CHAPTER III RESEARCH METHOD RESEARCH METHOD
D. Validation of data
Content Validity E. Criteria of
success:
This research will be successful if:
1. First, students’
average
achievement in
common
vocabularies and grammar learned.
8) The students have to describe the physical appearance of the stick puppets they chose in front of the class.
9) Both teacher and students concluded the material.
speaking test is equal to higher than minimum score by the school that is 70.
Second, students’
individual score is higher 20 scores from previous test (pre-test).
2. Students reach either the minimum score 70 or 20 scores higher from pre-test are equal to or higher that 60%
of the total students’ in the research.
Appendix 2
CLASSROOM ACTION RESEARCH SCHEDULE
No. Date Activities Time
1. Sunday, February 28, 2022
Preliminary study (Observation)
08.00 – 09.00
2. Tueday, March 10, 2022
Teachers’ Pre- Interview
08.00 – 08.45
3. Saturday, March 12, 2022
Students’ Pre- Questionnaire
09.00 – 09.20
4. Monday, March 14, 2022
Pre-test 08.45 – 09.00
5. Monday, March 21, 2022
1st meeting (cycle 1) 08.00 – 09.00
6. Monday, March 28, 2022
2nd meeting (cycle 1) 08.00 – 09.00
7. Wednesday, May 11, 2022
3rd meeting (cycle 1) 08.30 – 09.30
8. Wednesday, May 18, 2022
Post-test (cycle 1) 08.30 – 09.30
9. Wednesday, May 18, 2022
Students’ Post- Questionnaire
08.30 – 09.30
10. Thursday, May 19, 2022
Teacher Post- Interview
09.30 – 10.00
Appendix 3
The Result of The English Teacher’s Pre-Interview before Classroom Action Research (CAR)
Interviewer Interviewee Profession Day, Date Time Place
: Luluk Wahyuni : Fitriyana Ika Y, SS : English Teacher
: Tuesday, March 10, 2022 : 09.00 – 09.20
: Teacher Office (R = Researcher, T = Teacher)
The Script of Pre-Interview with English Teacher R : Good morning Miss Fitri?
T : Good morning Luluk.
R : How are you today mom?
T : I am pretty good.
R : Before I do my research, I would like to ask questions related to teaching and learning process exactly in first year A students of SMPN 1 Bantaran. For 4 aspects of speaking, which one is the most difficult to be mastered by students?
T : Speaking, because English as foreign language and my students were the beginner of English who learned just in junior high school.
R : so, the students faced difficulities to speak English bu?
T : Students’ speaking skill in my class exactly at the seventh A (VIIA), I cannot say that students speaking ability cannot be categorized as standard but it is still really low. Because I think speaking is one of the higher levels of English competency than reading, writing and listening, but listening and speaking are little bit have the same levels of difficulties. The seventh A (VIIA) grade students have little bit low in speaking, but it doesn’t mean that they lose their hope to improve their speaking skill, but it depends on the teacher to stimulate the students. Insyallah, it can.
R : From the questionnaire result that I get, many students answered that they are really the beginner of English learners because in the elementary school they don’t get any English lesson. What do you think about that mom?
T : Yeah, that becomes our weakness, because in elementary school they don’t have any English class. It means that, they come to junior high school, they don’t have any abilities at all in English for four competences in English. For all the aspects competences they don’t
master it at all. Maybe, they just know about the standard thing that they can found in the internet like YouTube such as like, subscribe, followers etc. Sometimes, they get it from the game like Mobile Legend such as push, welcome to, etc.
R : What about students’ Minimum Mastery Criteria or KKM Mom?
T : The students’ average score is under minimal mastery level criterion (KKM) mostly under 50. Perhaps, the score is 40 or 30. We cannot do it straightly but I combined it with students’ confidence to practice their speaking.
R : What are the difficulties that you face to improve students’ speaking skill?
T : They mostly use their mother tongue that is Madurese language which is very hard for me. If only they use Indonesia, it will be easier for me to introduce new language, because it is talking about two languages.
But in this class, we are talking about 3 languages such as Madurese language, Indonesia language, and English. Can you imagine how hard for us, but we can blame anyone because English is our mother tongue but it is just our foreign language.
