E. The technique of Data Analysis
2. Student problems when speaking English based on interview
Based on the results of the interviews obtained from all samples, found several problems related to the results of the interview which has been mapped some of the results of the interview into 3 results, namely:
a. The use of first language in daily life Sample 1:
Based on sample 1, It can be seen from the interview results above that the use of the first language in daily life affects sample 1 in speaking English. that is because the language used in daily life is the language of the buginese and also the family of the sample are rare and never even use English, and also for sample 1, the influence of the environment and society does not affect him in English.
Sample 2:
From the interview results of the sample 2 participants, it was noticed that sample 2 had resided in their area for a long time and that the dominant language used in daily life is the Buginese language and also from the interview results, it was found that sample 2 was still influenced by the use of the first language in English every day so that they felt confused and the amount of incorrect pronunciations.
Sample 5:
From interview results of researchers and sample 5 it can be said that these pronunciation errors are caused by the use of the dominant language of sample 5 in which Indonesian and Ambonese are often used, while English is used only when learning English. Nonetheless, Sample 5 also agrees with the argument that the social and environmental factors that affect or develop and prepare them to speak English, even though Sample 5 says that it rarely speaks English in the community due to lack of vocabulary.
Sample 8:
When no errors were found in students due to the results of interviews between the researchers and the students concerned, it was known that although the student concerned was dominant in the use of the Makassarnese language in daily life, the use of English or foreign students concerned could be said quite often due to interactions with friends in the neighbourhood.
Sample 9:
Based on the results of the interview, if we agree with the observations of some pronunciation errors in sample 9, it was inferred that some pronunciation errors were induced by the use of everyday language, including Indonesian and Makassar, where English was only used when learning happened, and sample 9 had been living in their region since birth, allowing use of the first language more common than English.
Sample 16:
Interview findings that were questioned that the mistake found above is due to the language that is often used is Indonesian and also enrekang where sample 16 notes that when speaking English, Indonesian also affects the pronunciation of English itself so that there were several errors in pronunciation so that sample 16 felt nervous and ashamed when speaking English in public.
Sample 17:
From the interview results obtained from sample 17, it is understood that sample 17 rarely uses English because the language that is often used to communicate is only Indonesian and Makassar, where English is used only in the classroom.
Sample 18:
The findings of interviews between the researchers and the students concerned are understood to mean that, although the student concerned is influential in the use of Makassarnese language in daily life, the use of English or foreign students involved can often be said to be attributed to encounters with friends in the neighbourhood.
Sample 20:
It is known from the interview results of the researcher with a sample of 20, he came from Gowa but his parents are from Java and Makassar where the language used by his family and every day from the sample 20 is
Indonesian but he said that the first language did not really affect when speaking in soccer. because he believes that all that can be changed with practice and the influence of the environment and society.
Sample 21:
Based on the results of interviews with sample 21, it was found that he was born and raised in the city of Makassar where both parents of sample 21 also came from Makassar as well as the language that is often used is the Makassar language. and also sample 21 does not agree with the statement that the first language can affect someone when speaking English because that statement can be broken with practice in speaking in English.
Sample 26:
From interviews with sample 26, it is known that her mother is from Manado while her father is from Mandar. He has lived in Makassar since birth and the language used is Indonesian and he also refuses that the first language influences when speaking English.
b. English used only in learning Sample 3:
From the interview results, sample 3 is not used for the use of English, which is only used for learning and the daily language of sample 3, which is
the Indonesian language, where, according to sample 3, sometimes speaking English still has an influence on the first language, Indonesian.
Sample 7:
The interview results obtained from sample 7, it is understood that sample 7 rarely uses English because the language that is often used to communicate is only Indonesian and Makassar, where English is used only while studying in the classroom.
