le sta nd – 1sq m / p e rso n

Sm a ll m e e t ing room

La rge m e e t ing room

An e nc lo se d m e e ting sp a c e fo r t w o t o four pe rsons; suita b le fo r

bot h for m a l a nd infor m a l int e ra c t ion

Sm a ll m e e t ing spa c e

An e nc lo se d m e e ting sp a c e fo r five t o t w e lve pe rsons; suita b le fo r

for m a l int e ra c t ion

An o p e n o r se m i-o p e n m e e ting sp a c e fo r t w o t o four pe rsons; suita b le fo r

shor t , infor m a l int e ra c t ion

La rge m e e t ing spa c e

Bra inst or m room

An o p e n o r se m i-o p e n m e e ting sp a c e fo r five or t w e lve

pe rsons; suita b le fo r

shor t ,infor m a l int e ra c t ion

M e e t ing point

An e nc lo se d m e e ting sp a c e fo r five t o t w e lve pe rsons; suita b le fo r

bra inst or m ing se ssions a nd

w orshops

The

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Sp a c e s tha t ta ke p la c e in a n o rd ina ry o ffic e b uild ing . The ne e d fo r this typ e o f sp a c e w ill

d e p e nd o n the

w ork proc e sse s,

orga nizat ion, a nd soc ia l pot e nt ia l

.

Filing Spa c e

St ora ge Spa c e

An o p e n o r e nc lo se d sp a c e fo r t he st ora ge of fre que nt ly use d file s a nd doc um e nt s

Print a nd Copy a re a

An o p e n o r e nc lo se d sup p o rt sp a c e fo r t he st ora ge of c om m only use d of fic e supplie s

An o p e n o r e nc lo se d sup p o rt sp a c e w ith fa c ilitie s fo r print ing, sc a nning a nd c opying

M a il Are a

Pa nt r y Are a

An o p e n o r se m i-o p e n sup p o rt sp a c e w he re e m ploye e s c a n pic k up or de live r t he ir pe rsona l m a il

Bre a k Are a

An o p e n o r e nc lo se d sup p o rt sp a c e w he re pe ople c a n ge t c of fe e a nd t e a a s w e ll a s soft drink s a nd sna c k s

An se m i-o p e n o r e nc lo se d sup p o rt sp a c e w he re e m ploye e s c a n t a ke a bre a k from t he ir w ork

Locke r Are a

Sm ok ing room

An o p e n o r se m i-o p e n sup p o rt sp a c e w he re e m ploye e s c a n st ore t he ir pe rsona l be longings

Libra r y

An e nc lo se d sup p o rt sp a c e w he re e m ploye e s c a n sm oke a c iga re t t e

An se m i-o p e n o r e nc lo se d sup p o rt sp a c e fo r re a ding of book s, journa ls, a nd m a ga zine s

Ga m e s room

Wa it ing a re a

An e nc lo se d sup p o rt sp a c e w he re e m ploye e s c a n pla y ga m e s (e g. c om put e r ga m e s, pool, da rt s)

Circ ulat ion Spa c e

An o p e n o r se m i-o p e n sup p o rt sp a c e w he re visit ors c a n be re c e ive d a nd c a n w a it for t he ir a ppoint m e nt

Sup p o rt sp a c e w hic h is re quire d for c irc ula t ion on of fic e floors, link ing a ll m a jor func t ions