R : Yes mom, and what do you think their vocabularies? Have they already mastered the vocabularies itself?
T : What I say before that they learn their vocabularies from the game and internet. So it is really low, but they just know it without they know the writing. For the example like they say “Subscribe” but they don’t know the writing.
R : What are the methods that you have already used to improve students’
speaking skill?
T : Okay, the method for me that I classify about the material in small class. When we are talking about the things around us in the classroom, I mention it real, I make it real, and I mention it over like we can see the whiteboard in this class, we can see the pens something like that. Also, I teach them to use dictionaries manually, in order they are able to use dictionaries manually rather that online dictionary application. In online dictionary application they just type the word and the meaning will appear instantly. But, using dictionary manually, they have to find with the process finding the mining of the word. It is more interesting using dictionary manually rather than online dictionary application. The method I used just group discussion, drill, repetition.
R : Do you ever used such media in teaching and learning process?
T : Yes, I ever. I used to apply media in online learning such as YouTube, google classroom, maps, Canva editing application, but not for face to face learning. In covid-19 pandemic during 3 years, I have already used mobile application for my media in teaching English. As you see, I have just 2 medias for face to face learning such as emoticon expression for sad, happy, cry etc. and profession flashcard like doctor, teacher, police etc. The students’ response was good, they are
really happy when I apply that media. I am still looking for new media to be used in face to face after online learning in Covid-19 pandemic.
R : Do you ever know about stick puppet in teaching and learning process?
T : I have ever heard that media, but I have never use it in my class. It is very good, spectacular that you can use it in improving students’
speaking ability by using the media stick puppet. it is very nice.
Appendix 4
The Result of The English Teacher’s Post-Interview After Classroom Action Research (CAR)
Interviewer Interviewee Profession Day, Date Time Place
: Luluk Wahyuni : Fitriyana Ika Y, SS : English Teacher
: Thursday, May 19, 2022 : 09.30 – 10.00
: Teachers’ Office (R = Researcher, T = Teacher)
The Script of Post-Interview with English Teacher R : Assalamua’laikum Warahmatullahi Wabarakatuh T : Waalaikumsalam Warahmatullahi Wabarakatuh R : Hello mom, how are you today?
T : I’m fine, and you?
R : I’m fine too mom. I would like to say thank you very much for your feedbacks, comments, opinions, to my thesis till I have already finished my research.
T : you’re welcome.
R : I have some questions related to my thesis after implementing stick puppet media. First question, what do you think about the use of stick puppet for improving students speaking skill at seventh-grade Astudents of SMPN 1 Bantaran mom?
T : Okay, as the teacher of seventh A students, I have already done various strategy and media in teaching them about to describe something. And this is very the new one, I mean that after a long time the pandemic we used the online class and the we now we use offline classes. Then, thanks to you that we have some experiences for using stick puppet for describing people physical appearances. So, I think that the use of the stick puppet as the media is very efficient, effective in teaching descriptive text for seventh A students. Thanks, miss Luluk.
R : Do you feel that the students feel interested and motivated learning using stick puppet?
T : I asked some students about their experience using the media of stick puppet. How do you think and feel when you take the lesson by using stick puppet media? Do you feel happy, glad? Because we have to know the students feeling, we can see directly from the class, which
one is happy, lazy, and sleepy, we have to know it well for about 3 minutes before you start the lesson to know students’ psychology condition. So, when I asked them after they enjoying your classes that I show, I asked them “how do you feel with Miss Luluk’s class by using the stick puppet media and they said “it’s really interesting, helpful to know and understand describing people which one is thin, fat, handsome, beautiful, it’s really helpful mom because we can directly by using the stick puppet that show by miss Luluk”. That is good.
R : I’m really happy to hear that mom, thank you. We can see from the pre-test score result was really low, and the result of post-test shows the significant improvement to improve students’ speaking skill mom.
T : In the pre-test, we show that they are very low score, 25, 10, 20 even they have only 15, 10. For the second test that we can call as post-test, we show that the score is very high, they are 100, 95, 80, 75, 65 as the lowest score. That is good, it shows good progress, I mean that from no nothing, they become something.
