i FAKULTAS KEDOKTERAN UNIVERSITAS MUHAMMADIYAH MAKASSAR
SKRIPSI, MARET 2016 AZHARI AHSAN (10542 0371 12)
“HUBUNGAN FAKTOR KETURUNAN TERHADAP KEJADIAN RABUN JAUH (MIOPIA) DI FAKULTAS KEDOKTERAN UNIVERSITAS
MUHAMMADIYAH MAKASSAR”
( xii + 7 Tabel + 57 Halaman + 8 Lampiran )
ABSTRAK
LATAR BELAKANG : Penyebab rabun jauh (miopia) sampai saat ini belum diketahui secara pasti, diperkirakan bersifat multifaktorial dan berhubungan faktor keturunan (internal) dan faktor lingkungan (eksternal). Faktor internal meliputi genetik, riwayat keluarga, panjang bola mata, usia, jenis kelamin, dan etnik. Faktor eksternal meliputi pencahayaan saat tidur, membaca, pendidikan dan penghasilan orang tua serta aktivitas membaca dekat. Pengaruh kedua faktor tersebut masing- masing masih sulit dibuktikan dan sangat mungkin interaksi keduanya mengakibatkan peningkatan rabun jauh (miopia).
TUJUAN : Untuk mengetahui pengaruh faktor keturunan terhadap rabun jauh (miopia) pada mahasiswa Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Muhammadiyah Makassar.
METODE : Jenis penelitian dekriptif analitik dengan pendekatan cross sectional yang dimaksudkan untuk mengetahui hubungan faktor keturunan dengan kejadian rabun jauh (Miopia). Sampel harus memenuhi kriteria inklusi dan eksklusi. Sampel yang diambil menggunakan teknik non random (non probabillity) sampling yaitu purposive sampling dan didapatkan sampel minimal 52 sampel dari populasi mahasiswa Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Muhammadiyah Makassar.
HASIL : Dari total sampel 79 reponden yang mengalami miopia dan ada faktor keturunan sebanyak 44 orang, sedangkan responden yang normal dan ada faktor keturunan sebanyak 9 orang dengan total responden yang ada faktor keturunan sebanyak 53 orang. Responden yang mengalami miopia dan tidak ada faktor keturunan sebanyak 9 orang, sedangkan responden yang normal dan tidak ada faktor keturunan sebanyak 17 orang. Adapun nilai odd ratio adalah 9,23 dan dengan metode uji statistika diperoleh nilai P = 0,000 (α = <0,05)
KESIMPULAN : Terdapat hubungan faktor keturunan dengan kejadian rabun jauh (Miopia) pada mahasiswa Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Muhammadiyah Makassar
KATA KUNCI : Faktor Keturunan, Kejadian, dan Miopia
ii FACULTY OF MEDICINE UNIVERSITY OF MUHAMMADIYAH MAKASSAR UNDERGRADUATE PAPER, MARCH 2016
AZHARI AHSAN (10542 0371 12)
“RELATIONS BETWEEN HEREDITARY FACTORS WITH THE
OCCURENCE OF NEARSIGHTEDNESS (MYOPIA) AT THE FACULTY OF MEDICINE OF UNIVERSITY OF MUHAMMADIYAH MAKASSAR”
( xii + 7 Tables + 57 Pages + 8 Attachments ) ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND : The cause of nearsightedness (myopia) until now has not known for certain, it is thought to be multifactorial and related to hereditary factors (internal) and environmental factors (external). Internal factors include genetics, family history, length of the eyeball, age, gender, and ethnicity. External factors include lighting while sleeping, reading, education and income of parents and close reading activities. The influence of these two factors each still difficult to prove, and an interaction of both factors would very likely increase the occurrence of nearsightedness (myopia).
OBJECTIVE: To determine the influence of hereditary factor on nearsightedness (myopia) at the Faculty of Medicine’s students of University of Muhammadiyah Makassar.
METHODS: A descriptive-analytic method with cross-sectional approach that is intended to determine the relations of genetic factors with the incidence of nearsightedness (myopia). Samples must meet the inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Samples were taken using the purposive sampling of the non-probability category, and at least 52 samples must be taken from the students population of University of Muhammadiyah Makassar’s Faculty of Medicine.
RESULTS: Of the total sample of 79 respondents who had myopia, there are hereditary factors found in as many as 44 people, while respondents who were normal and having hereditary factors were 9 people with total respondent that having hereditary factors are as many as 53 people. Respondents who have myopia and without heredity factors as many as 9 people, while respondents with normal eyesight and no heredity factors are as many as 17 people. The value of odd ratio is 9.23 and with statistical test method obtained a value of P = 0.000 (α = <0.05) CONCLUSION: There is a relationship with the incidence of hereditary factors nearsightedness (myopia) at the Faculty of Medicine of University of Muhammadiyah Makassar
KEYWORDS: Hereditary factors, Occurrence, and Myopia