Sample 10:
Based on the results of the interviews that were replied in sample 10, it can be inferred that some of the grammar mistakes in sample 10 are attributed to the unusual use of English, where only English is used in the learning of English and the language most widely used in sample 10 is Indonesian and Makassar. Where the two forms of this language have been used since he was a boy, and also according to him when he was going to speak English, sometimes the first language intervened when he was going to speak in such a way that there was a wrong sound of English.
c. The influence of first language Sample 4:
From sample 4 interviews, he said that the influence of the first language that Indonesian has on sample 4 in speaking English still has an impact on
sample 4 where Indonesian is the dominant language for sample 4 in daily activities. Sample 4 believes that environmental and social factors do not affect the rise in the use of English, as there is a lack of knowledge of vocabulary and the grammar of words in English.
Sample 6:
The findings of the interviews reveal that sample 6 is not very fluent in English, which is exacerbated by constant speech in Indonesian, Buginese, and Enrekang. And he does not agree that social yet environmental abilities will develop speaking English because they can be affected by so many languages.
Sample 11:
The interview results obtained from sample 11 revealed that the language most widely used in sample 11 is the language of Buginese and Makassar, where he also uses English while talking to peers. Although he often uses English, the first language sometimes influences him in such a way that he feels uncertain when he speaks English.
Sample 12:
From the interview results obtained from sample 12, it was found that the language used was the Makassar language which was used since birth and when he could speak, and his parents used the Makassar language and
Indonesian. It is known that sample 12 felt affected when speaking English because it was influenced by the first language.
Sample 13:
The findings of the study 13 interviews showed that he rarely uses English, the language most widely used in both the social languages being Indonesian and Buginese. And also, from the results of the study, it was replied that he was also troubled by the first language when he spoke English.
Sample 14:
It was observed that sample 14 was evidently constant in their general vicinity, and that the dominant language used in day-to-day existence is the Buginese language, and from the conference, the findings showed that sample 14 was still affected by the use of the main language used by English regularly, so that they feel upset and the amount of inconsistencies while trying to speak in English.
Sample 15:
The interview showed that he often used English with his sister and the language often used in sample 15 was Buginese and sometimes used English when asked to speak and understand English.
Sample 19:
Based on the interview results obtained from sample 19, it is known that both parents of sample 19 came from Makassar and Java where he used both languages but was more dominant in Indonesian. but it is known from the results of the interview, it was found that the father of sample 19 also sometimes used English and he also argued that sometimes the first language affected him when he spoke English.
Sample 22:
From the interview with sample 22, it is known that he is from Makassar and in the good daily life of both their parents, the languages are spoken are Indonesian and Makassar although there is sometimes a mixture of the two languages. and sample 22 agrees with the statement that the first language influences when speaking English because too often he uses Indonesian and Makassar so that he feels disturbed when speaking English.
Sample 23:
Based on the interview results obtained from sample 23, it was found that he had been in Makassar since the age of 10 years and also the languages used were Indonesian and Makassar although he did not really understand Makassar. however, he felt that sometimes the first language, Indonesian, would often influence when speaking English because of the frequent use of the first language and not the second language.
Sample 24:
From the interview results obtained from sample 24, it is known that the languages used are Makassar and Indonesian. which statement about the first language influences when going to speak English is not approved because according to him it can be disputed with the practice of speaking in English when environmentally or socially.
Sample 25:
Based on interviews found in sample 25, it is known that he was born in Soppeng but when he was 7 years old he moved to Makassar with his parents where he used Indonesian in daily life even though he also used the Makassar language where he lived and the Bugis language where he was born. the father of sample 25 is known from interviews that he uses English often enough to speak to the sample so he refutes the statement that the first language influences when speaking English because the use of sufficient English can improve speaking skills.
Sample 27:
From the results of interviews with sample 27, it was found that the language used by him and his family is Indonesian and Makassar where both languages sometimes affect when he will speak English so he believes that social and environmental can break the statement because it is very helpful in learning the correct way of speaking in English.
Sample 28:
From the interview results of the researchers with a sample of 28, it was found that he came from Palopo, where the languages used were Indonesian and Makassar. from the questions raised that whether the first language influences when speaking English, he agrees and says it influences it when speaking English. but he agreed all of that could be eliminated by using English in the social and community environment to be able to improve skills in speaking English.