R : Do you want to try to use stick puppet for teaching and learning process?
T : Yes, I will. Because you know that for the next semester, I have to teach seventh grade students again, that means that I can use the stick puppet for my class to teach about descriptive text. So, I will learn much from you how to use it, how about this game using stick puppet, the class actions.
R : I would like to give you my stick puppet mom.
T : Thank you for that, I am really happy to know new media such stick puppet.
Appendix 5
Students’ Open-Ended Questionnaire Result (Pre-Questionnaire)
Berikan penilaian Anda pada pernyataan berikut dengan memberikan tanda Checklist (√) pada kolom penelitian. Jawablah beberapa pernyataan dibawah ini dengan jujur berdasarkan pengalaman Anda belajar Bahasa Inggris.
Statements Yes No
1. Apakah Anda suka bahasa Inggris? 11 students (47,8%)
12 students (52,2%) 2. Apakah Anda bisa berbicara
menggunakan bahasa inggris?
0 students (0%)
23 students (100%) 3. Apakah Anda merasakan kesulitan
untuk berbicara bahasa inggris?
19 students (82,6%)
4 students (17,4%) 4. Apakah belajar bahasa inggris
menyenangkan?
14 students (60,99%)
9 students (39,1%) 5. Apakah belajar bahasa inggris
membosankan?
8 students (34,8%)
15 students (65,2%) 6. Apakah Anda mempraktekkan
berbicara bahasa inggris di kelas?
16 students (69,6%)
7 students (30,4%) 7. Apakah Anda menyukai belajar
bahasa inggris yang menyenangkan?
22 students (95,7%)
A student (4,3%) 8. Apakah Anda menyukai belajar
bahasa inggris menggunakan media pembelajaran?
17 students (73,9%)
6 students (26,1%)
9. Apakah yang membuat Anda sulit untuk berbicara bahasa inggris?
Jelaskan Answer:
10. Pembelajaran seperti apa yang Anda inginkan agar meningkatkan ketrampilan berbicara dalam Bahasa Inggris? Jelaskan!
Appendix 6
Students’ Closed-Ended Questionnaire Result (Post-Questionnaire)
Berikan penilaian Anda pada pernyataan berikut dengan memberikan tanda Checklist (√) pada kolom penelitian. Jawablah beberapa pernyataan dibawah ini dengan jujur berdasarkan pengalaman belajar Bahasa Inggris.
No. Statements Yes No
1. Belajar berbicara bahasa inggris menggunakan stick puppet sangat menyenangkan
23 students
(100%)
-
2. Belajar berbicara bahasa inggris menggunakan stick puppet sangat membosankan
- 23
students (100%) 3. Saya percaya diri (confident) belajar
berbicara bahasa inggris menggunakan stick puppet
3 students (13,04%)
20 students (86,95%) 4. Saya malu menggunakan stick puppet 3 students
(13,04%)
20 students (86,95%) 5. Saya selalu aktif dalam proses belajar
menggunakan stick puppet
21 students (91,30%)
2 students (8,69%) 6. Belajar berbicara bahasa inggris
menggunakan boneka tangan membuat saya kesulitan.
- 23
students (100%) 7. Saya termotivasi untuk berbicara bahasa
inggris menggunakan stick puppet
21 students (91,30%)
2 students (8,69%) 8. Saya sangat terbantu menggunakan stick
puppet untuk berbicara bahasa inggris.
21 students
2 students
(91,30%) (8,69%) 9. Stick puppet membantu saya untuk berfikir
terampil (creative)
21 students (91,30%)
2 students (8,69%) 10. Belajar menggunakan stick puppet
membuat saya mengantuk.
1 student (4,34%)
22 students (95,65%)
The Result of Teacher’s Field Note
Observation Field notes using Stick Puppet Media in teaching and learning process.
Class : VII A
Subject/ Topic : Descriptive text (Describing People Physical Apperance) Cycle/ Meeting : 1/ 1st meeting
Day/ Date : Monday, March 21, 2022
Time : 08.00 – 09.00
Researcher : Luluk Wahyuni
Descriptive Notes Reflective Notes
- The students really excited using stick puppet.
