TABLE OF CONTENTS
STATEMENT OF AUTHORIZATION ... i
ABSTRACT ... ii
PREFACE ... iii
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT ... iv
TABLE OF CONTENTS ... v
LIST OF TABLES ... viii
LIST OF APPENDICES ... ix
CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION ... 1
1.1 Background ... 1
1.2 Research Questions ... 2
1.3 Aims of the Research ... 3
1.4 Significance of the Research ... 3
1.5 Clarification of Key Terms ... 3
1.6 Organization of the Paper ... 4
CHAPTER II LITERATURE REVIEW ... 7
2.2 Classification of Language Varieties ... 7
2.2.1 Formal and Informal Language Varieties ... 8
2.2.2 Women and Men’s Language Varieties ... 9
2.2.3 Ethnic Language Varieties ... 13
2.3 Language and Culture ... 14
2.3.1 Kinship Terms ... 14
2.4 Person Reference ... 15
2.5 The Use of Personal Pronouns in Indonesia ... 16
2.5.1 Self-Reference (First Person Pronoun) ... 17
2.5.2 Address Terms (Second Person Pronoun) ... 21
2.5.3 Third Person Pronoun ... 23
2.6 Previous Studies ... 24
CHAPTER III RESEARCH METHODOLOGY ... 26
3.1 Research Design ... 26
3.2 Procedures of Data Collections ... 26
3.2.1 Subjects of the Research. ... 26
3.3 Procedures of Data Analysis ... 27
3.3.1 Questionnaire ... 27
3.4 Data Analysis... 29
CHAPTER IV FINDINGS AND DISCUSSIONS ... 30
4.1 The Use of Self-Reference ... 30
4.1.1 Saya. ... 31
4.1.2 Zero Anaphora ... 35
4.1.3 Abdi (Ethnic) ... 38
4.1.4 Urang (Ethnic) ... 41
4.1.5 Aing (Ethnic) ... 43
4.1.6 Proper Names ... 45
4.1.7 Aku ... 48
4.1.8 Kinship Terms ... 51
4.1.9 Gue ... 54
4.2 Gender and Self-Reference ... 57
BAB V CONCLUSIONS AND SUGGESTIONS ... 60
5.1 Conclusions ... 60
5.2 Suggestions... 61
REFERENCES ... 62
LIST OF TABLES
Table 2.1 Indonesian Pronouns 16
LIST OF APPENDICES
Appendix 1 The Model of Questionnaire
(classification of situations)
Appendix II The Input of Questionnaire Data Appendix III The List of Data Questionnaire (sample)
Appendix IV The Model of Interview
