D. The Technique of Analyzing Data
IV. Finding and Discussion
After collecting the data from the students task the writer seen the data based on a students task in doing a research proposal. The data is collected from the task of the students by doing their research proposal, start from chapter I, Chapter II, and Chapter III. In this data analysis the students in a group are able to explain clearly about all chapter in research proposal.
Chapter I
In doing this chapter about the steps in this chapter, there are 5 (five) groups that make or finished in this chapter or step and all the members of groups are able to explain clearly in chapter I related to thier problems in research proposal. Only one group that didn’t make or completed the first chapter in their research proposal.
Chapter II
In chapeter II five groups are able to make the theories that related to the title and onle one goup didn’t make the related theories about their research proposal.
Chapter III
In this chapetr all the members of group in class of research methodology are able to make their data. In this chapter all the members of group are able to explain about the research design of their research proposal that related to their problem of the study.
213 Research Finding
After checking and analyzing the student’s task in making a research proposal we have seen that the students are able to make a research proposal, that show in table below.
Table 4.3.1 The Total Number Percentage of Student’s Task.
No Steps of research methodology Total Group Percentage
1 Chapter I 5 31.25 %
2 Chapter II 5 31.25 %
3 Chapter III 6 37.5 %
Total group and percentage 16 100 %
Discussion
From the finding above, the students that are able to make a research proposal in research methodology subject in English department university of HKBP Nommensen. From the sixth of the student’s task in making a research proposal for chapter I, only one group that didn’t make their chapter I that related to their problem of the study. In chapter II like in chapter I only one group that less in making a theories related to their title and the background of the study. The last in chapter III all the members of groupd are able to make research design of their research proposal.
V. Conclusion
Based on background, problem, data analysis, finding and discussion above that from the research methodology subject the students are able to make a research proposal where in the research proposal conclude three steps, chapter I, chapter II, and the last is chapter III.. To answer the problem of the study from this research where, the problem of this research is does students able to make a research proposal in research methodology class? From the finding of the research conclude that the students are able to make a research proposal in research methodology subject for of the fifth grade students of university of HKBP Nommensen Medan. From the percentage of the student’s task conclude that the students are able to make a research proposal, chapter I, chapter II, and chapter III in application of research methodology subject. The last that answered the problem of this research is the students are able to practice or apply these steps in their practice at the classroom.
References
Creswell, J.W. 2008. Educational Research: Planning, conducting, and Evaluation Quantitative and Qualitative (3rd ed). New Jersey: Pearson.
Bodgan, R.C. & Bilken, S.K. 1982. Qualitative Research in Education: An Introduction to Theory and Method, Boston: Allyn & Bacon
Harmer, J. 2003. The Practice of English Language Teaching. Pearson Education: Longman Larsen Diana. 1986. Techniques and Principles in Language Teaching. Oxford University
Press
Miles, M. B. and Huberman, A. M. 1988. Qualitative Data Analysis. London: Sage Publication.
Richards, Jack. C and Richards Schmidt. 2002. Longman Dictionary of Language Teaching and Applied Linguistics. London: Pearson Education Ltd.
214 ENGLISH LANGUAGE LEARNING STYLE OF THIRD SEMESTER MIDWIFERY
STUDENTS OF POLTEKES KEMENKES IN PEMATANGSIANTAR
Elisa Silviani Siregar
(English Applied Linguistic, Postgraduate Program of State University of Medan, Indonesia)
elizz_windani@yahoo.com
Abstract
This research focuses on identifying learning style of the students in learning English based on the theory of Gardner in Boneva (2012:17 ) namely (1) Visual, (2) Auditory, (3) Kinesthetic. The subject of the research is the third semester students of midwifery Poltekes Kemenkes Pematangsiantar. The students consists of 30 students. In collecting data, the researcher uses questionnaire technique, it is at list of written question and use to gain the information from respondents as a personal report or things they know. It is found that the students who had Visual learning style is the highest percentage by obtained 53.3% (16 students), and the percentage of the students who had Auditory learning style is 13.3% (4 students). The students who had auditory learning style are the lowest percentage.The students who had Kinesthetic learning style is 33.3% (10 students).
