Genus EUTHYOPTEROMA Fowler

B. Genus THERAPON Cuvier

12. Genus EUTHYOPTEROMA Fowler

NO. 1875.

THE JAPANESE SPARID^—JORDAN AND

TU03IPS0N.

563

the

same

ages. Giinther's L. Tiaematoyterus

was

a

much

larger fish

and had

a smaller eve,

which was

contained twdce

and

a tliird in the snout

and was

not equal to theinterorbitalspace.

Our

smallspeci- men, labeled Lethrinus ricliardsoni,

from

Formosa, fits Bleeker's description well save for a lesser depth

and

corroborates his differ- entiatingmarks, i. e., themolars

and

thesixrowsof scales

above

the lateralline. There appear to beonly

two

specimensofthisrecorded besides ours

and

that ofBloch

and

Schneider.

There is not

much doubt

that this is the original

Spams

chce.ro- rhyncTius of Bloch

and

Schneider, described

from

Japan. It is a species with broad body, clouded in color,

mth

the anterior teeth conic, the posterior molar, the opercles scaly, the cheeks naked.

D.

X,

9; A. Ill, 11.

{•/Co'cpoc, pig;_p'jTXoc, snout.)

564 TROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM.

^vol.41.

The

following is the

synonymy

of the sections or genera included under Nemipterus

and

Synagris.

Nemipterus Swainson, Nat. Hist. Class. Anim., vol. _2, 1839, pp. 172, 223 {fila-

mentosus=nematophorus)(dorsalspinescaudalandventral filamentous).

SynagrisGxjnther,Cat. Fish. Brit.Mus., ^vol.1, 1859, p.373(furcosus,etc.).

DentexBleeker, AtlasIchth., vol. _8,p.83 (taeniopterus); notofCuvier.

Anemura Fowler,Journ. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 1904, p. 527(jiotatus).

OdontoglyphisFowler,Journ.Acad. Nat. Sci.Phila., 1904, p. 527(tolu).

EuthyopteromaFowler,Journ. Acad. Nat.Sci. Phila., 1904, p. 527^(blochii).

{eudug, straight; Tirkpo/m, fin system.) Keyto species.

2'. Upperlobe ofcaudal filamentous.

b\ Preorbitalwidth4^inhead, withoutdistinctconcavity nearedgeofmaxillary.

Side ofbody witha bright yellowstreakwhich neverfadesinpreservation, thisobsolete inyoung; sidesin lifewithother yellowstripes virgatum20.

6^. Preorbital narrow,itswidth7inhead, the suborbital regionwithadistinctcon- cavity near edge of maxillary. Side of body without permanent yellow streak,butvnih.stripesofbrassyand goldeninlife bathybium, 21.

20.

EUTHYOPTEROMA

VIRGATUM(Houttuyn).

ITOYORI(twistedthread, probably fromtheyellowstripeonside).

Sparus virgatusHouttuyn, Holl. Maat. Wet. Haarlem, vol. 20, Deel 2, 1782, p. 3(Nagasaki).

Nemipterus virgatus Jordan and Evermann, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., vol. 25, 1903, p. 346 (Keerun,Formosa).

—

Jordan and Richardson FishesFormosa, Mem.CarnegieMus.,vol.4, No. 4, 1909, p. 186 (Keerun).

Sparussinensis Lacepede, Hist. Nat. Poiss., vol. 4, 1803, p. 46 (China, Japan).

Synagris sinensisGxjnther, Cat. Fish. Brit. Mus., vol. 1, 1859, p.379 (China);

Steindachner and Doderlein, Beitr. Fische Japan's, II, Denkschr. kais.

Akad. Wiss. Wien, vol. 48, 1883, p. 16 (Tokyo, Tango, Kochi, Osima).—

Steindachner,ReiseAurora,Ann.Nat.Hofmus. Wien,vol.11,Heft2,1896,

p²⁰⁰(KobeorNagasaki).

NemipterussinensisJordan and Snyder, Check List, Ann. Zool. Jap., vol. 3, pts. 2and3, 1901, p.77.

