To make research data, students were interviewed using the WhatsApp application via voice notes. This study aims to determine the factors that affect students' low self-confidence in English speaking skills in class interactions.
The researcher used interview as the supporting data to answer the research question. List of questions are connected with the experience that students faced in speaking subject. Furthermore, the data obtained as follow:
1) Do you like speaking subject?
From 10 students, they like speaking. Some students' stated: “From my opinion, of course I like to learn to speak let alone be a speaker, because I know speaking is one of the communication media that can be captured and responded to by the speaker, so when I speak it means I can share information or other things. What things other people can understand directly and directly like that.”
“Yes, I like speaking subjects because I think I can learn to much more effective of verbal communication and practice a bold manner of speaking in front of a large crowd.”
“I like it, because speaking is one part of English lessons that can improve our abilities and get used to speaking in English, besides that there is a lot of speaking material that can make our understand in
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English.
2) Have you ever not confidence while you speaking in front of people?
8 out of 10 students never feel confident when speaking in front of many people. Some students’ stated:
“Of course I feel less confident because I don't have a lot of vocabulary that I think about at the moment even though my vocabulary is not that much, but I think now I have confidence to speak in front of people.”
“Low of confidence due to embarrassment, worried if the grammar or pronunciation is wrong. But my lecture said that confidence is the key to speaking, but i couldn't do it because i was still so embarrassed.”
“Yes I have. Because I am afraid that my grammar and pronunciation will be wrong when I speak in front of the class”
2 out of 10 students feel less confident when the speaking of their other friends is better than them. Some of the students' answers stated:
“Of course I have never felt confident speaking in front of a crowd when I see or know my friends or their speakers speak better than me.
“It depends on my interlocutor, if he speaks more fluently I feel less confident.”
3) What make you high self-confidence during the speaking subject?
7 in of 10 students motivate themselves to make their self- confidence high. Some students’ stated:
“When I am able to speak without mistakes and get appreciation in speaking class”
“The things that make me have high self-confidence are often giving myself to express and express ideas in public, and they are often practiced in everyday life.”
“What makes me confident are that I studied beforehand and found how to pronounce this sentence correctly.”
3 in of 10 students believe they will be high. Some students' stated:
“In my opinion, if I have mastered the topic of discussion or the topic of conversation that I have obtained, then if for example I have mastered the topic I only need to conceptualize and design what things I want to talk about with other people, explain to the crowd. After I compile the concept I feel confident when I can convey what I want to convey, from here I also prepare a way for my interlocutor to understand what I say and what I mean.”
“The thing that makes me confident when talking about the subject is if the material is easy to understand and I prepare the material well.”
4) What make your less of self confidence during in speaking class?
8 out of 10 students feel less confident because there is still a lack of vocabulary that makes it difficult for them to translate sentences. Some students’ stated:
"What makes me less confident in speaking subject. I still lack vocabulary because I am also still learning English well." “Lack of insight which makes me a little less confident, a little vocabulary and afraid to be wrong.”
“In the thought-speaking lesson that made me less confident when I found out that the talking subject is not about us talking but how to speak well, especially having good vocabulary, and pronunciation” 1 in of 10 students feel less confident because they do not understand the material in speaking lessons. Some students’ stated:
“What makes me less confident when speaking, when I don't understand a material and when I'm side by side with people who are good at talked.”
1 in of 10 student is never unsure of themselves when speaking. Some students’ stated:
“From my experience during college in that class until now I have never doubted myself in class, because my friends and I sometimes need a lot of time to talk, especially if no one starts talking first, mostly waiting for an appointment, so I usually the first to speak, the show is not yet perfect what I want to say, and I always try to be the first to speak.”
5) What trouble you always face during in speaking class?
8 in of 10 students stated that the problem that is often faced when speaking lessons is a lack of vocabulary. “Limited vocabulary and limited tense, this also makes me hesitate to speak.”
“Usually I just have trouble translating the sentence I want to say, because my vocabulary is still lacking so I usually get stuck in conveying it, so I have to combine Indonesian and English.”
“When the lecturer speaks full English, it is difficult for me to be concurrent and difficult to provide feedback.”
2 in of 10 students stated that the problem that is often faced during speaking lessons is how to dare to speak and be able to convey something that can be understood by others.
"Talking about problems in speaking is something that cannot be avoided. The problem I often face is how we can speak well, not only talking about the material, but how we can convey something that can be understood by others."
"The problem that is often faced is how we have to hone it continuously to dare to speak.”
6) Do you speak fluently when you have high self confidence?
8 in of 10 stated that they will speak fluently when they have high confidence. Some students’ stated:
“Yes, because when I feel confident I can express whatever is in my head well and when I am confident communication to friends or people when I convey something is better, and I can give feedback to friends it was a lot easier than I was feeling nervous or not confidence.”
