ISRUNCH
1. Characteristics of respondents a. Age of the respondents
65 of the illness that comes up from the smoking habit can increase health costs (Mohmand & Sharifi, 2014).
Based on the data got from the working area of Cihaurbeuti health center (Puskesmas) in 2017 that the number of toddlers there were 3.496 toddlers, some of them who suffered ARI were about 522 toddlers (14,9%). Pamokolan village was a village where toddlers who suffered ARI were as many as 98 toddlers (40,0%) from 245 toddlers, compared to other villages. Because of that, the purpose of this research is to know the mother’s attitude who has a toddler who suffered ARI to the smoking husband in the house.
METHODS
Kinds of research that was used was descriptive. This research population were mothers who had toddlers who suffered ARI as many as 42 mothers at Pamokolan Village Cihaurbeuti sub- district Ciamis district on February 2018. Sampling technique used was total sampling that all of the population become research sample. Variable in this research used a single variable that was mother’s attitude who had toddlers who suffered ARI to the smoking husband in the house. The Technique of data collection in this research used data primer that was the data which got directly from the research object. Instrument used in this research was the questionnaire. Questionnaire contained statements in the form that must be filled in by respondents (Notoadmodjo, 2010).
RESULT AND DISCUSSION a. Result
From the data collection of the mother’s attitude who had toddlers who suffered ARI as many as 49 mothers in Pamokolan Village Cihaurbeuti sub-district Ciamis on June 2017, it was obtained an analysis as follows:
1. Characteristics of respondents
66 Based on Table 2 it is known that majority of respondents are elementary school as many as 20 mothers (40,8%)
c. Kinds of Respondent’s work
Table 3 Frequency Distribution of respondent’s kinds of work who had toddlers of ARI Mother’s work F %
House wife 40 81,6%
Career 9 18,4%
Total 49 100%
Based on Table 3 it is known that majority of respondents don’t have career or as house wife (81,6%)
2. Univariate Analysis
Table 4 Frequency Distribution of mother’s attitude who had toddlers of ARI to the smoking husband in the house
Mother’s attitude frequency percentage
positive 27 55,1%
negative 22 44,9%
Total 49 100%
Based on the table 4 it is known that mother’s attitude who had toddlers of ARI to the smoking husband in the house is 27 respondents (55,1%) have positive attitude, and 22 respondents (44,9%) have negative attitude.
DISCUSSION
Attitude is a reaction or respons that is given from someone to an object or stimulus (Webber, 2015). Attitude shows that there is suitability of reaction or rejection of the stimulus (Verbeke et al., 2015). The Attitude in daily life is a reaction emotionally to the social stimulus (Harley, 2016).
Research result showed that mother’s attitude who had toddlers of ARI to the smoking husband in the house is 27 respondents (55,1%) have the positive attitude, and 22 respondents (44,9%) have the negative attitude. This was becaused of the low education of mother who had toddlers of ARI with the majority of them got elementary school education as many as 20 respondents (40,8%).
Level education of someone will impact someone’s awareness and attitude in understanding the importance of health. Someone will tend to have a better knowledge and understanding about the importance of health if he/she has the higher level of formal education (Mocan & Altindang, 2013).
Beside that, mother who lets her husband smokes in the house has various reasons, such as the less knowledge about the negative effect of smoking and respects of the husband’s freedom.
CONCLUSION
Based on the analysis result it is got a conclusion that mother’s who had toddlers of ARI had a positive attitude to the smoking husband in the house. From 49 respondents, mothers who
67 had toddlers of ARI 27 respondents (55,1%) have positive attitude, and 22 respondents (44,9%) have negative attitude.