Keywords: Auditory, kinesthetic, midwifery student, speaking, visual
I. Introduction
Learning is a relatively permanent change in a behavioral tendency and is the result of reinforced practice. It means that the behavior that occurred after certain learning probably settled. Someone’s capabilities will not be disappearing, but will keep continue to keep developing even more when someone continues keep practicing. There are two factors that influence students’ learning, namely internal and external factors. Internal factor is the factors which come from students them selves. Meanwhile, external factor is the factor which is outside of students. The examples of internal factors are the physical condition, skill, interest, intelligent and learning style. Meanwhile, the examples of external factors are family, friends, school, environment.English is one of international language which are used by people in the world in many areas; moreover speaking English is the easiest way to communicate with people from other countries. English has a very essential position in communication among people. The use of English is widely considered as an urgent need. English is used as by international people and largest number of users over the world. It is also as a subject at school requires to be able to communicate in oral and written using appropriate language fluently and accurately. Therefore,there are four skills in English namely, listening, speaking, reading and writing. The success of teaching-learning process is not only determined by how the teachers teach but also, most importantly and principally is determined by how the students learn. The dominant factor that influences students’ learning is learning style. It factor that determines the success of learning is to know and understand that every individual has unique style of learning, they are Visual, Auditory, or Kinesthetic are different each other. Those learning style are most common.
Dunn (2000:8) stated that Learning Style is “the way students begin to concentrate on process, remember and internalize the new and difficult academic informatios. It can be said
”.Learning style is one of dominant factor because learning style is influenced by our brain. It
215 is the combination between brain domination of how people manage and deal with information and modality of the easiest way how people deal with information. Based on the explanation above learning style is influenced by people brain, because it is a complex organ and has great capacity to learn. It is the way how to deal with information more enjoyable and comfort during learning certain subject. Some of people have brains that are able to deal with a lot of information at once, but some are only capable of absorbing and processing of information gradually. Some are able to store and retrieve information in the brain quickly while others do so slowly. Everyone has different learning style but each personis a unique.
Students’ learning style may be influenced by their reaction to personal life experiences, their approaches in learning, and their previous learning habits. In fact, people usually have just one dominant style. It means every one has different learning style from another, but only one style is dominant people have. The characteristics of learning style differs one learner from another, such as Visual, Auditory and Kinesthetic. Both Furthermore, most of students do not recognize their own learning styles. As a result, it gets poor achievement. Moreover, the teacher uses same technique in teaching English, especially in teaching speaking.
Speaking is one of English language skills. Nation& Newton(2009:15) stated that Speaking is one of the central elements of communication. If students want to speak English fluently they have to be able to pronounce correctly. It is also called productive skill because when people speak they produce the language. It means that speaking is one of English language skill that has taught in school. It is not easy for students to speak in English fluently, because speaking is productive skill when students must be able to produce word to communicate with each other. Teaching speaking is a very important part of second language learning. It is because the goal of teaching speaking is to improve students in communicative skill. As a result, the teacher must be innovative to create good atmosphere in speaking class, because in speaking class students are expected to communicate in second language clearly and efficiently.
Sometimes, to speak clearly and efficiently is hard for students. However, there are several factors, such as students usually do not talk in English, but using their own language or mother tongue use. Besides, some of them are afraid of having mistakes when they speak English in the class. As it is a matter of fact know that there are a lot of activities in speaking class, such as role play, reporting, story telling, small group discussion, debate and so on.
However, students need to learn and practice about this subject. There is a reason why the researcher interested in doing research on this study.
Learning styles is part of one’s personality and every one is different. Sometimes, in teaching learning process, both students and teachers are ignoring it. It is important to know that students’ learning style is also the way how teacher teaches English language subject, because those factors are influenced students’ achievement in learning English. Therefore, students will learn best and they have a great deal to control over how well they learn through their learning style.
There are some reasons why the researcher chooses Midwifery students POLTEKES KEMENKES Pematangsiantar. First, as the researcher is one of the English teachers in Midwifery POLTEKES KEMENKES Pematangsiantar, it is found that there are students who like make a note while the learning process runs. Furthermore, they not only make a note, but also they need their friends’ explanation to make it clear about what teacher said. In the other hand, there are students who need play and touch something around them when they listening the explanation, such as play a pen, finger motion, or fold a paper even without any meaning.
The students do it because it makes them easy to remember and understand the explanation. Besides, they do not know exactly what their learning styles are. The role of teacher is important through teaching and the way teacher teaches. It helps them understand, enjoy learning something and improved their achievement in certain learning. Besides, the role of teacher helps students knowing what their learning style. Based on informal
216 observation, the researcher found that the English teacher gives various techniques that make students interest in English speaking. Moreover, the researcher uses any tools in English speaking, such as picture, role play, and small group discussion. From those situations, the researcher concerns about English Language Learning Style of Third Semester Midwifery Students POLTEKES KEMENKES in Pematangsiantar.
