CHAPTER III RESEARCH METHOD RESEARCH METHOD
B. Discussion
the target score of the KKM 70 because no student exceeded the KKM.
The researcher enumerated the means score beforehand:
Then, the researcher also enumerated the percentage of students who passed the KKM:
X 100%
X 100%
The total number of students who passed the KKM was 22 students or 95,65% while the mean score was 90,87. On the other hand, the total number of students who could not pass the KKM was only 1 student or 4,35% as the percentage score. The speaking score reached the criteria of success in this research and the research finished, see in chapter 3. The result of the speaking test proved that the use of stick puppets had worked well to improve students’ speaking skill.
through stick puppets could improve students’ speaking skills in describing people's physical appearance of the stick puppets. The students’
speaking scores could be seen, which gradually improved after using stick puppets. The preliminary data showed that the students' mean score reached 16,08 and the percentage score that reached the minimum decided by the school was 0%, which meant that all of the students could not pass the KKM. The preliminary data proved that the students’ speaking ability was low in describing people's physical appearances. The students have limited vocabulary memorizing, pronunciation, and grammar which is caused by what they just learned in junior high school.
Based on the result of the speaking test after using stick puppets as a media, the students speaking scores improved. This was proven by improving students’ speaking test scores on students’ mean scores and total students who passed the minimum score. The speaking test calculated that the mean score reached 90,86 with a percentage was 95,65% or 22 students passed the minimum score.
The use of stick puppets had a good response from the students in the classroom. The students were active learning using stick puppets by answering what the researcher asked. The statement was proven by the result of the Post questionnaire that showed 91,30% or 21 students were active learning using stick puppets. Besides, the students were very active when they memorized the vocabulary learned by pronouncing it repeatedly till they memorized it well. Moreover, the students were very active when
the researcher stimulated the vocabulary learned by using stick puppets.
All of the students answered it in a loud voice. The students actively guessed the artist's name on the stick puppets showed due to a few students struggling to remember the artist’s name. On the other hand, the students used to see and show the stick puppets of the other friends and it showed that the students were really interesting and enthusiastic about using sick puppets. The students looked very happy and enjoyed learning using stick puppets. This result supported the research written by Mardiana that using puppets play is effective in teaching speaking skills in the tenth grade, they were active, happy, interesting, and enjoyed learning to speak by using puppets play.71
The students showed good results on the psychological aspect of using stick puppets in the classroom. The students were confident practicing their speaking by describing people's physical appearances using stick puppets. This statement corresponds to the result of the post questionnaire, the students were confident learning using stick puppets with a percentage of 86,95% or 20 students.72 It showed that in the 1st – 3rd meeting, the students presented describing people's physical appearances using stick puppets confidently in the classroom. This statement supported the research findings by Astuti, the use of stick puppet gave a positive
71 Mardiana, “Teaching Speaking Skills by Using Puppet Play,” 71
72 Students’ Post-Questionnaire, May 18, 2022
effect on the students confidence, students’ enthusiasm, and the students excitement.73
The use of stick puppets helped students to describe the physical appearance of the stick puppets because the students saw and held the real object. Based on the result of the post-questionnaire, the students responded that stick puppets helped students to think creatively in describing people's physical appearances with a percentage of 91,30% or 21 students.74 Stick puppets also eased students to get ideas in describing people's physical appearance because the students held the real object to be observed. These statements supported the previous study written by Hasanah, that stick puppets gave a positive effect to get ideas in describing people's physical appearance.
Concerning their ability in speaking, the students’ vocabulary memorization was remarkably improved. The students memorized the vocabulary of describing people's physical appearances very well. The students learned the vocabulary through the examples of stick puppets to strengthen deep student memorization. The researcher measured whether the students have learned or not by randomly giving them the stick puppets. The use of stick puppets enriched students’ vocabulary memorizing and made the students easier to learn the vocabulary. It is supported by Post-interview with an English teacher that from “nothing, it becomes something”, it meant the students have really low vocabulary,
73 Yuli Astuti, “Elevating Speaking Skill through Stick Puppet Role play,” 126-144, 2021.
74 Students’ Post Questionnaire, May 18, 2022
and after using stick puppet they can speak because they have reached vocabulary memorizing.75 This statement supported the research finding by Lubis that the stick puppet media can improve students’ vocabulary mastery at grade VII-A of SMP Negeri 3 Batang Natal.76
The students’ pronunciation improved because they used to practice their speaking by describing people’s physical appearances in the classroom. The students have a chance to practice their speaking and get correction from the researcher and from the other friends. By using stick puppet, the students have more chance to give response and opinion to the stick puppet shown by the researcher. Students were very enthusiasm to pronounce the vocabulary learned and practiced it by describing the people’s physical appearances using stick puppet. As well known, pronunciation is important to be acquired when learning speaking because pronunciation is about making sure you sound the words clear to make the listener easier to understand your speaking. By that, the students were very active to pronounce the vocabulary learned. Using the correct sounds when you speak allows others to quickly understand what you are trying to say.77 The finding supported Widodo research that puppet performance is