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69 THE RELATIONSHIP OF MOTHER'S KNOWLEDGE LEVEL OF EDUCATIVE
GAME TOOLS WITH LEVEL OF SOFT MOTOR SKILL DEVELOPMENT IN PRESCHOOL CHILDREN
Ade Fitriani1, Aap Apipudin1, Jatnika Yogiswara1, Suhanda1, Henri Setiawan1
1 STIKes Muhammadiyah Ciamis Correspondence
Address : Jln. KH. Ahmad Dahlan No 20 Ciamis 46216 Email : [email protected] CP:
+6822-1785-1581 ABSTRACT
Background: Soft motor skill development is very important for early childhood, especially children playing groups and kindergartens. Educational game tool is a game tool that can provide optimal function of the game and child development, through this game the child will always be able to develop soft motor skill.
Method: The method in this study is quantitative analysis using a cross sectional approach that the data collection collected at one time. The population in this study is all students in RA Rohmawiyah Banjarsari, Ciamis Regency, in 2017-2018 school years of 4-6 years old children. There are 32 people involving in this study. Sampling in this study uses total sampling.
Result: The result shows that the mother's knowledge of educative game tools was mostly in the category of 19 people (59.4%), soft motor skill development in preschool children (4-6 years) mostly in the category of deviation of 18 people (56.2%), and
Conclution: there is a significant relationship between mother’s knowledge level of educational games with the level of soft motor skill development in preschool children (4-6 years) because the value of α> ρ value (0.05> 0,000) and chi square (χ2) count> chi square (χ2) table (28,266> 9,488).
Keyword: Knowledge, Educative game tools, Soft motor skill developmet
70 INTRODUCTION
Playing is an activity where children can do or practice skills, express their thinking, become creative, prepare themselves to play a role and behave being adult as an activity that provides a stimulation in abilities, skills, cognitive and affective, so guidance is needed, remember playing for children is a need for themselves as other needs (Alimul A, 2012). Playing is not just about filling time, but it is a child's need such as eating, care, love. Children need various variations of play for their physical, mental health and emotional development (Soetjiningsih, 2012).
The theory of child development according to Freud, Erikson, Kohlberg, Piaget, Gesell and his colleagues says that development takes place through a number of stages and can be predicted (Hurlock, 2010). In child development, there is a critical period, where useful stimulation is needed to develop potential, so it needs attention. Childhood is an important period in child development, because at this time the basic growth that will affect and determine the development of the next child. In infancy, the development of language skills, creativity, social awareness, economy and intelligence runs very fast and is the cornerstone of the next development. Moral development and the foundations of personality are also formed at this time, So that any abnormality or slightest deviation if it is not detected especially not handled properly, it will reduce the quality of human resources later on (Soetjiningsih, 2012).
Children aged 4–6 years are the age where children are able to develop creativity and socialization so that games are needed that can develop the ability to equalize and differentiate, language skills, develop motor coordination, develop emotional control, gross and soft motor skill, introduce scientific understanding and introducing an atmosphere of competition and mutual cooperation. Therefore, the types of suitable games for children of this age are objects around the house, picture books, children's magazines, drawing tools, paper to learn to fold and cut (Alimul A, 2012).
Children's motor development depends on the stimulation that is given by the mother as the closest person to the child. Therefore, mothers need to have sufficient knowledge and skills in providing stimulation to their children, so that children's motor development will be more optimal.
Motoric is important in children's development, because it can be trained. For example, children who have got lack motor development. It is usually caused by the lacking of environmental stimulation. Writing exercises, drawing for example can be done by motoric training.
(Soetjiningsih, 2012).
Motor development is very important for early childhood, especially for children in play groups and kindergartens. Actually the assumption of motor development will develop automatically with the increasing of their age is a false assumption. Children’s motoric development is needed to help by educators in educational institutions and parents. Therefore motor development is as important as other development aspects for preschoolers. (Muhibbin Shah, 2013).
Educational game tool is a game tool that can provide optimal function of the game and child development. Through this game, the child will always be able to develop soft motor skills.
In the use of this educational game tool, it is often found that the people do not understand the type of game because many parents buy games regardless of the type of use that is able to develop soft motor skill aspects. Thus, sometimes the price is expensive, but it is not suitable to the child's age and the type of game is same. One of the educative game tools that can stimulate the development
71 of cognitive aspects is the introduction of size, shape and color. Before giving a game to children, parents should know the intent and purpose of the game to be given to find out more about children's development (Hidayat, 2008).