“I can speak fluently if I have high self confidence because high confidence gave high impact to ourselves so that we are able to speak what's in our minds, we only think about the mistakes we will do.”
“Yes, when I have high self confidence. if I speak in front of people I think I can speak fluently because I am relax to speak and its different
between if I speak English but I shy, I will forget the English, and what I want to say.”
1 of in 10 stated that this returns to the abilities of the students. Some student stated:
“Depending on how the ability when we believe in ourselves it means we are only given the courage to speak, but whether it is smooth or not depends on ourabilities.”
1 in 10 who say yes, but according to him he will be more confident when he has mastered grammar. Some student stated:
“Yes of course, I can be smoother in speaking and I think it's not about confidence to it's about grammatical in English if we have better grammatical and we have a good and high confidence I think speaking English in front of the smoother class.”
7) Do you always have filler while you perform in speaking subject?
8 in of 10 stated that they had fillers spontaneously when speaking in public. Some students’ stated:
“Yes, when I do not master the material or topic that I will convey.”
“Yes, I still have fillers, in everyday language I still use fillers, especially English, because I'm also used toit.”
“Yes, because when I want to arrange the words that I want to speak, sometimes I need a pause to think about it and there is "ee" Word.”
2 in of 10 stated that they sometimes have fillers this is because when they suddenly forget or feel nervous. Some students’ stated.”
“Yes sometimes, when I forget the sentence that I want to convey, because I am still lacking in vocabulary.” “Sometimes. Usually they are mostly silent or say how to say right away.”
8) Does self-confidence improve your speaking skill?
9 in of 10 students stated that self-confidence increased their ability in speaking skills. Some students’ stated:
“Yes, because with confidence makes me calm to speak when I want to say whatever words I want to say."
“Of course, the confidence improve my speaking skill, because the important thing if we are speaking in front of the class or the people the first is confidence we can speak fluently and when we have confidence.”
“Yes, from myself for self-confidence it is very important when I want to improve my speaking skills, because if I feel confident, I can control myself, and can prepare what I want to say to my friends and to many people and give information and feedback. In essence, from that belief is an important point where I can control myself and as a result I can improve my speaking skills.”
1 in of 10 students stated that according to him, confidence in speaking is number 2 and most importantly grammar. Some student stated:
“For me confidence self is number two and the number one is about grammar.”
9) Does self confidence improve your pronunciation?
5 in of 10 students claim confidence improves pronunciation. Some students’ stated:
"Yes, as well as improving speaking skills, self-confidence also affects when I speak in good pronunciation with pronunciation, when I can control myself when I get the confidence to speak in front of the crowd, of course my pronunciation and my pronunciation will be much better and people can pick up on what are the words that are often spoken to them. Usually if people who are nervous and who believe themselves lacking in speaking, their pronunciation is definitely not good so that other people will misunderstand or misinformation with what the speaker is saying and what the speaker is get it."
"I think so, self-confidence genuinely improve my pronunciation, because confidence can help me pronounce words correctly."
"Yes, because if we know how to pronounce it, we will be confident in expressing our ideas."
5 in of 10 students stated that self-confidence did not improve their ability in pronunciation. Some students’ stated:
“For me, it has not improved my pronunciation, because in my opinion pronunciation must be learned in the subject itself”
“I don't think so, because self-confidence only gives us support or inadvertently it is support from ourselves, how we speak in public, not how it affects pronunciation.”
“Not really. If the students have a high self confidence, but lack of
vocabulary it just the same, their speak will not fluent”
10) Do you believe that if all students in English department have high self confidence they will have good speaking skill?
4 out of 10 students stated that they believed that all English students had high self-confidence. Some students’ stated:
"I think all of the students in English department have high self- confidence they will have a good speaking skill why, because most of our lessons in campus about the basic of how we know English, like we learn about how to writing, how to reading, and of all of that most important thing is speaking skill. We have learned a lot on campus about the basics of the English language material itself such as tense, when you want to speak, we need have a high self-confidence and we will have good speaking skill.”
"Yes I'm sure, when students majoring in English have confidence in speaking skills, they will develop their speaking skills faster.”
“I believe, because I think that self-confidence it's very important to improve speaking skill.”
6 in of 10 others stated that they did not believe that all English students’ had high self-confidence. Some students’ stated:
"For this I cannot give a broad assessment. But from my experience, usually those who are confident are even better at speaking ability because the average person can be confident because he feels he can and believe in his abilities."
"Not really. If the students have a high self-confidence but lack of vocabulary it just the same, their speak will not fluent."
"I don't know for this, but in my opinion they are still lacking in English speaking techniques but I'm sure when they try, when they practice pronunciation, pronunciation and they can speak English well, English students will be more confident.