75 Fitriyana Ika Y, Post-Interview, May 19, 2022
76 Lenni Lubis, “Improving Vocabulary Mastery by Using Puppet Media,” 74.
77 “Using Good Pronunciation Helps Other Understand You More Quickly,” ASC English, https://www.ascenglish.com/blog/2020/12/the-benefits-of-improving-your-pronunciation-when- learning-english -as-a-second-language/
effective to improve students’ pronunciation because the students can pronounce the words more accurately.78
Hence, the use of stick puppet also improved students’
grammatical understanding. It showed that, the students speaking score in grammar aspects were good; the students could describe the stick puppets’
physical appearances with correct grammar. Students practiced describing people’s physical appearance of the stick puppet with students understood about the grammar used for describing people’s physical appearances using stick puppet. When the researcher stimulated the students using stick puppets; they answered it using grammatical structures. They described the stick puppets’ physical appearances using a complete sentence, not only mentioning the vocabulary itself. Therefore, in the speaking test, students were easy to describe the physical appearances with a correct grammatical formula. As well known, correct grammar is the key to speak English fluently and confidently. Knowing your grammar will help you avoid errors that make your English sound strange to native speaker.79
However, the use of stick puppets to improve students’ speaking skills had advantages and disadvantages. During teaching and learning using stick puppets, the researcher found the advantages of using stick puppets were, that it could make students active in the classroom, help
78 Sapto Widodo, “Improving Students’ Pronunciation Through Hand Puppets Performance At The Fourth Year Students of SDN 1 Gebyog, Karanganyar” (Skripsi, Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta, 2008), 43
79 Mariawoodford. “The Importance of English Grammar: When It Matters (And Three Rules You Can’t Ignore).” English Language and Culture Blog, June 4, 2022.
https://www.fluentu.com/blog/english/englis-grammar-important/
students to describe because the students saw and hold the real objects of the stick puppets, and interested students to practice which improved students’ speaking. Based on the post questionnaire, 91,30% or 21 students were motivated and stick puppet helped students to improve their speaking skill. This result supported research journal by Tavriyanti stated that the advantages of stick puppets were the development of language aspect for junior high school, students were motivated to be active, it made students easier to give responses and opinion, and the students were easier to understand, memorize, remember the vocabulary and avoid misunderstanding because students see the object directly.
On the contrary, using stick puppets in improving students speaking skills has also disadvantages in the classroom. The research realized those stick puppets made the teacher feel drained of energy because students stimulated the students with questions too deep into students’ understanding and make students practice by giving their responses and opinion. This disadvantage supported Setiawati's research using stick puppets that makes the teacher easy to feel tired because the teacher must practice with directly to students.80
Based on the discussion explanation above, the use of stick puppet to improve students’ speaking skill was fully successful. It proved the students’ speaking score has reached the criteria success of this research. The stick puppets could improve students’ speaking skills
80 Setiawati, “Using Stick Puppets as Media to Increase the Children Vocabulary,” p.265.
because stick puppets could make them learn vocabulary related to adjectives used for describing people’s physical appearances and stimulate students’ memorizing by randomly showing stick puppets. On the other hand, the students have to choose one of the stick puppets and described the stick puppets’ physical appearances; it made students have chance to practice and correcting the other students presenting the stick puppets. So, it improved students’ pronunciation and grammar because they used to practice it in the classroom. Thus, stick puppet also gave improvement on the students’ psychological aspect, the students were really interesting, motivated, enjoy, active, confidence, and not sleepy learning using stick puppet.81
81 See Appendix 6 (Students’ Post Questionnaire)
92 CHAPTER V
CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTION A. Conclusion
As a result of research obtained, Classroom Action Research has been conducted in one cycle consisting of 3 meetings and 1 meeting for the post-test. The result pointed out that the use of stick puppets could improve students’ speaking skills in the the seventh-graders’ A of SMP Negeri 1 Bantaran students speaking score improvement. Based on the research findings, it can be explained that after the use of stick puppets in classroom action research the students who passed the KKM was 95,65%
or 22 students which means the only one student who cannot achieve the KKM with a percentage of 90,86 which showed highly improvement on students’ speaking achievement. Thus, the post-test in cycle 1 has already exceeded the criteria of success in this research. The aspects of speaking that improve after using a stick puppet was vocabulary, pronunciation, grammar, and content.