CHAPTER IV FINDINGS AND DISCUSSIONS
A. Findings
The objectives of the research was aimed to know the kinds of errors in using sentence connectors in terms of transition phrase and clause connectors in terms of coordinating conjunction and subordinating conjunction which committed by the students. There were twenty six (26) the use of sentence connectors in terms of transition phrase in the paragraph were made by the students. From twenty six (26), the researcher found twelve (12) errors or 46.15.%
from the total sentence connectors in terms of transition phrase were made by the students. While, there were ninety eight (98) the use of clause connectors in terms of coordinating conjunction and subordinating conjunction. The researcher found thirty two (32) errors or 32.65% from the total clause connectors in terms of coordinating conjunction and subordinating conjunction were made by the students. The result of each objectives is presented on the research findings below.
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1. Kinds of error in the use of sentence connectors in terms of transition phrase
As previously stated in chapter I, the first objective of this study was aimed to know the kinds of errors in the use of sentence connectors in term of transition phrase in writing a paragraph were made by the third year students of SMA Muhammadiyah 4 Makassar. After collecting and analyzing the data, the researcher found that there were a lot of grammatical errors in using sentence connectors in term of transition phrase which committed by the students. From twenty six (26) the use of sentence connectors in term of transition phrase, the researcher found twelve (12) errors or 46.15. % from the total sentence connectors in term of transition phrase were made by the students. The errors are classified based on surfaced strategy taxonomy (omission, addition, misformation and misordering).
The result of the students’ error is presented into a table as follows:
Table 4.1 Kinds and Frequency/Percentage of Error in Sentence Connectors in Terms of Transition Phrase.
No. Clause
Connectors
Kinds of Error Total
Omission Addition Miss- formation
Miss- ordering 1.
Transition Phrase
First Next Then Second Finally Before long As soon as At first at
2 1 5 0 2 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0
2 2 5 0 3 0 0 0
Total 10 1 0 1 12
Percentage 83.34% 8.33% 0% 8.33% 100%
Based on the table 4.1, it can be seen that the total number of errors are 12 where omission is the most dominant error with 10 times of appearances or 83.34% from the total number of errors. Furthermore, addition and misordering occupied the second place of the most dominant error with 1 times of appearances or 8.33 % from the total number of errors. Misformation took the last place with no error or 0 % from the total number of errors.
The result kinds of errors in the use of sentence connectors in term of transition phrase could be seen in the following chart:
Chart 4.1 Kinds and Frequency/Percentage of Error in Use of Sentence Connectors in term of transition phrase.
2. Kinds of error in the use of clause connectors in terms of coordinating conjunction and subordinating conjunction.
The second objective of this study was aimed to know the kinds of errors in the use of clause connectors in terms of coordinating conjunction and subordinating conjunction in writing a paragraph were made by the third year students of Muhammadiyah 4 Makassar. After collecting and analyzing the data, the researcher found that there were a lot of grammatical errors in using ‘clause connectors’which committed by the students.
There were ninety eight (98) the use of clause connectors in terms of coordinating conjunction and subordinating conjunction. The researcher found thirty two (32) errors or 32.65% from the total clause connectors in terms of
Omission Addition 83.34 %
Chart 4.1 Kinds and Frequency/Percentage of Error in Use of Sentence Connectors in term of transition phrase.
2. Kinds of error in the use of clause connectors in terms of coordinating conjunction and subordinating conjunction.
The second objective of this study was aimed to know the kinds of errors in the use of clause connectors in terms of coordinating conjunction and subordinating conjunction in writing a paragraph were made by the third year students of Muhammadiyah 4 Makassar. After collecting and analyzing the data, the researcher found that there were a lot of grammatical errors in using ‘clause connectors’which committed by the students.