Dentex setigerus Cuvier and Valenciennes, Hist. Nat. Poiss., vol. 6, 1830, p. 253 (Japan).

—

Temminck and Schlegel, Fauna Japonica, 1844, p. 73, pi. 37, fig.1(Nagasaki).

Habitat.

—

^{Coast of southern}

^{Japan and}

^Formosa.

Description of four specimens

from Tokyo and

Nagasald

and

one

from

Keerun, Formosa, the longest 330

mm.

^{in total length} without the caudalfilament.

Head

3^ ⁱⁿbody, 4| in totallength; depth ?>\ in body, 4^ in total;

eye 5 in

head

(in adult); snout 2§ to 3|; maxillary _2f; D.

X,

9;

A. Ill, 8. Scales in lateralline49, in transverseseries

from

insertion of dorsal to insertion ofanal 3^10.

Body somewhat

elongate, little compressed, its width one-half its

depth; dorsal

and

ventral profdes similar.

Head

^small, its dorsal outline

somewhat

arched, as it is in cross section.

Eye

^small, 3^ in headin a

young

specimen 170

mm.

^{in total} length, 5 in

head

in one

NO. J875.

THE

JAPANESI^ l^PA

RID JS— JORDAN A^D THOMPSON. ₅₆₅

330 nun. ^{in total} length. Preorbital nearly quadrate, its posterior

margin

oblique. Maxillarylargelysheathed, reaching barely_{to front} of eye,

mouth

small. Preopercular

margin

slightly serrate, with a

narrow

dermal edge. Opercle with

two

flat points.

Four

or five smallrecurved caninesinpremaxillaries

on

either side oftip ofupper jaw. Outer

row on

either side slightly enlarged, inner

band

narrow, vUliform. In lower

jaw an

outer

row

anteriorly only. Inner

row becomes

single

and

enlarged

somewhat

laterally, although avilliform

band

anteriorly, Gill-rakers very short

and

stumplike, 6

+

^{8 in}

number.

Dorsal spines rather

weak and

flexible, of nearly equal length, 2§

in head. Dorsal rays of equal length with spines, the last slightly longer.

Anal

spines also weak, third longest, 3 in head, first two- thirdslength of third.

Anal

rayssimilar in lengthtothoseof dorsal.

Fig.5.—Euthtopteroma vikgatum.

Pectorals

and

ventrals subequal, nearly equal to length of head.

Caudal deeplyforked, the upperlobeprolongedintoa filament nearly equaltolengthofhead,

and

itslength

from

baseofcaudalfourtimes that ofmiddle caudalrays.

Scales large, finely ctenoid; present across occiput,

on

cheeks, opercle, sub-

and

interopercle, not

on

limbs of preopercle or preor- bitals. Scales

on

cheeks large, in three rows.

Color of alcoholic specimen silvery, darker above,

more

or less bright red in life.

A narrow

line of intense

and permanent

yellow extending

from

angle of opercle straight to upper rays of caudal, anotherparalleltoit, one

row

^{of scales} abovelateralline, but broader

and

fainter anteriorly

and

ending at last rays of soft dorsal. Fol- lowingrows ofscales,or ratherbetween them, belowlateralline6or7 silvery stripes as broad as pupil. In

young

fish the yellow lines

have

disappeared.

566 PROCEEDTya^ OF THE NATIONAL

]\[V$IEVM. VOL.41.

This beautiful fishis

common

insouthern Japan.

Our

specimens are

from Tokyo and

Nagasaki.

(virgatus, streaked,

from

the yellowline.)

The

followingisthesubstanceofHouttuyn's account of hisSparus virgatus:

Thestripes ofthescalesplainerandmuchlarger. Inthisrespect, as alsoinshape, it issimilar totheSalpaofauthors, whichhasonitssideelevenstripes ofa golden hue. Itis hencecalled in French "Virgadelle." The body is ovaland flat, the head is blunt, the tail fork-shaped. In the dorsal I count 8 bony and 10 limber rays. P. 12; A. II, 8; V. 6; C. 22.

My

specimenis5J inches^long.