362 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM

NO.2075.

FISHES FROM SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA—

GILBERT.

363

face nearlyflat, the cheeks vertical; snout broader than long, little declivous, depressed, subacute; nostril tube single, short, immedi- ately behind the upper lip;

mouth

moderately oblique, distance between angles of

mouth

equal to length of gape; tip ofmaxillary extending nearlytobelow middleofeye; jawsaboutequal, thelower scarcely mcluded within the upper; upper jaw not protractile, the lower

hp

with a frenum; nobarbels; teethallshort, conical, strong;

premaxdlaryteeth anteriorly intwowell-separatedseries,thoseofthe anterior series larger, the posterior series alone continued laterally, but not reaching

much

beyond middle of gape; mandibular teeth

somewhat

larger,

m

a doubleseriesanteriorly,withafewirregularly interposedteethnear symphysis, theposterior seriescontinuedfarther laterally than the anterior series; strong conical teeth in a single seriesonpalatines, these larger than the teeth in the jaws; a single serieson headofvomer,withafewscatteredteethbehindit. Skull firm,nolarge

mucous

channelsor pits inanyofthe bones; a series of largeporesaroundtheeye,onealongmandible andpreopercle,anda seriescurved forward from shoulders across occiput. Gill-openings narrower thanin Bothrocara, the distance between theirlower ends equaling the lengthofthesnout,lessthantwo-thirds the lengthofthe

gill-slit,whichbeginsabovethebaseofthe pectoralandextendswell belowit. Gill-fringesample,in4 pairs, awideslit

behmd

the fourth arch; gill-rakers reduced to httle

more

than papillae, 13 in

number

on outer arch. Pseudobranchiae obsolete.

A

single short, thick pyloriccaecum.

Origin of dorsal fin over middle of pectoral, the fin lower ante- riorly. Dorsal andanal rays slender,once forked near thebase,the posteriorbranchagain forkedatitsmiddle, theanteriorbranchsimple thi'oughout; caudal rays only once forked. Pectorals with broad base,theposterior marginevenly rounded, the length slightly

more

than half head,

more

than one-third the distance from its base to origmofanal; pectoralrays twiceor thrice forked.

Scales small,rounded, nonimbricated and ratherdistant, covering sides of

body

andbasalportionsof verticalfins; the pectoralfinsand the distal portions of vertical fins, the nape and the entire head

scaleless; scales on breast and belly

much

reduced, smaller and partiallyabsorbed.

No

trace of lateralline. Skinon head and

body

notlax, the texture like thatin

Ly

codes; fin

membranes

not thick- ened, except at base.

Inspirits brownishyellow, darker along the back, a broadmargin oftheverticalfins and theentire pectorals translucent. Buccaland branchialcavities whitish, peritoneum slightly dusky. In hfe, the entirefishistingedwithlight rose-red.

Type

140

mm.

long, from station 4421, off San Nicolas Island, depth229to298 fathoms. Onlythetype laiown.

S64 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM.

vol.48.

Apparently closely allied to

Maynea

patagonica, butless robust, with sharper

more

-taperingsnout,

more

posterior insertion of dorsal fin, longer pectoral fin and wider gill-slits. In M. patagonica, the dorsal finhas itsorigin in advanceof the base of thepectoral; the pectoralfinisshort,lessthanone-thhdthe distancebetweenpectoral base and origin ofanalfin; and the gill-slit extends onlyto a point just below themiddle of the pectoralbase.^ M. patagonicaalso is said tohavedeveloped pseudobranchiae.

Maynea

hulhiceps

Garman

isapparently withoutporesonsides of head.

The

figure ofthe type represents the finraysas simple, but ina note kindlycommunicatedto

me by

IVIr.

Garman,

I

am

informed that they are not simple, the median pectoral rays being thrice divided. Gymnelis conorliynchus

Garman

should apparently be referred to

Maynea

ratherthantoGymnelis, thelatterbeing character- ized

by

theentireabsenceofscales. M. conorhynchusseemstohave no pores onhead, the dorsal andanalfinshave lessnumerousrays, while the rays of the pectoral are more numerous than in

M.

calijornica; also, the suborbital ridge is swollen and prominent,

maldng

the

mouth

appear mferior. In other respects it appears closelyrelated to M. calijornica.