There were ninety eight (98) the use of clause connectors in terms of coordinating conjunction and subordinating conjunction. The researcher found thirty two (32) errors or 32.65% from the total clause connectors in terms of
Addition Misformation Misordering 8.33%
0%
8.33%
Chart 4.1 Kinds and Frequency/Percentage of Error in Use of Sentence Connectors in term of transition phrase.
2. Kinds of error in the use of clause connectors in terms of coordinating conjunction and subordinating conjunction.
The second objective of this study was aimed to know the kinds of errors in the use of clause connectors in terms of coordinating conjunction and subordinating conjunction in writing a paragraph were made by the third year students of Muhammadiyah 4 Makassar. After collecting and analyzing the data, the researcher found that there were a lot of grammatical errors in using ‘clause connectors’which committed by the students.
There were ninety eight (98) the use of clause connectors in terms of coordinating conjunction and subordinating conjunction. The researcher found thirty two (32) errors or 32.65% from the total clause connectors in terms of
Omission Addition Misformation Misordering
coordinating conjunction and subordinating conjunction were made by the students. The errors are classified based on surfaced strategy taxonomy (omission, addition, misformation, misordering).
Table 4.2 Kinds and Frequency/Percentage of Error in Using Clause Connectors in terms of coordinating conjunction and subordinating conjunction.
No. Clause
Connectors
Kinds of Error Total
Omission Addition Miss- formation
Miss- ordering 1.
Coordinating Conjunction And
But For Nor Or So Yet
9 2 2 0 0 2 0
0 0 1 0 0 0 0
1 1 0 0 0 0 0
1 0 0 0 0 0 0
11 3 3 0 0 2 0 2.
Subordinating Conjunction As
While Until Because After Before
0 1 1 5 2 1
0 1 0 0 0 0
0 0 1 0 0 0
0 0 1 0 0 0
0 2 3 5 2 1
Total 25 2 3 2 32
Percentage 78.12% 6.25% 9.38% 6.25% 100%
Based on the table 4.2, it can be seen that the total number of errors are 32 where omission is the most dominant error with 25 times of appearances or 78.12% from the total number of errors. Furthermore, misformation occupied the second place of the most dominant error with 3 times of appearances or 9.38%
from the total number of errors. Addition and misordering took the last place of the most dominant appearances with 2 times of appearances or 6.25% from the total number of errors.
The result kinds of errors in using clause connectors in terms of coordinating conjunction and subordinating conjunction could be seen in the following chart:
Chart 4.2 Kinds And Frequency/Percentage Of Error In Use Of Clause Connectors In Terms Of Coordinating Conjunction And Subordinating Conjunction.
Omission Addition 78.12%
Based on the table 4.2, it can be seen that the total number of errors are 32 where omission is the most dominant error with 25 times of appearances or 78.12% from the total number of errors. Furthermore, misformation occupied the second place of the most dominant error with 3 times of appearances or 9.38%
from the total number of errors. Addition and misordering took the last place of the most dominant appearances with 2 times of appearances or 6.25% from the total number of errors.
The result kinds of errors in using clause connectors in terms of coordinating conjunction and subordinating conjunction could be seen in the following chart:
Chart 4.2 Kinds And Frequency/Percentage Of Error In Use Of Clause Connectors In Terms Of Coordinating Conjunction And Subordinating Conjunction.
Addition Misformation Misordering
6.25% 9.38%
6.25%
Based on the table 4.2, it can be seen that the total number of errors are 32 where omission is the most dominant error with 25 times of appearances or 78.12% from the total number of errors. Furthermore, misformation occupied the second place of the most dominant error with 3 times of appearances or 9.38%
from the total number of errors. Addition and misordering took the last place of the most dominant appearances with 2 times of appearances or 6.25% from the total number of errors.
The result kinds of errors in using clause connectors in terms of coordinating conjunction and subordinating conjunction could be seen in the following chart:
Chart 4.2 Kinds And Frequency/Percentage Of Error In Use Of Clause Connectors In Terms Of Coordinating Conjunction And Subordinating Conjunction.
Omission Addition Misformation Misordering