Bulletin - United States National Museum

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U. S.

NATIONAL MUSEUM.

15

BULLETIN

OF THE

UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM.

TSTo. 1 5.

PUBLISHED UNDERTHE DIRECTIONOF THE SMITHSONIANINSTITUTION

WASHIlSrGTOI^:

G-OVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE.

1879.

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RADIATES.

By

a. E. Vekrill.

ECHINODEEMATA.

PentactafroudosaJaeger(Gunner,sp.).

CucumariafrondosaForbes,Brit. Starfishes, 1841.

—

DubenandKoren,1844.

One

large specimen, Godthaab, Greenland,

August

11,1878.

Strongylocentrotus DrobachiensisA. Agassiz.

Penny

Harbor,GulfofCumberland,reef atlow-water,October,4,1877, lot420.

LeptasteriasGronlandicaVerrill.

Asieracanthion GronlandicusSteexst.

—

Lutken,OversigtoverGronlandsEchiuo- dermata,p.29, 1857.

Head

of Gulf of Cumberland, NiantilicHarbor,lot 144; low-water, September25, 1877,lot 179; Arctic Island, lot 06;

Penny

Harbor,lat.

66°, atlow-water, October 4, 1877, lot224^; also

same

locality, lot290.

Leptasterias MulleriVerrill, 1866.

Asteracanthion MulleriSars,Fauna Litt.Norveg.,i, p. 56,f. 38,39; Oversigt af Norges Echinodermer,p.88.

Annanactook

Harbor, 4fathoms,

May

19, 1878,lot580.

Stephanasterias albulaVerrill.

AsteracanthionalbulusStimpson,Invert, ofGrand Manan,p.14,fig. 5,1853.

AsteracantliionprohlemaSteenstrup.

—

LtJTKEN,op. cit.p. 30.

Common

in

Cumberland

Gulf. Gravel beach atthe

head

ofthe gulf, etc.

Tbe

onlylotwiththe dateremainingis649,

May

30, 1878.

With

lot725isthe following note: "Dulllilacabove, yellowish white beneath."

All thespecimens are young, with the raysirregular in length

and

variable innumber.

Ihe

genus Stephanasterias, ijroposed

by me

for this species several years ago, is characterized

by

apeculiar structure of the skeleton

and

spines aswell as

by

its remarkable

method

of fission,so wellelucidated

by

Dr. Liitken.

Wnen

adalt, there areusually six regular equal rays, such specimensbecomingfour orfiveinchesindiameter.

But

insmaller specimens, still undergohig selfdivision, there are usually

two

tofour

151

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152 NATURAL HISTORY OF ARCTIC AMERICA.

longerrays,witli tlircotofive shorter reproiluced raysoii oneside.

The

rays arc rounded,

and

imifornilycovered witli small clustered spinules, arranged indivergent groui)s on each plate.

The

i)lates ar*»regularly arranged, both transversely

and

longitudinally,

and more

closelymrited thaninAsierias

and

Leptastcrias.

The

plates of tlie ventral rows are directlyunited Aviththe adambulacral, so as tok'a\eno si)aces between forthepapuhe,whichare,therefore,absentalongtheventral surfacenext theadambulacralplates; onthedorsalsurfacetheyareusuallyarranged in pairs.

The

major ])edicellari8e are arranged along theedgesof the ambulacralgrooves,

and

afewusually occurinthe adoralangles,between the bases of therays.

Ophioglypha nodosaLymau.

Ojjhiuranodosa Lutken,Addit. adHist. Oijliinridaniiii,p. 48,^pi. ^ii,^fig. 9,a-b, 1858.

Lot249.

Annanactook

Harbor, low-water, October7, 1877. "Color crimson."

HYDROIDA.

Sertularia argenteaEllisandSol.

Gravelbeach,

head

of

Cumberland

Gulf, low-water,

May

28, 1878.

Halecium tenellumHincks.

Gravel beach,

head

of

Cumberland

Gulf, low-water, lot G42,

May

28, 1878.

Obelia,sp.

With

last. Also from

Penny

Harbor, low-water, October 4, 1877, attachedtoAcidiopsiscomplanata.

ANTHOZOA.

Urticina crassiccruis Eh;euberg, 1834.

Actinia crassicornisMuller,Prodromus, 1776.

Tealia crasHicornisGossE,Ann.Nat.Hist.; ActinologiaBrit.,p. 209,pi. iv, fig.1.

Ilhodcictiuid Dnrixii A(i.

—

Veuhill, Revision Polyps,inMem.Boston Soc. Nat.

Hist.vol. i,)). IcS, (author'scopies, 18G4).

Head

of

Cumberland

Gulf, low-water, lot G67, on roots of

Lami-

naria.

Annanactook

Harbor,

May

19, 1878.

Bunodesspectabilia^Vcrrill.

ActiniaspcctahiliaFabricius,FannaGronlandica, p.342, 1780.

BunodesStellaVerrill,Revision ofPolyps EasternCoast of U.S.,inMem.Bos- tonSoc.Nat.Hist. 1,p. 16, pi. ^i,figs. 1-8, 1864.

A more

extensive acquaintancewith this species,

and

a careful com- parison with thedescriptionofFabriciushad,

some

timeago, caused

me

to unite

my

^/>. sfclla with the Greenlandic species (see Check-list of

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KADIATES.

153

IMaiiiie luvertebrata), althougliit

had

notbeeurecordedfrom

any

local- itybetweenthe

Bay

of

Fuudy and

Greenland.

The numerous

specimens inthis collection serveto confirm thatconclusion.

Common

atlow-waterinthe Gulf of

Cumberland

(lots179, 237, CG4),

Penny

Harbor, October4,lot237. Gravelbeach,

head

of gulf,

June

_1,

1878.

POEIFEEA.

Two

or threespeciesofsponges,not yet determined, areinthe collection.

The most

interesting,as well as

most common

one,formselongated, erect,ratherflaccid tubes,

two

or three inches high

and

.25 to .35 in diameter,openattop.

Itoccurred onthe gravel beach, head of thegulf, attached to stones,

June

13, 3878,lot770j alsoinlot643.