Stimulate child development as early as possible by using educational games. Children who get directed and regular stimulation will develop faster than children who lack or do not get stimulation. Providing stimulation to a child's development is more effective if it suits to the needs according to the child's development stage. Therefore, parents need to know the importance of stimulation and how to provide effective stimulation to children. It is because many families at this time who provide games, they do not match it with the stage of child development. (Soetjiningsih, 2012).
Parents should have knowledge about how to provide the right stimulation to their children, especially about the types of game equipment and their uses, so the functions of the game equipment will be more perfect. By knowing the typical character of children's play patterns, it will affect parents in understanding of children's needs to the children’s game tools. Most of children who are suspected of getting developmental failure in the social and motoric personal sectors are caused by parents who rarely even teaching their children. They tend to let their children develop as they are, and rarely even interact and provide stimulation to their children due to busy parents (Soetjiningsih, 2012).
The impact that might occur if educative game tools administration is not fulfilled. The process of child development is not optimal. The amount of potential in children cannot be used.
Therefore mothers need to be given information about educational games. This information can be obtained from reading books, watching TV, dan seminars or counseling about educative game tool to teachers, "Adequate knowledge centers" (Mulyawan A, 2013).
Based on a preliminary survey dated February 2nd, 2018 that was conducted in RA Rohmawiyah Banjarsari, Ciamis Regency, from 15 mothers, 10 mothers (66.7%) did not know about educational games and 5 mothers (33.3%) knew educational tools. From the 10 mothers who did not know about educational games, 2 mothers (20%) who have late soft motor skill development children is lack of hand eye coordination, playing-using small objects, and drawing, while gross motoric development and language had been appropriate for the age of the child.
Therefore, research on the relationship of the level of knowledge of mothers to soft motor skill development in pre-school children needs to be done.
METHODOLOGY
This study is a quantitative analytical study with a cross sectional approach. This study involved 32 samples and used the total sampling technique.
In this study, independent data collection and dependent variables were carried out simultaneously based on the status of the situation at that time (data collection). It is the relationship of the mother's knowledge level about educational games with the level of soft motor skill development in preschool children (4-6 years). The measurement results are presented in the form of a frequency distribution table and a cross table (cross tab).
RESULT 1. Data Analysis
72 a. Univariate Analysis
1) The description of mother's knowledge about educational games in RA Rohmawiyah Banjarsari, Ciamis Regency
Table 1
Frequency Help Learning Indonesian Language about Educational Game Tools No Category F %
1. Good 8 25,0
2. Enough 5 15,6
3. Low 19 59,4
Total 32 100
Based on table 1, it is known that ,the mother's knowledge of educational games in RA Rohmawiyah Banjarsari Ciamis Regency, the highest frequency is in the category of 19 people (59.4%), and the lowest frequency is 5 people (15.6%).
2) The description of soft motor skill development in preschool children (4-6 years) in RA Rohmawiyah Banjarsari, Ciamis Regency
Table 2
Frequency Distribution of Soft Motor Skill Development in Preschool Children
No Category F %
1. Appropriate 10 31,3
2. Doubt 4 12,5
3. Deviation 18 56,2
Total 32 100
Based on table 4.7, it is known that soft motor skill development in preschoolers (4-6 years) in RA Rohmawiyah Banjarsari, Ciamis Regency, the highest frequency is 18 in deviations (56.3%), and the lowest frequency is 4 people in doubt ( 12.5%).
b. Bivariate Analysis Table 3
The Relationship of Mother's Knowledge Level About Educational Game Tools with Soft motor skill Development Levels in Preschool Children
Moher’s knwledge about Educational Game Tools
Soft Motor skill Developmet
Total ρ
value χ2count
Appropria
te Doubt Deviation
F % F % F % F %