LYCOGRAMMA, new genus

(Zoarddae).

A

^deep-seaLycodid, without ventralfins,withwidegill-slitscon- tinued

weU

forward under the throat, the two narrowly separated anteriorly; the bones of head deeply channeled for sensory canals;

the

body

scaled; thelaterallinesdistinct,twoinnumber,theanterior runninghighonsides,parallelwith the back, discontinuedatapoint about one orbital diameter behind the vent; the posteriorline be-

gmning

below and slightly in advance of this point and running alongmiddleofsides tothetail.

Type_ofthegenus.

— Maynea

hrunneaBean.

LYCOGRAMMA BRUNNEA^(Bean).

Plate20,fig.18.

The

followingdescriptionisbasedona specimen271

mm.

in total lengthfromstation4380:

Dorsal, 107 (without caudal); anal, 92; pectoral, 17on eachside;

upperlateral linewith 25pores.

Lengthofhead, 24.5hundredths oftotal length; diameterof eye, 5.3; mterorbital width, 4.5 (bony interorbitalwidth, 3.5); lengthof snout, 7.5; length of maxillary, 10; greatest postocular width of head, 10; distancebetweenfrontendsofgiU-slits, 1.3; distancefrom snout to front ends of giU-slits, 14; greatest depth of body, 15;

»SeeProc. Zool. Soc.London,1881,pi. 2, figs.C andD.

NO.2075.

FISHES FROM SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA—

GILBERT.

365

distancefrom tipof snoutto baseoffirstdorsal ray, 26.6; distance from tip of snout to vent, 40; length of longest dorsal rays, 7.2;

longestanalray, 5;lengthof pectoral. 12.

Body

compressed, sides ofheadvertical,greatestdepthat frontof dorsal; profile of head declines in a straight line from occiput to snout, the profile of the latter rendered concave on account of its

protrudmg terminal portion; end ofsnout vertical. In fresh speci-

mens

theeyes completelyfillthe socketsandthe

mucous

pitsarenot conspicuous. Mandible included, shutting within the outer series of premaxillary teeth.

Mouth

oblique, the vertical from end of maxiUary crossing eye behind its middle. Mandibular teeth in a broad

band

anteriorly, the outer series scarcely enlarged, the

band

rapidly tapering laterally to an irregular single series or a narrow band; premaxiUary teeth consisting ofanouterseries, usually

more

orless enlarged anteriorly, and an innerseries of shorter slenderer teeth directed

downwards

andbaclcwards.

The

twoseriesarewidely separated anteriorly,but convergelaterally, and bothusually reach the angleof themouth.

Both

anteriorlyandposteriorly,smallteeth

may

occur ⁱⁿ greater orless

numbers

between the two rows, thus producing a broad band in front of jaw, andanarrow

band

atthe side. Vomerineteeth in a single seriesor ashortnarrow transverse bandofnot

more

thantwoirregularrows. Palatineteeth

m

^{a single}

series, which is irregular orsometimes even two ranked, the series long,

extendmg

from near

vomer

to opposite angleof mouth; both vomerine and palatine teeth well developed throughout, in

young

aswell as in adults, asstrongasthe premaxillaryteeth.

A

single short nostril tube. GiU-slits continued well forward under throat, separated

by

a narrow isthmus, which is behind the verticalfromposteriormarginoforbitadistancebuthttlelessthan the ocular diameter. Branchiostegals 6. Pseudobranchise

weU

developed, consisting of about 10 filaments. Gill-rakers shortand broad, movable, abruptly curved below the enlarged spinous tip, 3

+

15 innumber.

Body

completelyandrather closelyscaled; scalesonbreast, belly, and nape

much

reduced in size; head naked; anterior portions of dorsaland analfinsenvelopedin thick gelatinoustissue, andscaled almost to their marguis; posteriorly the naked margin widens rapidly, until it embraces the entire height of the fins; pectorals scaledonlyon extreme base.

A

narrow fine of minute close set pores from near upper rim of orbit to posterior line of occiput,thelinecurved, with the convexity outward.

Upper

laterallinebeginningatshoulder,risinggentlyand continued parallelwith back to a short distance behind vent, con- taining25to28pores; lowerlaterallinebegmning on middleofsides immediatelyinfront ofendof upperline, continuedto baseof tail,

thoughfrequently indistinct posteriorly.