PENGARUH WAKTU HIDROLISIS TERHADAP DERAJAT
KRISTALINITAS SELULOSA DARI KAYU KELAPA SAWIT
(Elais
guinensis Jack)
ABSTRAK
Telah dilakukan penelitian pengaruh waktu hidrolisis terhadap derajat kristalinitas selulosa dari kayu kelapa sawit (Elais guinensis Jack). Selulosa dari kayu kelapa sawit diperoleh dengan cara perlakuan alkali, yaitu dalam aquadest dan penambahan NaOH 2 %. Kemudian dilakukan proses bleaching dengan penambahan NaOCl 2 %, 8 tetes CH3COOH glasial serta dipanaskan pada suhu 60 – 70 0C sambil diaduk selama 1 jam. Residu yang diperoleh ditambahkan HNO3 0,05 N sambil dipanaskan pada suhu 70 0C dan diaduk selama 1 jam. Selulosa yang diperoleh dilarutkan dalam NaOH 17,5 % untuk menghasilkan α – selulosa. Kemudian α – selulosa dihidrolisis menggunakan HCl 2 N dengan variasi waktu hidrolisis 20, 40, dan 60 menit. Analisis gugus fungsi dilakukan dengan FTIR, Hasil uji FTIR menunjukkan selulosa dan α – selulosa dari kayu kelapa sawit mempunyai gugus OH, CH, dan COC dengan cara membandingkan dengan spektrum FTIR dari selulosa standar. Derajat kristalinitas selulosa dan α – selulosa di analisis dengan XRD. Derajat kristalinitas tertinggi diperoleh dengan waktu optimum hidrolisis 40 menit. Nilai tertinngi derajat kristalinitas selulosa dan α – selulosa yaitu 79,538 % dan 80,518 %.
Kata kunci : Derajat kristalinitas, selulosa, kayu kelapa sawit, waktu hidrolisis
THE INFLUENCE OF HYDROLYSIS TIME TOWARDS THE DEGREE
OF CRYSTALLINITY OWNED BY COCONUT PALM WOOD
(Elais
guinensis Jack)
BASED CELLULOSE
ABSTRACT
A research to observe the influence of hydrolysis time towards the degree of crystallinity owned by coconut palm wood (Elais guinensis Jack) based cellulose had been done. This research was carried out into two stages. Cellulose was produced from coconut palm wood by means of alkaly treatment as the first stage within aquadest and addition of NaOH 2 % . for the second stage it was bleached with NaOCl 5 % , 8 – 10 drops of CH3COOH glacial and heated 60 – 70 0C while stirred for an hour. The residue is added with HNO3 0,05 N on the set of temperature 70 0C while stirred for an hour to produced cellulose. After dissolved into NaOH 17,5 % cellulose will yield α – cellulose, which then hydrolized HCl 2 N adding with variation time 20, 40, 60 minutes. Functional group analysis using FTIR. Results coconut palm wood based cellulose and α – cellulose consisted of OH, CH, and COC functional group compared to FTIR spectra of cellulose standard. Degree of crystallinity from cellulose and α – cellulose werw analyzed with XRD. The highest degree of crystallinity of cellulose and α – cellulose are 79,538 % and 80,518 % respectively during 40 minutes hydrolysis reaction time.
Keyword : degree of crystallinity, cellulose, coconut palm wood, hydrolysis time
