i ABSTRAK
Wulan Feitriani, 2012. Pengaruh Acinetobacter sp. dan Azotobacter spp. terhadap Proses Fitoremediasi Limbah Minyak Bumi pada Tanaman Sorgum (Sorghum bicolor). Dibimbing oleh Pudjawati Suryatmana dan Hersanti.
Limbah lumpur minyak bumi hasil pengolahan minyak bumi bersifat toksik terhadap lingkungan dengan kandungan TPH yang tinggi. Solusi masalah tersebut adalah penggunaan mikroorganisme Acinetobacter sp. dan Azotobacter spp. dalam proses fitoremediasi pada tanaman sorgum (Sorghum bicolor). Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui pengaruh Acinetobacter sp. dan Azotobacter spp. terhadap proses fitoremediasi limbah minyak bumi pada tanaman sorghum (Sorghum bicolor). Penelitian dilaksanakan dari bulan Januari 2012 hingga Juli 2012 dalam rumah plastik di kebun percobaan Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Padjadjaran, Jatinangor. Penelitian menggunakan rancangan acak kelompok pola faktorial yang terdiri atas 2 faktor. Faktor pertama yaitu perlakuan Azotobacter yang terdiri atas 4 taraf dan perlakuan kedua yaitu perlakuan Acinetobacter yang terdiri dari 3 taraf. Total kombinasi perlakuan adalah 12 kombinasi perlakuan dengan 3 kali ulangan.
Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat interaksi serta kombinasi konsentrasi antara Azotobacter dan Acinetobacter terhadap Efisiensi Biodegradasi Hidrokarbon, Total Populasi Acinetobacter, dan Pertumbuhan Tanaman Sorgum yaitu tinggi tanaman, nisbah pupus akar, dan luas area daun. Kombinasi tanpa pemberian Azotobacter spp. dengan 2,5% Acinetobacter sp. mampu meningkatkan efisiensi biodegradasi hidrokarbon. Kombinasi 2% Azotobacter spp. dengan 5% Acinetobacter sp. mampu meningkatkan total populasi Acinetobacter. Kombinasi 2% Azotobacter spp. dengan 2,5% Acinetobacter sp. serta kombinasi 1% Azotobacter spp. dengan 5% Acinetobacter sp. mampu meningkatkan pertumbuhan tanaman sorgum yaitu tinggi tanaman, nisbah pupus akar dan luas area daun.
ii ABSTRACT
Wulan Feitriani, 2012. Effects of Acinetobacter sp. and Azotobacter spp. on Effectiveness Waste Oil of Phytoremediation by Sorgum (Sorghum bicolor). Supervised by Pudjawati Suryatmana and Hersanti.
Sludge oil was one of a toxic material which have a bad effect for the environment. It has a high content of Total Petroleum Hydrocarbon (TPH). Phytoremediation was one of the way to simplify degradation process of hydrocarbons which was the main problem of sludge oil polution. To support the process was used microorganisms Acinetobacter sp., Azotobacter spp. and sorgum (Sorghum bicolor) as an agent of phytoremediation. This purpose of this research was to find out the effects of Acinetobacter sp. and Azotobacter spp. on Effectiveness Petroleum Waste of Phytoremediation by Sorgum (Sorghum bicolor). The research was carried out from January to July 2012 at experimental plastic garden house of Agricultural Faculty, Padjadjaran University, Jatinangor. This experiment was done using a Randomized Block Factorial Design which arranged in two factor. The first factor was Azotobacter treatment which consists of 4 level and the second was Acinetobacter treatment which consists of 3 level. Total of treatment was 12 combinations with 3 replications.
The result of this research were showing an interaction and combination between Azotobacter and Acinetobacter concentration on biodegradation efficiency of hydrocarbon, total population Acinetobacter, and growth of sorghum which was height of plant, shoot root ratio and leaf area. The combination without adding Azotobacter sp. with 2,5% Acinetobacter sp. was increasing biodegradation efficiency of hydrocarbon. The combination of 2% Azotobacter spp. with 5% Acinetobacter sp. was increasing the total population of Acinetobacter sp. the combination of 2% Azotobacter spp. with 2,5% Acinetobacter sp. and the combination of 1% azotobacter spp. with 5% Acinetobacter sp. was increasing the growth of sorghum which was height of plant, shoot root ratio and leaf area.