- The students really have limited adjectives memorizing to describe people physical appearance of the stick puppet.
The students just knew the English of “Cantik” Beautiful.
- The researcher instructed the students to structure the sentence of “Dia Perempuan Cantik” but most students do not know to structure the sentence with the correct grammatical.
- The students are really active in the classroom in mentioning the physical appearance of the stick puppet in Bahasa.
- The researcher gives the example of describing people physical appearance perfectly to give basic understanding how to describe the physical appearance using stick puppet for the next meeting.
- Give basic vocabularies for the 2nd meeting.
- Pronounce the vocabularies firstly to students, then order the students to repeat what the researcher pronounced.
- Drill the vocabularies till the students memorized.
- Introduce a grammar form using the vocabularies
memorized by the students to make students are easier to understand.
- Design the material with well preparation including to the vocabularies and the grammar used.
The Result of Teacher’s Field Note
Observation Field notes using Stick Puppet Media in teaching and learning process.
Class : VII A
Subject/ Topic : Descriptive text (Describing People Physical Apperance) Cycle/ Meeting : 1/ 2nd meeting
Day/ Date : Monday, March 28, 2022
Time : 08.00 – 09.00
Researcher : Luluk Wahyuni
Descriptive Notes Reflective Notes
- The researcher delivered the material very well.
- The researcher organized the students’ very well.
- Students really excited using stick puppet.
- The students really have fighting spirit to pronounce the vocabularies.
- The students memorized the vocabularies very fast.
- The researcher explains the grammar very simple which makes students easier to understand.
- The students are really active in the classroom in mentioning the physical appearance of the stick puppet using the vocabularies learned.
- Don’t need to instruct students to present in front of the class because it spent much time to order students to come forward, just instruct students to present the stick puppet by standing around the desk to avoid wasting time.
- The researcher needs to review the previous material learned by students to avoid forgetting the material learned.
The Result of Teacher’s Field Note
Observation Field notes using Stick Puppet Media in teaching and learning process.
Class : VII A
Subject/ Topic : Descriptive text (Describing People Physical Apperance) Cycle/ Meeting : 1/ 3rd meeting
Day/ Date : Monday, May 11, 2022
Time : 08.30 – 09.30
Researcher : Luluk Wahyuni
Descriptive Notes Reflective Notes
- No comment, the class managed very well
- The researcher did every teacher’s reflective notes written in the previous meeting.
- Great job.
Teacher’s Observation Sheet
Class : VII A
Subject/ Topic : Descriptive text (Describing People Physical Apperance) Cycle/ Meeting : 1/ 1st meeting
Day/ Date : Monday/ March 21, 2022
Time : 08.00 – 09.00
Researcher : Luluk Wahyuni
Please give a check list (√) based on your observation below:
Activities Observed in Teaching and Learning Do? Grade Yes No 1 2 3 4 A. Opening
1. The researcher does apperception. √ √
2. The researcher gives motivation to the students.
√ √
3. The researcher gives brainstorming √ √
4. The researcher explains the purpose of study.
√ √
B. Whilst teaching (Implementing)
1. The researcher explains the material that is descriptive text (describing people’s physical apperances).
√ √
2. The researcher gives common vocabulary related to descriptive text (describing people’s physical apperances).
√ √
3. The researcher guides the students to pronounce and memorize the vocabulary
√ √
4. The researcher explains grammatical form used in descriptive text (describing people’s physical apperances).
√ √
5. The researcher gives the example of describing people through stick puppet
√ √
6. The researcher motivates students to
practice their speaking using stick puppet √ √ 7. The researcher stimulates with some
questions to encourage students to practice their speaking.
√ √
C. Closing
1. The researcher gives conclusion based on the material learned descriptive text (describing people’s physical apperances).
√ √
The researcher asks students’
understanding. √ √
3. The researcher gives students’ motivation. √ √ 4. The researcher informs the material for the
next meeting
√ √
Students’ Observation Sheet Students’ Participation in teaching and
learning process
Grade
1 2 3 4
1. Students practice what researcher instructs to them.
√
2. The students are active in the classroom. √ 3. Students ask question to researcher to deep
their understanding.
√ 4. The students are motivated to practice
using stick puppet.