1.2 The Problem of the Research
Based on the background above, there is a problem which will be investigated by the writer, as follow: What are the types of English language learning style of third semester students in Midwifery POLTEKES KEMENKES Pematangsiantar?
1.3. The Scope of the Research
Here, the researcher will focus on identifying learning style of the students in learning English based on the theory of Gardner in Boneva (2012:17 ) namely (1) Visual, (2) Auditory, (3) Kinesthetic
.
1.4 The Purpose of the Research
The purpose of this research is to find out the types of English language learning style of third semester students in Midwifery students POLTEKES KEMENKES Pematangsiantar.
II. Literature Review
2.1 Definition of Learning Style
The term “learning styles” speaks to the understanding that every student learns differently. Technically, an individual’s learning style refers to the preferential way in which the student absorbs, processes, comprehends and retains information. For example, when learning how to build a clock, some students understand the process by following verbal instructions, while others have to physically manipulate the clock themselves. Brown (2007:119) defines Learning styles as the manner in which individuals perceive and process information in learning situations.
Learning style reflect students’ preferred manner of acquiring, using and thinking about knowledge. Term that describes the variations among learners in using one or more senses to understand, organize, and retain experience.
Hunt stated in Boneva (2012:10 ) Learning style describes students in terms of those educational conditions under which they are most likely to learn and essentially describes the amount of structure individuals require.
2.2 Types of Learning Style
Each person has preferred way of learning that is determined by their cultural and educational background and personalities.
2.2.1 Information Personalities
It distinguishes between the way learners sense, think, solve problems, and remember information. Kolb (1994:16) stated that Learning Styles inventory in Tatyana Putintseva’s article, entitled The Importance of Learning Style in EFL includes:
217 2.2.1.1 Diverging (Feeling and Watching)
People with diverging styles are able to look at things from different perspectives.
They are sensitive. They prefer to watch rather than do, tend to gather information and use imagination to solve problems. They are best at viewing concrete situations from several different viewpoints. Kolb called this style 'Diverging' because these people perform better in situations that require ideas-generation, for example, brainstorming. They have broad cultural interests and like to gather information. They are interested in people, tend to be imaginative and emotional, and tend to be strong in the arts. They prefer to work in groups, to listen with an open mind and to receive personal feedback.
2.2.1.2 Assimilating (Watching and Thinking)
The Assimilating learning preference is for a concise, logical approach. Ideas and concepts are more important than people. These people require good clear explanation rather than practical opportunity. They excel at understanding wide-ranging information and organizing it in a clear logical format. They are less focused on people and more interested in ideas. People with this style are more attracted to theories than practice. In formal learning situations, people with this style prefer readings, lectures, exploring analytical models, and having time to think.
2.2.1.3 Converging (Doing and Thinking)
People with a Converging learning style use their learning to find solutions to practical issues. They prefer technical tasks, and are less concerned with people. They can solve problems and make decisions.
A Converging learning style enables specialist and technology abilities. People with a Converging style like to experiment with new ideas, to simulate, and to work with practical applications.
2.2.1.4 Accommodating (Doing and Feeling)
The Accommodating learning style is 'hands-on', and relies on intuition rather than logic. These people use other people's analyses, and prefer to take a practical, experiential approach. They are attracted to new challenges and experiences, and to carrying out plans.
They commonly act on good instinct rather than logical analysis. Also, they tend to rely on others for information. This learning style is prevalent and useful in roles requiring action and initiative. People with this learning style prefer to work in teams to complete tasks. They set targets and actively work in the field trying different ways to achieve an objective.
2.2.2 Personality Patterns
These focus on attention, emotion, and values. Understanding these differences allows predicting the way learners react and feel about different situations. The Myers-Briggs stated in Montgomery& Groat (1998:2) Type Indicator is the most well-known personality pattern evaluations. They are classified according to their preference for:
a. Introversion (I) (interest flowing mainly to the inner world of concepts and ideas) b. Extroversion (E) (interest flowing mainly to the outer world of actions or objects) c. Sensing (S) (tending to perceive immediate, real, practical facts of experience ) d. Intuition (N) (tending to perceive relationships and meanings of experiences) e. Thinking (T) (tending to make decisions objectively and impersonally) f. Feeling (F) (tending to make judgments subjectively and personally) g. Judging (J) (tending to act in a planned and decisive way)
h. Perceiving (P) (tending to act in a spontaneous and flexible way).
218 2.2.3 Perceptual Learning Style
Gardnerstated in Boneva (2012:17) concept of multiple intelligences', as mentioned earlier is commonly viewed as, in fact, a model of learning styles. According to this point of view, the following types of learning styles can be identified: