Global Health
Global Health*
• an area for study, research, and practice that places a priority on improving health and achieving equity in health for all people
worldwide.
• emphasises transnational health issues, determinants, and solutions;
• involves many disciplines within and beyond the health sciences and promotes interdisciplinary collaboration;
• is a synthesis of population-based prevention with individual-level clinical care.
What do we mean by global health?
an area for study, research, and practice that places a priority on improving health and achieving health equity for all people worldwide
Koplan et al (2009)
health issues that transcend national boundaries and governments and call for actions on the global forces that determine the health of people
Kickbush (2006)
collaborative international research and action for promoting health for all
Beaglehole & Bonita (2010)
worldwide improvement of health, reduction
of disparities, and protection against global threats that disregard national borders
Global health in perspective*
International Sanitary Conferences
L’Offi e Internationale
WHO Constitution (1946)
The attainment by all peoples of the highest possible level of health
The 1st World Health Assembly (1948)
WHO functions:
1. Direction and coordination of international health work 2. Normative functions
The attainment by all peoples by the year 2000 of a level of health that will permit them to lead a socially and
economically productive life.
World Health Assembly voted to freeze
U“ withhold o tri utio to WHO’s
International Code on Breast Milk Substitutes
The Washington Consensus
• Privatization
• Reducing public expenditure
The Commission for
# extreme poor 1981vs. 2001
Global poverty diagnosis
• Poverty trap
– Demographic – Environmental – Climate shocks – Disease
– Price fluctuation
• Economic failure
• Fiscal trap
• Physical geography
• Governance failure
• Cultural barriers
Causes of avoidable mortality
• HIV/AIDS, Malaria and Tuberculosis
– 11.4% DALYs Global
– 31.5% DALYs di Afrika
• Kematian maternal dan perinatal
• Penyakit2x yg bisa dicegah dgn imunisasi • Infeksi saluran pernapasan akut
• Diare
• Malnutrisi – mikronutrien dan KEP • Tembakau
The world is now at the start of the 2009 influenza pandemic...