√ 5. The students are confident to practice their
speaking using stick puppet.
√ 6. The students use sticks puppet media as
well.
√ 7. Stick puppet stimulates students’
imagination and creativity √
8. Stick puppet helps students to describe the
physical appearance. √
Teacher’s Observation Sheet
Class : VII A
Subject/ Topic : Descriptive text (Describing People Physical Apperance) Cycle/ Meeting : 1/ 2nd meeting
Day/ Date : Monday/ March 28, 2022
Time : 08.00 – 09.00
Researcher : Luluk Wahyuni
Please give a check list (√) based on your observation below:
Activities Observed in Teaching and Learning Do? Grade Yes No 1 2 3 4 A. Opening
1. The researcher does apperception. √ √
2. The researcher gives motivation to the students.
√ √
3. The researcher gives brainstorming √ √
4. The researcher explains the purpose of study.
√ √
B. Whilst teaching (Implementing)
1. The researcher gives common vocabulary related to describing people’s physical apperances.
√ √
2. The researcher guides the students to pronounce and memorize the vocabulary
√ √
3. The researcher explains grammatical form used in descriptive text (describing people’s physical apperances).
√ √
4. The researcher gives the example of describing people through stick puppet
√ √
5. The researcher motivates students to
practice their speaking using stick puppet √ √ 6. The researcher stimulates with some
questions to encourage students to practice their speaking.
√ √
C. Closing
1. The researcher gives conclusion based on the material learned descriptive text (describing people’s physical apperances).
√ √
2. The researcher asks students’
understanding.
√ √
3. The researcher gives students’ motivation. √ √
The researcher informs the material for the
next meeting √ √
Students’ Observation Sheet Students’ Participation in teaching and
learning process Grade
1 2 3 4
1. Students practice what researcher instructs
to them. √
2. The students are active in the classroom. √ 3. Students ask question to researcher to deep
their understanding.
√ 4. The students are motivated to practice
using stick puppet.
√ 5. The students are confident to practice their
speaking using stick puppet. √
6. The students use sticks puppet media as
well. √
7. Stick puppet stimulates students’
imagination and creativity
√ 8. Stick puppet helps students to describe the
physical appearance.
√
Teacher’s Observation Sheet
Class : VII A
Subject/ Topic : Descriptive text (Describing People Physical Apperance) Cycle/ Meeting : 1/ 3rd meeting
Day/ Date : Monday/ May 11, 2022
Time : 08.30 – 09.30
Researcher : Luluk Wahyuni
Please give a check list (√) based on your observation below:
Activities Observed in Teaching and Learning Do? Grade Yes No 1 2 3 4 A. Opening
1. The researcher does apperception. √ √
2. The researcher gives motivation to the students.
√ √
3. The researcher gives brainstorming √ √
4. The researcher explains the purpose of study.
√ √
B. Whilst teaching (Implementing)
1. The researcher gives common vocabulary related to descriptive text (describing people’s physical apperances).
√ √
2. The researcher guides the students to pronounce and memorize the vocabulary
√ √
3. The researcher explains grammatical form used in descriptive text (describing people’s physical apperances).
√ √
4. The researcher gives the example of describing people through stick puppet
√ √
5. The researcher motivates students to
practice their speaking using stick puppet √ √ 6. The researcher stimulates with some
questions to encourage students to practice their speaking.
√ √
C. Closing
1. The researcher gives conclusion based on the material learned descriptive text (describing people’s physical apperances).
√ √
2. The researcher asks students’
understanding.
√ √
3. The researcher gives students’ motivation. √ √
The researcher informs the material for the
next meeting √ √
Students’ Observation Sheet Students’ Participation in teaching and
learning process Grade
1 2 3 4
1. Students practice what researcher instructs
to them. √
2. The students are active in the classroom. √ 3. Students ask question to researcher to deep
their understanding.
√ 4. The students are motivated to practice
using stick puppet.
√ 5. The students are confident to practice their
speaking using stick puppet. √
6. The students use sticks puppet media as
well. √
7. Stick puppet stimulates students’
imagination and creativity
√ 8. Stick puppet helps students to describe the
physical appearance.
√