Studi Temperatur Optimal Terhadap Kekuatan Tarik dan Makrostruktur pada Komposisi Campuran Polypropiline (PP) dan High-Densitiy Polyethylene (HDPE) dengan Mesin Ekstruder

xii

LAMPIRAN 1

(a) (b)

(c)

Gambar 4.1 Film Spesimen Setelah Pengujian Tarik (a)F1 165oC, (b) F2 165oC, (c) F3 165oC

(a) (b)

(c)

xiii

(a) (b)

(c)

Gambar 4.3 Film Spesimen Setelah Pengujian Tarik (a)F1 175oC, (b) F2 175oC, (c) F3 175oC

(a) (b)

(c)

xiv

LAMPIRAN 2

Suhu 165

o

C

447,846462 𝑁

13,53𝑚𝑚2 = 33,10 N _mm2 = 33,10 MPa

393,976611 𝑁

13,79𝑚𝑚2 = 28,58 N _mm2= 28,58 MPa

375,206013 𝑁

xv

= 362,849193N

σmaks =Fmaks

= 293,337177N

xvi • 60% PP : 40% HDPE (F3b)

Fmaks = 28,625 x 9,807 N

= 280,725375N

σmaks =Fmaks

= 351,816318N

σmaks =Fmaks

= 316,736679N

σmaks =Fmaks

= 446,071395N

σmaks =Fmaks

Ao =

446,071395𝑁

xvii

= 343,254807N

σmaks =Fmaks

= 346,667643N

σmaks =Fmaks

= 382,953543N

xviii • 70% PP : 30% HDPE (F2c)

Fmaks = 40,864 x 9,807 N

= 400,753248N

σmaks =Fmaks

= 380,972529N

σmaks =Fmaks

= 351,502494N

σmaks =Fmaks

= 372,695421N

σmaks =Fmaks

Ao =

372,695421𝑁

xix

= 445,659501N

σmaks =Fmaks

= 478,983687N

σmaks =Fmaks

= 362,515755N

xx • 70% PP : 30% HDPE (F2a)

Fmaks = 51,899 x 9,807 N

= 508,973493N

σmaks =Fmaks

= 533,128134N

σmaks =Fmaks

= 508,649862N

σmaks =Fmaks

= 390,534354N

σmaks =Fmaks

Ao =

390,534354𝑁

xxi

= 297,603222N

σmaks =Fmaks

= 342,960597N

σmaks =Fmaks

= 341,852406N

xxii • 80% PP : 20% HDPE (F1b)

Fmaks = 48,542 x 9,807 N

= 476,051394N

σmaks =Fmaks

= 410,050284N

σmaks =Fmaks

= 391,721001N

σmaks =Fmaks

= 385,150311N

σmaks =Fmaks

Ao =

385,150311𝑁

xxiii

= 378,422709N

σmaks =Fmaks

= 382,76721N

σmaks =Fmaks

= 450,63165N

xxiv • 60% PP : 40% HDPE (F3c)

Fmaks = 38,915 x 9,807 N

= 381,639405N

xxv (a)

(b)

(c)

Gambar 4.1 Kurva Load–Stroke

xxvi (a)

(b)

(c)

Gambar 4.2 Kurva Load–Stroke

xxvii (a)

(b)

(c)

Gambar 4.3 Kurva Load–Stroke

xxviii (a)

(b)

(c)

Gambar 4.4 Kurva Load–Stroke

xxix (a)

(b)

(c)

Gambar 4.5 Kurva Load–Stroke

xxx (a)

(b)

(c)

Gambar 4.6 Kurva Load–Stroke

xxxi (a)

(b)

(c)

Gambar 4.7 Kurva Load–Stroke

xxxii (a)

(b)

(c)

Gambar 4.8 Kurva Load–Stroke

xxxiii (a)

(b)

(c)

Gambar 4.9 Kurva Tegangan – Regangan

xxxiv (a)

(b)

(c)

Gambar 4.10 Kurva Tegangan – Regangan

xxxv (a)

(b)

(c)

Gambar 4.11 Kurva Tegangan – Regangan

xxxvi (a)

(b)

(c)

Gambar 4.12 Kurva Load – Stroke