CHAPTER III: RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
A. Research Design
The research approach used by the researcher is a quantitative approach. While the quantitative approach is numerical research data and statistically analyzed to find answers to the formulation of research problems.According to Siyoto & Sodik (2015), research with this approach emphasizes more on meaning and is tied to values. The method used by the researcher is the quasi-experimental method. The research design used by the researcher is a pre- experimental design in the form of a group, pre-test, and post- test design.
The research includes quasi-experimental research by quantitative research. The researcher used a research design in the form of a non-equivalent pretest-posttest experimental- control group design. According to Handayani et al. (2021), the nonequivalent control group design means that there are
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two groups in this research; the experimental group and the control group, where both groups have the same level of knowledge but use different treatments or there may be no treatment used. Then the researcher used two research samples, namely class VIII A as an experimental class with 25 students and class VIII B with 26 students as a control class. The research design is described as follows:
Tabel 3.1 The research design
O1 X O2
O3 O4
Sugiyono (2018) Description:
O1 :pre-test Experimental class O2 :post-test Experimental class X:treatment
O3 :pre-test Control class O4 :post-test Control class
B. Location and Time of Research
The researcher determines the research location at SMPN 03 South Bengkulu. SMPN 03 South Bengkulu is a state Junior High School (SMP) located in Bengkulu Province, Kab. South Bengkulu with the address Jl. Kayu Kunyit, Manna. Npsn: 10700984. Telp: (0739)21849. This research was conducted in 8 June-20 June 2022. Meanwhile, the reason why the researcher chose junior high school 03 South Bengkulu as the research location was based on the results of the observations made by the researcher. The researcher found several problems with the lack of interest in students' English learning, this is because learning English is less interesting, and students still don't know a lot of vocabulary in English. Therefore, the researcher is interested to conduct this research in improving students' vocabulary mastery by using word walls.
Tabel 3.2
The population of the Research
No. Location Time
1. SMPN 03 South Bengkulu 8 June-20 June 2022
C. Population
The population generally can be seen as a collection of living things or at least have several qualities and characteristics that the researcher chooses, but the term population is used more generally to refer to the collection of objects, or whatever, it is an investigative object. In this research, the researcher chooses an eighth-grade class for the 2021/2022 academic year as a population. Located in the school at SMPN 03 South Bengkulu. The population in this research is the class VIII SMPN 03 South Bengkulu.
Populations are 168 students consisting of six classes from A class to F class, every class consisted of 25, 26, 30, 30, 29, and 28 students.
Table 3.3
The population of the Research
No. Class Population
1. VIII A 25
2. VIII B 25
3. VIII C 30
4. VIII D 30
5. VIII E 29
6. VIII F 28
Total 168
Source: SMPN 03 South Bengkulu
D. Sample
The sample is part of the population-representative that must be learned. In this study, the researcher has taken two classes in class VIII SMPN 03 South Bengkulu. The sampling technique used is random sampling by taking two classes. One class is used as an experimental class and one class is used as a control class. The selection of experimental classes and control classes is carried out randomly by the researcher and the results of the selected classes randomly
that have been carried out, the researcher gets two classes namely class VIII A as the experimental class and VIII B as the control class.
Table 3.4
The Sampe of the Research
No. Class Sample
1. VIII A 25
2. VIII B 26
Total 51
Source: SMPN 03 South Bengkulu
E. Treatment
Before giving a treatment, the researcher first gives a pre-test to assess the students' vocabulary test. The pre-test was conducted to determine the students' vocabulary achievement before being given treatment. After the pre-test, the researcher teaches the students. The researcher conducts 8 meetings. In every meeting, the researcher uses the word walls media in the experimental class and uses conventional methods in the control class. In the experimental class, the
researcher provides an explanation of the categories of part of speech that categorized as nouns, adjectives, and adverbs. The steps for teaching vocabulary using the word wall media are explained as follows:
1. The researcher conducted 8 meetings in this research, the first meeting of the researcher provided pre-test questions to students.
2. Furthermore, from the 2nd meeting to the 7th meeting the researcher provided treatments.
3. Before giving treatments, the researcher explained the media used in the learning process to students.
4. And the researcher glued the word walls media to the wall, the word walls that already have vocabulary on a certain theme that the researcher has made well and interestingly.
5. And the researcher provided a definition of vocabulary such as mention it is characteristics then students guess the vocabulary, and the vocabulary must be beneficial
and useful for students, the teaching was carried out in a way repeated continuously and used frequently in learning to listen, speak, write, and read.
6. Finally, at the 8th meeting the researcher was gives post- test questions to students.
F. Research Instrument
The instruments have an important function in this research. The used of instruments is an important step in conducting this research. The researcher used one type of instrument, namely a vocabulary test. The test's purpose is to determine whether media word walls are effective or not for students to learn vocabulary. The test material takes from English books and other sources to increase vocabulary and related to their subjects and is based on the curriculum of SMPN 03 South Bengkulu.
The researcher applies two kinds of tests, namely pre- test and post-test. The shape of the test is a close test. During pre-test and post-test students grow mentally and physically
and they may have to learn about experiences that can affect the dependent variable. The test questions for the pre-test consist of 20 questions and the post-test consist of 20 questions. The research used tests to collect data from students before the researcher teaches them to use word walls media. While the post-test was given to students after being given treatment. The format test is made in the following fill- in-the-blank form consisting of 20 items for pre-test and 20 items for post-test. Students choose their own answers. The instrument is described as follows:
1. The test's purpose is to determine the competence of students in learning English vocabulary mastery. The test consists of pre-test and post-test. There is one type of questions test used in the research, namely fill-in-the- blank questions consisting of 20 questions for pre-test and 20 questions for post-test. Students choose the correct answer. The score of every items are 5. The reason for choosing fill-in-the-blank type questions is because this
type of question was more effective than other types of questions to this research.
2. The Observation was purposed is to determine student participation in the teaching and learning process. The observation used a research experiment to determine the learning process and student interest by using the word walls media in learning vocabulary mastery.
G. Data Collection Techniques
The data was collected in the second semester of the 2021-2022 academic years. With a pre-test and a post-test of the control group and the experimental group. The results of the pre-test were compared with the results of the post-test to find out the significant difference in students' vocabulary mastery.
1. Pre-test
According to Cresswell (2013), a pre-test gives a measure of several attributes or characteristics that you score for participants in an experiment before they receive
treatment where a questionnaire is tested on a small (statistically) sample of respondents before full-scale research, to identify problems such as wording unclarity or taking research questionnaires.
2. Post-test
According to Cresswell (2013), a post-test is a measure of several attributes or characteristics that are assessed for participants in the experiment. Tests given to students after completing a program or instructional segment are often used in conjunction with pretests to measure their achievement and program effectiveness.